Objective To evaluate the curative effects of sitagliptin in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Methods 200 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with NAFLD were selected and randomly divided into the observation group and the control group,100 cases in each group.The observation group received sitagliptin treatment,while the control group was treated with metformin.Before and 3,6 months after treatment,the body weight,body mass index(BMI),liver function(AST,ALT,GGT),OGCT synchronous exsanguinate assay(fasting and 2 h after breakfast glucose,insulin),blood lipid(TC,TG)and glycosylated hemoglobin(HbAlc),and other biochemical indicators were monitored and compared,as well as 1HMRS scan images. Results In the two groups after treatment,ALT,GGT,AST,FPG and 2h PG all improved significantly(t≥2.35,P <0.05),but ALT,GGT,AST,FPG and 2h PG in the observation group all improved better than those in the control group(t≥4.99,all P <0.05).In the two groups after treatment,TC,TG,HbAlc,BMI,HOMA -IR all improved significantly(t≥5.63,all P <0.05),but those of the observation group improved more significantly(t≥3.90,all P <0.05 ).In the observation group after treatment,liver lipid content (IHCL)was (10.3 ±2.9 )%,which was significantly lower than (27.8 ±4.5)% before treatment(t =32.69,P <0.05).In the control group after treatment, IHCL was (18.4 ±3.5)%,which was significantly lower than (26.9 ±4.6)% before treatment(t =14.70,P <0.05),but in the observation group after treatment IHCL was significantly lower than that in the control group after treatment(t =17.82,P <0.05).Conclusion Sitagliptin can significantly improve the blood glucose,blood lipid, liver function,insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with NAFLD,which has good clinical curative effects and is worthy of clinical promoting.

Objective To study the effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogues combined with metformin on body glycemic control and insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods The medical records of 132 patients with obese T2DM who were treated in our hospital from Jan.2014 to Jun.2017 were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into observation group and the control group according to the random number table method,66 cases each.The control group were treated with metformin combined with imimol.The observation group were treated with metformin combined with GLP-1 analogue.The difference of (body mass index,BMI),(glycosylated hemoglobin,HbA1c),(fasting blood glucose,FBG),(2 hour postprandial blood glucose,2 h PBG),(triglyceride,TG),(total cholesterol,TC),(high density lipoprotein-cholesterol,HDL-C),(low density lipoprotein-cholesterol,LDL-C),(fasting insulin,FINS),(fasting C peptide,FCP),(homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance,HOMA-IR),(homeostatic model assessment-β cell,HOMA-β)between the two groups were compared.Results Statistical analysis showed that there was no significant difference in the pre-treatment related indexes between the two groups (all P＞0.05).The BMI,waist-to-hip ratio of the observation group were more obvious after treatment (P＜0.05).The levels of HbA1c,FBG and 2 h PBG in the observation group and the control group were 6.85±1.49 vs 8.92 ±1.02 (％),5.99 ±2.09 vs 7.21±3.04 (mmol/L),7.90±2.04 vs 9.78 ±3.47 (mmol/L)(all P＜0.05).The levels of TG,TC and LDL-C in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group,and the level of HDL-C was significantly increased (P＜0.05).The level change of FINS (15.08±3.21 vs 11.05±2.8)(mIU/L),FCP (2.21±0.84 vs 1.84±0.71)(pmol/L),HOMA-IR (1.33±0.09 vs 2.15±0.12) and HOMA-β(54.29±10.98 vs 32.15 ±6.43) were more obvious in the observation group than in the control group between before and after treatment(all P＜0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions during the treatment was 3.04％ vs 28.79)(P＜0.05).Conclusions GLP-1 analogue combined with metformin is effective in treatment of obese T2DM.The patient's blood sugar control effect is better,and the safety is higher.The body's insulin secretion level is increased,the insulin resistance is reduced,and the islet β cell function is obviously restored.It has positive significance in delaying the development of diabetes,thus worthy of clinical promotion.

The damage caused by space microgravity environment to the body systems of astronauts directly affects their work efficiency.This paper reviewed previous studies on the effects of space microgravity environment and ground simulated microgravity environment on cognition and emotion, potential mechanisms and interventions. It was found that a microgravity environment led to dysfunction in learning, memory, spatial orientation and other aspects, and caused anxiety and depression. The mechanisms of cognitive and emotional impairment associated with microgravity environment are complex, including neuronal damage, brain structure changes, neurotransmitter disorders, synaptic dysfunction, oxidative stress injury, and energy metabolism disorders. Pharmacological approaches such as natural extracts, physical interventions such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, and new therapies such as probiotics were expected to reduce cognitive impairment and mood disorders caused by microgravity exposure. With the development of aerospace medicine in China, the potential mechanism and interventions of microgravity environment on cognitive and emotional impairment remain to be further studied.