Radiation therapy is one of the most important treatment methods for malignant tumors. Radiosensitivity is the key factor affecting the therapeutic effect of radiation therapy for tumor patients, which has been a hot topic of research. Alternative splicing is a vital post-transcriptional regulatory step in the process of gene expression. It can produce a variety of different splicing isoforms of pre-mRNA, and then produce various proteins which play a crucial role in maintaining normal life activities of the body. Compared with normal cells, tumor cells have a higher proportion of splicing disorder events, which can lead to the occurrence of pathological processes such as genomic instability and angiogenesis, thus resulting in the progression of diseases. Abnormal splicing events occurring in tumors can be used as new therapeutic targets. In this article, RNA alternative splicing, splicing events affecting radiosensitivity, and the prospects were reviewed.

Mineralized tissue regeneration is an important and challenging part of the field of tissue engineering and regeneration. At present, autograft harvest procedures may cause secondary trauma to patients, while bone scaffold materials lack osteogenic activity, resulting in a limited application. Loaded with osteogenic induction growth factor can improve the osteoinductive performance of bone graft, but the explosive release of growth factor may also cause side effects. In this study, we innovatively used platelet-rich fibrin (PRF)-modified bone scaffolds (Bio-Oss
Autografts ; Bone Regeneration ; Cell Differentiation ; Humans ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells ; Osteogenesis ; Tissue Engineering ; Tissue Scaffolds

Bone substitute material implantation has become an important treatment strategy for the repair of oral and maxillofacial bone defects. Recent studies have shown that appropriate inflammatory and immune cells are essential factors in the process of osteoinduction of bone substitute materials. Previous studies have mainly focused on innate immune cells such as macrophages. In our previous work, we found that T lymphocytes, as adaptive immune cells, are also essential in the osteoinduction procedure. As the most important antigen-presenting cell, whether dendritic cells (DCs) can recognize non-antigen biomaterials and participate in osteoinduction was still unclear. In this study, we found that surgical trauma associated with materials implantation induces necrocytosis, and this causes the release of high mobility group protein-1 (HMGB1), which is adsorbed on the surface of bone substitute materials. Subsequently, HMGB1-adsorbed materials were recognized by the TLR4-MYD88-NFκB signal axis of dendritic cells, and the inflammatory response was activated. Finally, activated DCs release regeneration-related chemokines, recruit mesenchymal stem cells, and initiate the osteoinduction process. This study sheds light on the immune-regeneration process after bone substitute materials implantation, points out a potential direction for the development of bone substitute materials, and provides guidance for the development of clinical surgical methods.
Biocompatible Materials/metabolism* ; HMGB1 Protein/metabolism* ; Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88/metabolism* ; Bone Substitutes/metabolism* ; Dendritic Cells/metabolism*