Animals ; Brain Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; genetics ; Glioma ; genetics ; pathology ; Humans ; Neoplastic Stem Cells ; pathology ; Neural Stem Cells ; pathology ; Neuroglia ; pathology ; Neurons ; pathology

Objective To develop the human colon carcinoma(HT-29) liver metastasis model in nude mice,and to detect the expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptases(hTERT) mRNA in liver of nude mice. Methods Liver metastases were established in 30 Balb/c nude mice by intrasplenic injection of colonic cancer cells(HT-29),and the spleens were resected.After being sacrificed,the tumor growth was observed,and the pathological examinations were performed.The expression of hTERT mRNA in the livers of nude mice was detected by RT-PCR technique. ResultsHuman colon carcinoma(HT-29) liver metastasis model was developed in all the 30 nude mice,with the liver metastasis rate of 100%.The pathological results revealed the occurrence of liver metastases,and the expression of hTERT mRNA was positive in the liver tissues. Conclusion Intrasplenic injection of HT-29 cell is a reliable way for producing colonic cancer liver metastasis model,and the positive expression of hTERT mRNA in liver tissues indicates the significance of hTERT in the early diagnosis and treatment of colon carcinoma liver metastasis.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the efficacy of biofeedback therapy for fecal incontinence in patients with mid or low rectal cancer.

METHODSTwenty-four patients with mid or low rectal cancer received biofeedback treatments after restorative resection and therapeutic efficacy was evaluated using anorectal manometry and Vaizey and Wexner scoring systems. Eighteen inpatients without defecating difficulties were selected as control group.

RESULTSThe parameters of anorectal manometry in patients with rectal cancer were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.01). After biofeedback therapy, the maximum squeeze pressure, resting pressure and maximum tolerated volume were significantly increased, from (118.3+/-42.9) mm Hg to (193.2+/-38.2) mm Hg, (27.8+/-9.0) mm Hg to (47.9+/-9.3) mm Hg,(97.5+/-52.8) ml to (189.1+/-39.0) ml, respectively (all P<0.01), while no significant difference in sensory threshold was observed (P=0.101). Post-treatment Vaizey (10.5+/-2.3 vs 12.9+/-2.8) and Wexner (7.5+/-2.5 vs 10.1+/-2.6) scores were significantly decreased compared with those before biofeedback (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONBiofeedback therapy can improve the anal function in patients with rectal cancer after restorative resection.

Aged ; Anal Canal ; surgery ; Biofeedback, Psychology ; Fecal Incontinence ; etiology ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; therapy ; Pressure ; Rectal Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo explore the molecular mechanisms of arsenic trioxide (As2O3) inhibiting NB4 cells proliferation.

METHODSThe Janus kinase 1 (JAK1) protein level and its phosphorylation level in NB4 cells was detected by Western blots. NB4 cells were transfected with JAK1 siRNA or JAK1 plasmid to make JAK1 gene silenced or overexpressed. The inhibition of NB4 cells proliferation was measured by MTT assay and Trypan blue exclusion respectively. The variation of phosphorylation level of JAK1 and the cell cycle inhibitor P21 were determined by Western blots.

RESULTSJAK1 protein was expressed stably in NB4 cells, with no phosphorylation. The phosphorylation of JAK1 was enhanced after the NB4 cells treated with As2O3. After NB4 cells transfected with JAK1 siRNA, the expression level of JAK1 was obviously lower than that of in the non-specific siRNA group and blank control group. The effect of As2O3 inhibiting NB4 cells proliferation was weaker in the JAK1 siRNA transfected group. The inhibiting rate of 4 micromol/L As2O3 on NB4 cells proliferation of JAK1 siRNA group was 49.12% being lower than that of the non-specific siRNA group (74.58%) and control group (72.33%). After NB4 cells transfected with JAK1 plasmid, the JAK1 expression level in wild-type and mutant type plasmid groups were significantly higher than those in the empty plasmid group, moreover the effect of As2O3 inhibiting proliferation was stronger in wild-type plasmid group. The inhibiting rate of 4 micromol/L As2O3 on NB4 cells proliferation of wild-type plasmid group was 69.53% being higher than that of the mutant type JAK1 plasmid group (37.26%) and the empty plasmid group (39.61%). The expression level of P21 was up-regulated after the NB4 cells treated with As2O3.

CONCLUSIONJAK1 is expressed stably in NB4 cells, but has no activity. Arsenic trioxide inhibits the proliferation of NB4 cells through activating the JAK1. P21 is up-regulated after arsenic trioxide activated the JAK1 to inhibit the proliferation of NB4 cells.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Arsenicals ; pharmacology ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Humans ; Janus Kinase 1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Oxides ; pharmacology ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects ; Tumor Cells, Cultured

This study was aimed to investigate the mechanism of leukemia cell apoptosis induced by histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACI). Flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptosis of leukemia cell lines NB4, U937 and Jurkat, and the changes of mRNA and protein expressions of TRAIL, DR4 and DR5 were detected by Western blot and RT-PCR respectively. The results showed that both TRAIL and DR5 protein and mRNA expressions in NB4, U937 and Jurkat cells increased after treated with sodium butyrate (SB) and in time-dependent manner. However, DR4 mRNA in leukemia cells was not significantly changed after treated with SB. It is concluded that the apoptosis mechanism of leukemic cell lines NB4, U937 and Jurkat induced by SB is closely related to the protein and mRNA expressions up-regulating TRAIL and DR5, but the DR4 may not participate in the apoptosis induced by SB.
Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Isobutyrates ; pharmacology ; Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand ; metabolism ; TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo study the inhibition effect of celastrol on neovascularization.

METHODSThe effect of celastrol on the in vitro proliferation of endothelial cell of vessel (ECV) was examined by MTT assay. The effect of celastrol on endothelial cell migration, tube formation on Matrigel and Chick chorioallantoic membrane angiogenesis was also examined. Matrigel plug assay was used to evaluate the effect of celastrol on angiogenesis in vivo.

RESULTSThe proliferation of ECV was inhibited significantly by celastrol with IC(50) being 1.33 microg/ml. Celastrol inhibited endothelial cell migration and tube formation in a dose-dependent manner. Celastrol also inhibited angiogenesis both in Matrigel plug of mouse model and in chick chorioallantoic membranes.

CONCLUSIONCelastrol, which can inhibit angiogenesis, could be developed as an antiangiogenic drug.

Angiogenesis Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Endothelial Cells ; drug effects ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Triterpenes ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of Guizhi Fuling Capsule active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and its fractions on human breast cancer cells proliferation by high-throughput screening assay. METHODS The crude fractions were obtained from the extraction and elution of the API of Guizhi Fuling Capsule, and 929 standard fractions were obtained by the optimal separation conditions. Sulforhodamine B (SRB) method was used to evaluate the effects of the Guizhi Fuling capsule API and 929 kinds of fractions on the proliferation of human breast cancer cells MCF- 7 and MDA- MB- 231. RESULTS The Guizhi Fuling capsule API had a strong ability to inhibit the proliferation of MCF-7 cells at high concentration and the ability to inhibit MDA-MB-231 cells' proliferate at low concentration follow?ing 72 h treatment;some samples of 929 fractions (5 μg·mL-1) was found to have a breast cancer cell growth inhibition rate above 50%, without toxicity on HUVECs proliferation. CONCLUSION The API of Guizhi Fuling capsule had significant cytotoxicity effects on these two human breast cancer cells, with significant concentration- and time-dependent manner.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the in vitro maturation of human oocytes (IVM) from pregnant late term, natural cycles and Gn stimulating cycles and the effect of granulose cells on IVM from pregnant late term.

METHODSA total of 1086 immature oocytes were obtained including 633 oocyte-cumulus complexes (OCCs) and 453 denuded oocytes (DOs). OCCs were divided into pregnant late term group, natural cycle group and IVM group, and DOs were divided into pregnant late term group, natural cycle group and controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) group. All the oocytes were matured in IVM culture system and fertilized by ICSI. The embryos were cultured to blastocyst stage except that those in IVM group were transferred into the uterus. The main outcomes were assessed including maturation rate (MR), fertilization rate (FR), cleavage rate (CR), and blastulation rate (BR) (natural cycle group, pregnant late term group and COH group) and pregnancy rate per transfer cycle (PR) of IVM group.

RESULTSMR of OCCs in pregnant late term group, natural cycle group and COH group was 74.3%, 76.9% and 82.2%, respectively, showing statistical difference between pregnant late term cycle group and IVM group. No statistical difference was observed in FR, CR or BR between the three groups. For IVM cycle group, clinical pregnancy rate of 20% per aspiration was achieved. For DOs, MR of COH group (86.0%) was significantly higher than that of the natural cycle group (72.5%) and pregnant late term group (72.7%) (P<0.01). FR, CR and BR showed no statistical difference among the 3 groups. No difference was found in MR, FR, CR and BR between OCCs group and DOs group from pregnant late term.

CONCLUSIONSThe oocytes from pregnant late term have the same development potential as those from natural cycles or Gn stimulating cycles in vitro, and provide a new source of donor oocytes. Granulose cells do not affect the IVM from pregnant late term.

Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Humans ; Oocytes ; cytology ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, Third

OBJECTIVETo compare the development of abnormal pronuclear zygotes after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and analyze their genetic polymorphism.

METHODSFour hundred and ninety three abnormal pronuclear zygotes after ICSI were divided into three groups based on the number of pronuclei: 347 nonpronuclear oocytes, 71 monopronuclear zygotes and 75 multipronuclear zygotes. All of them were cultured in the medium of Vitrolife G5 series(TM). Sixteen short tandem repeats (STR) of seven blastocysts were then analyzed by ABI3100.

RESULTSThe cleavage rate of nonpronuclear group (25.4%) was lower than that of the others (P<0.01), the proportion of blocked embryos in nonpronuclear group (48.9%) was significantly higher than that of the others (P<0.05), but the blastocyst rate showed no significant difference in three groups (P>0.05). The genetic polymorphism of the 16 STRs showed that the blastocysts from the nonpronuclear and multipronuclear were diploid, and one of the blastocysts from nonpronuclear oocyte was Y-bearing.

CONCLUSIONThe zygotes with abnormal pronuclei after ICSI might have development potential, and the blastocysts from nonpronuclear oocytes and multipronuclear zygotes could be diploid.

Blastocyst ; physiology ; Cell Nucleus ; physiology ; Embryonic Development ; genetics ; physiology ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Male ; Oocytes ; physiology ; Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic ; adverse effects ; Tandem Repeat Sequences ; Zygote ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical efficacy, surgical indications and postoperative complications of mid urethral sling procedures in treatment of female stress urinary incontinence.

METHODSA multicenter clinical trial was conducted from April 2002 to April 2008 in five hospitals, 304 cases of genuine stress urinary incontinence and 8 cases of mixed incontinence were included. TVT procedures were carried out in 134 patients, TVTO procedures in 167 patients, Monarc procedures in 11 patients. Perioperative evaluations included: operating time, bleeding volume, and perioperative complications. Operative efficacy was classified into three categories: cure, improved and failure and evaluated before discharge, 3 months after surgery and then every year.

RESULTSTVT group had longer operating time [(18.5 + or - 9.6) min] and more bleeding volume [(32.2 + or - 12.6) ml] than those in TVTO group [(11.5 + or - 3.1) min, (12.8 + or - 8.5) ml] and in Monarc group [(11.1 + or - 2.6) min, (12.3 + or - 3.5) ml] with P < 0.05. Monarc and TVTO procedures had higher cure rates and improve rates comparing with TVT, but the differences were of no significance. The cure rate (95.7%) in patients with genuine stress incontinence were significantly higher than that in patients with mixed incontinence (37.5%). No significant differences of total intra- and postoperative complications were noted for all of the three procedures. However, bladder injury tended to occur in TVT group and obturator nerve injury and vaginal injury tended to occur in TVTO group. Transient voiding dysfunction and urinary retention were the most common complications.

CONCLUSIONSMid urethral sling procedures have excellent clinical outcomes in the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence.

Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Suburethral Slings ; Treatment Outcome ; Urinary Incontinence, Stress ; surgery