Aging ; Health ; Humans ; Longevity

Adolescent ; Adult ; Angiofibroma ; radiotherapy ; Humans ; Male ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; radiotherapy ; Neoplasm, Residual ; Postoperative Period ; Young Adult

To investigate the effects of carbamazepine (CBZ) on the plasma concentrations of valproic acid (VPA) and its toxic metabolite 2-propyl-4-pentenoic acid (4-ene VPA) in epileptic patients, the plasma concentrations of VPA and 4-ene VPA were determined, and the effect of CBZ on pharmacokinetics of VPA was evaluated. All patients had been divided into two groups (VPA group, n = 87; and VPA+CBZ group, n = 19). As compared to VPA group, the combination of CBZ significantly (P < 0.01) decreased the trough concentration of VPA [VPA group, (69.5 +/- 28.8) microg x mL(-1); VPA+CBZ group, (46.3 +/- 25.6) microg x mL(-1)] and does-adjusted VPA trough concentration [VPA group, (4.89 +/- 2.21) microg x mL(-1) x mg(-1) x kg(-1); VPA+CBZ group, (3.14 +/- 1.74) microg x mL(-1) x mg(-1) x kg(-1)]. However, the addition of CBZ did not influence the concentration of 4-ene VPA. The present study revealed that coadministration of CBZ can reduce VPA plasma concentration and may impact VPA clinical effect, therefore therapeutic drug mornitoring of VPA should be used when combined use of CBZ and VPA.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Anticonvulsants ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; therapeutic use ; Carbamazepine ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; therapeutic use ; Drug Interactions ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Epilepsy ; blood ; drug therapy ; Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Valproic Acid ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; therapeutic use ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the clinicopathologic features, immunotype and cytogenetics of Chinese mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).

METHODS114 MCL cases were collected from hematopathology lab of department of pathology, Peking University, HSC. Routine HE stain and immune stain were used to investigate the clinicopathologic features and immune type. Breaks of CCND1 and IgH/CCND1 fusion genes were detected by FISH.

RESULTSThe ratio of male to female was 3.56:1 (89:25) with the median age of 60 years old (20 - 83 years old). 78 cases (68.42%, 78/114) primarily showed lymph node involvement, including 49 cases (49/78, 62.82%) jugular node involvement; 36 cases (31.58%, 36/114) showed extra-nodal involvement. 23 cases (23/114, 20.18%)showed bone marrow involvement. The expressions of CD3ε, CD20, CD79a, PAX5, CD5, cyclinD1 and Bcl-2 were 0% (0/114), 99.12% (113/114), 96.43% (27/28), 97.56% (40/41), 67.89% (74/109), 100% (114/114) and 94.12% (48/51), respectively. Break of CCND1 gene was found in 20 cases (80%, 20/25), the fusion gene of IgH-CCND1 in 16 cases (80%, 16/20), the break of IgH gene in 9 cases (100%, 9/9)and its fusion gene in 8 cases (88.89%, 8/9). We followed up 75 cases with a period of 2-57 months. The median survival was 40.78 months. The survivals at 1 year, 2 year and 3 year were 84.13% (53/63), 68.09% (32/47) and 37.5% (12/32), respectively. The median survival of group with more than 40% expression of Ki-67 was 36 months, the group with less than 40% expression of Ki67 57 months (P = 0.003). 7 of 13 patients accepted Rituximab plus traditional chemotherapy attained CR, 3 cases PR. 11 of 44 cases accepted traditional chemotherapy attained CR, 9 cases PR (P = 0.052).

CONCLUSIONMost of Chinese MCL occurred in older male, multi-lymphadenopathy and bone marrow involvement were common in MCL as a aggressive tumor. High expression of Ki-67 was an adverse prognostic indicator. Rituximab could improve the survival. Change of CCND1 gene was the most common cytogenetic abnormality.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Cyclin D1 ; genetics ; Cytogenetics ; Female ; Humans ; Ki-67 Antigen ; genetics ; Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell ; genetics ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Young Adult

This study was aimed to investigate the effect of chemokine-like factor superfamily 8 (CKLFSF8) on proliferation and expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) of HL-60 cells. Expression of CKLFSF8 mRNA on HL-60 cell line was assayed by RT-PCR; the target gene was transfected into the cells by lipid vector, cell proliferation was determined by MTT assay, while expression of EGFR in HL-60 was determined by immunocytochemical technique. The results indicated that expression of CKLFSF8 existed in HL-60 cells. After transfection, cell proliferation was inhibited (P < 0.05) and the expression of EGFR in HL-60 cells was also discovered to be inhibited (P < 0.05). It is concluded that the proliferation and expression of EGFR in HL-60 cells can be inhibited by transfection of CKLFSF8. The novel chemokine may provide a new approach in the treatment of leukemia.
Cell Proliferation ; Chemokines ; metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; MARVEL Domain-Containing Proteins ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; metabolism ; Transfection

BACKGROUNDThere are many different materials used for ligament reconstruction. Currently, autograft, allograft, and artificial ligaments are used in the reconstruction. The objective of this study was to explore the clinical result of cruciate ligament reconstruction under arthroscopy.

METHODSEighty-one cases were reconstructed with the LARS ligament under arthroscopy, including 43 cases of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, 20 cases of posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) injury, and 18 cases of ACL combined with PCL injuries of the knee. The follow up period was 10 to 49 months. The International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) and Lysholm knee score scales were used for functional evaluation. We examined the anterior and posterior stability of the knee with KT-1000.

RESULTSAccording to the Lysholm knee function score scale, the average preoperative score of (44.6+/-1.4) increased to a postoperative score of (82.8+/-2.5) in the ACL group and from (46.6+/-2.3) to (80.8+/-2.0) in the PCL group. In the ACL combined with PCL injury group, the preoperative score increased from (45.2+/-1.2) to (85.5+/-2.3). According to IKDC score standards, in ACL group we evaluated 19 cases as C and 24 cases as D, preoperatively, and postoperatively 27 cases as A, 14 cases as B and two cases as C. In the preoperative PCL group, we had 11 cases defined as C and nine cases as D that resolved to 12 cases as A, seven as B and one case of C in postoperative evaluation. In the ACL combined with PCL injury group we defined four cases as C and 14 as D during preoperative scoring. These patients had postoperative grades of six cases as A, 10 as B, and two cases as C. All of the results have statistical significance.

CONCLUSIONSACL, PCL, or combined ACL and PCL reconstruction using the LARS ligament under arthroscopy is a minimally invasive, safe and effective method to treat cruciate ligament injuries of the knee. Clinical results are satisfactory in the short term.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament ; surgery ; Arthroscopy ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament ; surgery ; Prostheses and Implants ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; adverse effects ; methods ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective To establish the feasibility of performing an endoscopic anterior approach for upper cervical spine in a clinical setting.Methods Application of this method on 13 Chinese cadavers was conducted to verify the practicability of this technique.Anatomic data were obtained by measuring the anterior cervical specimens,and anatomic observation was conducted in the neighboring structure through below the su- perior thyroid artery.Results The superior thyroid vascular-nerve plexus was neighbor to the puncture can- nula.But there has a quite large distance between the hypoglossal,the glossopharyngeal,the lingual artery, the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve and the puncture cannula.There has enough space between the posterior wall of the pharynx and the prevertebral fascia to put the MDE canuula.Conclusion This ca- daver and clinical study demonstrates that an endoscopic anterior approach to the upper cervical spine is safe and feasible,and can be a valid alternative to the conventional transoral approach.

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of methylene blue on the growth and acid production of Streptococcus mutans, and the effect of methylene blue on acid production metabolism in plaque glycolysis model (i-PGM) in vitro, and investigate the practicability of methylene blue as a new kind of dental caries prevention agent.

METHODSNephelometer method was used to measure OD value of Streptococcus mutans culture fluid in the different incubation conditions. The kinds and quantities of acid produced by Streptococcus mutans in the different incubation conditions were measured with gas chromatography. pH values of glycolysis buffer media of i-PGM in the different treatment conditions were measured by ORION electrode.

RESULTS(1) The OD value of Streptococcus mutans treated by methylene blue was lower than that by normal saline, and there was significant statistical difference between them. (2) The kinds of acid in three different culture fluid were same, but the total quantities of acid were significantly different among three different culture fluid, in which the total quantities of acid of culture fluids treated by glucose was the greatest, and treated by methylene blue was the lest. (3) The pH value of i-PGM treated by methylene blue was significantly different compared with negative control group, but was not significantly different compared with positive control group.

CONCLUSIONMethylene blue can inhibit the growth and acid production metabolism of Streptococcus matans and acid production metabolism of i-PGM.

Dental Caries ; Dental Plaque ; Glycolysis ; Methylene Blue ; Streptococcus mutans

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects and underlying molecular mechanisms of icariin (ICA) on self-renewal and differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs).

METHODSNSCs were derived from forebrains of mice embryos by mechanical dissociation into single cell suspension. The self-renewal of NSCs was measured by neurosphere formation assay. The proliferation of NSCs was detected by water-soluble tetrazolium (WST) and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) incorporation assay. Protein expression of neuron-specific marker tubulin-βIII(TuJ1) and astrocyte-specific marker glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were measured by immunofluorescence and Western blotting. Using microarray, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened between NSCs with or without ICA treatment. The signaling pathways enriched by these DEGs and their role in mediating effects of ICA were analyzed.

RESULTSICA significantly promoted neurosphere formation of NSCs cultured in growth protocol in a dose-dependent manner and achieved the maximum effects at 100 nmol/L. ICA also increased optical absorbance value and EdU incorporation into nuclei of NSCs. ICA had no significant effects on the percentage of TuJ1 or GFAP-positive cells, and TuJ1 or GFAP protein expression in NSCs cultured in differentiation protocol. A total of 478 genes were found to be differentially regulated. Among signaling pathways significantly enriched by DEGs, mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway was of interest. Blockade of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/MAPK, other than p38/MAPK subfamily pathway partially abolished effects of ICA on neurosphere formation and EdU incorporation of NSCs.

CONCLUSIONICA can promote the selfrenewal of NSCs at least partially through ERK/MAPK signaling pathway.

Animals ; Cell Aggregation ; drug effects ; genetics ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; genetics ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; genetics ; Deoxyuridine ; analogs & derivatives ; metabolism ; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases ; metabolism ; Female ; Flavonoids ; pharmacology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; MAP Kinase Signaling System ; drug effects ; genetics ; Mice ; Neural Stem Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; enzymology

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the experimental induction of posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) by intravitreous injection of hyaluronidase and perfluoroethane (C(2)F(6)).

METHODSFifteen rabbits (30 eyes) were divided into 3 experimental groups,the contralateral eyes in same animals served as the controls. Eyes in group A and B were received two vitreous injections of 15 IU of hyaluronidase at an interval of 5 d. The eyes in group C and all control eyes were injected with balanced salt solution (BSS). Seven days after injection, the experimental eyes in group A and C were received 0.5 ml of Fifteen rabbits (30 eyes) were divided into 3 experimental groups, the contralateral eyes in same animals served as the controls. Eyes in group A and B were received two vitreous injections of 15 IU of hyaluronidase at an interval of 5 d. The eyes in group C and all control eyes were injected with balanced salt solution (BSS). Seven days after injection,the experimental eyes in group A and C were received 0.5 ml of C(2)F(6) injection. The ocular and retinal signs were examined for 8 following weeks and then killed for histological examination.

RESULTFive eyes in group A (100.0%) showed complete separation of the vitreous cortex from the retina (PVD), three eyes in group B(60.0%) showed partial PVD, and no PVD was detected in group C and all control eyes. On electroretinogram no significant difference was found in amplitude and latency of a-(or b-) wave in both experimental and control eyes, between before and after experiments. No evidence of ocular or retinal toxicity was revealed by light or scanning electronic microscopy in all eyes.

CONCLUSIONVitreous injection of hyaluronidase combined with perfluoroethane, as a safety method, can induce posterior vitreous detachment without mechanical vitrectomy.

Animals ; Electroretinography ; Female ; Fluorocarbons ; pharmacology ; Hyaluronoglucosaminidase ; pharmacology ; Male ; Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Rabbits ; Vitreous Body ; drug effects ; surgery ; ultrastructure ; Vitreous Detachment ; etiology