T were also detected in the controls.Conclusion Nephrotic syndrome may be associated with NPHS2 identified in children.

Objective To observe tigecycline (TGC),minocycline (MH)and polymyxin B (PB)in vitro antibacterial activity of pan-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (PDR-Ab)for clinical treatment,provide the basis for infection control.Methods Collected 76 patients’clinical specimens used for no repeat count of isolation and identification with pan-resistant Acineto-bacter baumannii in Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital from October 2013 to March 2013.Used tigecycline,minocycline and polymyxin B to do susceptibility testing with disk diffusion method (KB).Results 76 pan-resistant Acinetobacter bau-mannii ,sensitive to the rate for tigecycline and polymyxin B were 100% sensitivity rate of minocycline and intermediary rates were 67.11%,27.63%.Conclusion Tigecycline,minocycline and polymyxin B for the Pan-resistant Acinetobacter bau-mannii had good in vitro antibacterial activity.It provide a reference for clinical pan-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infec-tions caused by diseases treatment.

Objective: This review aimed to provide a current recommendation to multidisciplinary physicians for early detection, diagnosis, and treatment of corticosteroid?induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) based on a comprehensive analysis of the clinical literature. Data Sources: For the purpose of collecting potentially eligible articles, we searched for articles in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and CNKI databases up to February 2017, using the following key words: "corticosteroid", "osteonecrosis of the femoral head","risk factors", "diagnosis", "prognosis", and "treatment". Study Selection: Articles on relationships between corticosteroid and ONFH were selected for this review. Articles on the diagnosis, prognosis, and intervention of earlier?stage ONFH were also reviewed. Results: The incidence of corticosteroid?induced ONFH was associated with high doses of corticosteroids, and underlying diseases in certain predisposed individuals mainly occurred in the first 3 months of corticosteroid prescription. The enhanced awareness and minimized exposure to the established risk factors and earlier definitive diagnosis are essential for the success of joint preservation. When following up patients with ONFH, treatment should be started if necessary. Surgical treatment yielded better results than conservative therapy in earlier?stage ONFH. The ideal purpose of earlier intervention and treatment is permanent preservation of the femoral head without physical restrictions in daily living. Conclusions: Clinicians should enhance their precaution awareness of corticosteroid?induced ONFH. For high?risk patients, regular follow?up is very important in the 1st year after high?dose prescription of corticosteroids. Patients with suspected ONFH should be referred to orthopedists for diagnosis and treatment in its earlier stage to preserve the joint.

BACKGROUNDMagnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is one method that can examine noninvasively the alive specimen of the organ, metabolism of the organ and cell, and the biochemistry change. MRS provides the biochemistry information that may be used to diagnose tumors or differentiate the malignant tumor from benign. The objective of this study is to investigate the benign and malignant bone and soft tissue tumors by 1H-MR spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS) on a 3 Tesla MR scanner, then to assess the usefulness of (1)H-MRS in diagnosing bone and soft tissue tumors and distinguishing benign from malignant tumors.

METHODSFifty-six patients with bone and soft tissue tumors proved clinically and pathologically were examined with (1)H-MRS. (1)H-MRS was performed to study malignant musculoskeletal tumors, benign tumors and normal muscle adjacent to lesions to analyze the characteristics, and single-voxel point-resolved spectroscopy sequence was used. Proton brain exam-single voxel of (1)H-MRS which directly appeared in the spectrum, was observed to find the peak height of choline compounds (Cho) opposite to the creatine (Cr), and whether there was a Cho peak. Metabolite values were calculated automatically from the area under each metabolite peak by the Functool 3.1 software. Metabolite ratios of Cho/Cr were manually calculated. Then according to the results, it was judged whether there existed benign or malignant tumors. The Kappa statistical test was used to analyze the MRS results, the histopathology data and the surgical situation. Statistics processing was performed using the software package SPSS11.5 for Windows.

RESULTS(1)H-MRS spectra style of bone and soft tissue tumors was different from that of normal muscle, and differences also existed between benign and malignant tumors. Choline level in malignant tumor was markedly higher than that in benign tumors. Cho/Cr in malignant tumor was higher than in benign tumor significantly (P < 0.05). The true positive rate of bone and soft tissue between benign and malignant tumors was 34/36, the true negative rate was 15/18, the false positive rate was 3/18 and the false negative rate was 2/36. Therefore in the group, sensitivity of the (1)H-MRS was 94% (34/36), specificity was 83% (15/18), positive predictive value was 92% (34/37), negative predictive value was 88% (15/17) and the accuracy rate was 91% (49/54). The MRS results and the histopathology inspection conclusions had very good uniformity. The kappa value was 0.76 +/- 0.10 (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSThe increase of Cho level measured by (1)H-MRS is related to the bone and soft tissue malignant tumor. Cho/Cr in malignant tumor was higher than in benign tumor, so they will play a vital role in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of bone and soft tissue tumors.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Brain Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Choline ; metabolism ; Creatine ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Soft Tissue Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo establish a probabilistic model for evaluation of dietary exposure to lead and construct age-related exposure centiles for the residents in Jiangsu.

METHODSLead contamination data were obtained from the national food contamination monitoring program during 2001 - 2006 and 2791 samples from 232 food products in Jiangsu were included. Food consumption data were from the national diet and nutrition survey conducted in 2002, including 3938 subjects in Jiangsu. A non-parametric probabilistic model using Monte Carlo simulation was applied to derive the intake distribution. The intake data was then analyzed using the LMS method, which constructs exposure percentiles adjusted for the median (M), the coefficient of variation (S) and the skewness (L) of the intake distribution.

RESULTSThe median and P(99) of the lead exposure for the residents in Jiangsu were 1.02 µg×kg(-1)×d(-) and 9.29 µg×kg(-1)×d(-1), respectively.6.38% of the total population showed to have a lead intake exceeding the tolerable limit, which for the urban and rural population were 4.31% and 7.06%, respectively. The exceeding rate for children of 2 - 10 years old from the urban and rural areas were 13.17% and 17.70%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThere was a large variation in the lead exposure level of the population in Jiangsu; People in rural areas are in greater risk for higher lead exposure than urban people; The dietary exposure to lead for children and the high-end population was serious.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Environmental Exposure ; Food Contamination ; analysis ; Humans ; Lead ; analysis ; Risk Assessment

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relative factors for hidden blood loss (HBL) after primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

METHODSA retrospective study of 422 consecutive patients who underwent primary TKA between October 2007 and August 2009 was carried on. There were 60 male and 362 female patients with a mean age of 65.7 years. The HBL was calculated according to Gross formula. The effect of patient gender, age, body mass index (BMI), pre-operative diagnosis, unilateral or simultaneous bilateral TKA, tourniquet time, type of prosthesis, postoperative anticoagulation method and deep vein thrombosis (DVT) on the postoperative HBL were analyzed.

RESULTSThe HBL in patients underwent unilateral TKA was significantly lower than that in those underwent simultaneous bilateral TKA [(1284 ± 207) ml vs. (2248 ± 504) ml, P = 0.000]. Unvaried analysis showed that the HBL were associated with BMI, tourniquet time, prosthesis type and postoperative anticoagulation method. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the impact factors of postoperative HBL include BMI, tourniquet time and prosthesis type.

CONCLUSIONSBMI, bilateral simultaneous TKA, tourniquet time and intercondylar open prosthesis impact the HBL after primary TKA. However, the influence of gender, age, diagnosis, postoperative anticoagulation method and DVT on the HBL are not significant.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteoarthritis, Knee ; surgery ; Postoperative Hemorrhage ; Regression Analysis ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect and the possible mechanism underlying the promotional effect of Astragalus membranaceus and Panax notoginseng on the transformation of bone narrow stem cells and proliferation of EPC.

METHODThe marrow blood was collected in the patients with ischemia of lower limbs and BM-MNCs were separated and proliferated under different conditions. A. morphologic observation was performed and the ratio of CD34+ cells was measured.

RESULTThe shuttle shaped cells lined up as bunches with several round cells scattered. The ratio of CD34+ cells was significantly increased in groups treated with medium (P < 0.01) and lower (P < 0.05) dosages of A. membranaceus and medium (P < 0.01) and high dosages (P < 0.01) of P. notoginseng respectively as compared with control group.

CONCLUSIONA. membranaceus and P. notoginseng can promote the transformation and proliferation of EPC.

Antigens, CD34 ; metabolism ; Astragalus membranaceus ; chemistry ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Endothelial Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Ginsenosides ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Humans ; Panax notoginseng ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of electromagnetic radiation on the physiological indices and immune function of operators.

METHODSThe general conditions and electromagnetic radiation awareness rate of 205 operators under electromagnetic radiation were evaluated using a self-designed questionnaire. Physical examination, electrocardiography, and routine urine test were performed in these operators. Peripheral blood was collected from the operators under electromagnetic radiation for blood cell counting and biochemical testing, and their peripheral blood lymphocytes were cultured for determination of chromosomal aberrant frequency and micronucleus frequency. The data from these operators (exposure group) were compared with those of 95 ordinary individuals (control group).

RESULTSThe chief complaint of giddiness, tiredness, dizziness, and amnesia showed significant differences between the exposure group and control group (P < 0.01), and the difference in headache became larger with an increase in working years. The awareness rate of electromagnetic radiation damage was significantly higher in the exposure group than in the control group. The difference in bradycardia was significant between the two groups (P <0.01), and the incidence was higher with longer working years. Significant differences between the two groups were also found in the numbers of individuals with elevated alanine aminotransferase, total bilirubin, and direct bilirubin (P < 0.01), populations with increased lymphocyte ratio and decreased neutrophil ratio (P < 0.01), populations with positive occult blood, urobilinogen, and bilirubin tests, and the number of individuals with increased micronucleus frequency of cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes (P < 0.01). In addition, the exposure group had significantly increased complement C3 and C4 (P < 0.01), significantly increased IgG (P < 0.05), and significantly decreased IgM (P < 0.01), as compared with the control group.

CONCLUSIONElectromagnetic radiation may lead to the changes in physiological indices, genetic effects, and immune function and affect the health and immune function in operators. The adverse effects are increased as the working years increase. So it is important to strengthen occupational protection of operators under electromagnetic radiation.

Adult ; Chromosome Aberrations ; radiation effects ; Electromagnetic Radiation ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; radiation effects ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; Young Adult

Virus isolate G6 was obtained from Hibiscus rosa-sinensis showing yellow and leaf curl symptoms in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province. The complete nucleotide sequence of DNA-A was determined to be 2 737 nucleotides encoding six potential ORFs. Comparison showed that G6 DNA-A had more than 89% sequence identify with all isolates of Cotton leaf curl Multan virus (CLCuMV) and shared the highest sequence identify (96.1%) with CLCuMV isolate 62. G6 DNA-A had 87.1%-89.8% sequence identity with those of CLCuRV isolates, while less than 87% identities with other begomoviruses. Phylogenetic analysis of G6 DNA-A and selected begomoviruses showed that G6 was most closely related to CLCuMV isolates, and they clustered together as a separate branch. Satellite DNA molecule (G6 DNAbeta) was found to be associated with G6 using the primers beta01 and beta02. G6 DNAbeta contains 1346 nucleotides, with a potential functional ORF (C1) in complementary sense DNA. Pairwise comparison indicated that G6 DNAbeta had the highest sequence identities with CLCuMV DNAbeta (92.1%) and CLCuRV DNAbeta (88.7%), but less than 80% sequence identities with other reported satellite DNA molecules. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that G6 DNAbeta was most closely related to CLCuMV DNAbeta and the two DNAbetas clustered together as a separate branch, and formed the main branch with DNAbeta of CLCuRV and MYVV-Y47. It is concluded that G6 infecting Hibiscus rosa-sinensis is an isolate of CLCuMV.
Base Sequence ; DNA, Satellite ; chemistry ; DNA, Viral ; chemistry ; Geminiviridae ; classification ; genetics ; Gossypium ; virology ; Hibiscus ; virology ; Phylogeny

OBJECTIVETo investigate the therapeautic effect of damage control orthopaedics (DCO) applicated to thoracolumbar burst fracture complicated with severe polytrauma.

METHODSTwenty-one patients with severe polytrama including 15 males and 6 females with an average age of 40-years-old ranging from 20 to 60 years, were treated by immediate fluid resuscitation and emergency simple operation so as to control the bleeding and contamination. According to Frankel grade of spinal nerves function, 3 cases were grade A, 3 were grade B, 9 were grade C, 6 were grade D. Ten cases were performed to open abdominal operation, 6 cases underwent closed negative pressure drainage thorough chest, 2 cases with lung rupture were treated by repairing operation. During operation, 9 cases were treated with by external fixation and 5 cases were skeletal traction or external fixation with plaster support for extremities fractures. After emergency operation, the patients were transported into surgical intensive care unit (SICU), and corrected the hypothermia, acidosis and coagulation. The definitive thoracolumbar operation was performed between 5 to 7 days as soon as the vital signs became stable.

RESULTSAmong 21 cases, trauma hemorrhagic shock was corrected rapidly in 18 cases and 3 cases died in 4 to 26 hours. The survival rate was about 85.7% (18/21). Eighteen patients were followed up for 6 to 14 months with an average of 10 months. According to Frankel grading, 3 cases were grade A, 2 cases were grade B, 3 cases were grade C, 3 cases were grade D, 7 cases were grade E.

CONCLUSIONIt may increase the therapy achievement rate excellently and decrease the disabled rate that performing damage control orthopaedics (DCO) timely, relifing the compression on the spinal cord and re-establishing the stability of spinal column as early as possible.

Adult ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; injuries ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Trauma ; etiology ; surgery ; Orthopedic Procedures ; Spinal Fractures ; complications ; surgery ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; injuries ; surgery ; Young Adult