OBJECTIVETo evaluate the short term effectiveness of lumbar disc herniation by Coflex.

METHODSFrom December 2007 to June 2008, 31 patients (16 males and 15 females) were treated by Coflex. The average age was 51.4 years (range, 33 - 70 years). The average period of follow-up was 10 months. To evaluate the short term effectiveness of lumbar disc herniation by Coflex by JOA, VAS, the conventional radiography and oswestry disability index (ODI).

RESULTSThe average JOA score increased from 9.1 +/- 1.1 preoperatively to 26.4 +/- 1.7 at 6 month postoperatively. ODI decreased from 24.7 +/- 4.8 preoperatively to averaged 4.5 +/- 1.1 at 6 months postoperatively. The VAS score decreased from 7.9 +/- 0.8 to 3.0 +/- 0.9. The clinical symptoms after operation were improved significantly. There were statistically significant differences between the preoperative and postoperative HD (height of dorso- intervertebral discs), DS(distance across the two adjacent spinous processes), DI (distance of intervertebral foramina). The average HD increased from (7.9 +/- 1.1) mm preoperatively to (10.8 +/- 1.3) mm after operation. The average DS increased from (28.3 +/- 2.4) mm preoperatively to (36.4 +/- 1.7) mm postoperatively. The average DI changed from (18.8 +/- 1.0) mm preoperatively to (21.6 +/- 1.7) mm postoperatively. Complications occurred in 3 patients (9.6%). One case complained of persistent low back pain. One case showed opposite lower limb pain in 3 weeks after operation, and was cured after appropriate treatment. One case had the loosening of Coflex in 6 months after surgery, but did not appear related clinical symptoms.

CONCLUSIONCoflex for lumbar disc herniation can increase the HD and DI significantly, and it has positive meaning for keeping height of lumbar vertebral space and treating the nerve root symptom of lumbar disc herniation.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Internal Fixators ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; surgery ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To investigate and analyze the prevalence, patterns and associated factors of domestic violence against married women in Wenzhou area. Methods a total of 705 married women took part in this cross-sectional study conducted in 2018. Conflict Tactics Scales and several short demographic questions were used in this study to collect basic information and the occurence of domestic violence within 12 months. Results Nearly 40% of married women experienced at least one incident of domestic violence during the past 12 months. 33.8% of respondents experiencing one episode of psychological violence in the past 12 months, followed by 19.5% experienced physical violence and 14.9%of sexual violence. The joint occurrence of multiple forms of violence was the most commonly reported features experiencing domestic violence. Some individual (education and Hukou), marital relationship (marital satisfaction, duration of marriage, marital autonomy marital models) and family (family model and sex roles) factors of the respondents, were negatively or positively associated with domestic violence against married women. Conclusion The results indicated that there was a high rate of domestic violence among married women in Wenzhou area. Accordingly, there is an obvious need of intervention and treatment activities to prevent and reduce the occurrence of domestic violence among the married women.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the mid-term clinical outcomes of minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) with unilateral pedicle screw fixation for lower lumbar degenerative diseases.

METHODSFrom April 2004 to December 2005, minimally invasive TLIF through paramedian approach with unilateral pedicle screw fixation was performed in a consecutive series of 43 patients, including 24 male and 19 female, aging from 38 to 71 years, with an average age of 49 years. The length of surgical incision was 3 cm. The operation level at L(3-4) were 3 cases, L(4-5) 27 cases, L(5)-S(1) 13 cases and no case was at multilevel. Clinical outcomes were assessed by ODI scores and JOA questionnaires before and after operation. Operation time, intraoperative blood loss, incision status and complications were recorded. Radiological examination was obtained for each patient to assess the height of intervertebral space, postoperative intervertebral fusion conditions and the degeneration of adjacent segments.

RESULTSThe mean operation time was 110 minutes, the mean blood loss was 150 ml and all the incisions were healed primarily. The follow-up time ranged from 36 to 58 months. The ODI scores decreased significantly from 60 ± 10 preoperatively to 12 ± 4 postoperatively (P < 0.01). The JOA scores were improved remarkably from 9.6 ± 2.2 preoperatively to 23.8 ± 2.0 postoperatively (P < 0.01) and the proportion with optimal effect was 86%. The ventral and dorsal heights of intervertebral disc were significantly higher than those before operation (P < 0.01). The fusion rate was 94%. The incidence of adjacent segment degeneration was 17%. There were no complications such as secondary scoliosis, screw loosening, internal fixation failure and cage slippage.

CONCLUSIONSThe minimally invasive TLIF through paramedian approach with unilateral pedicle screw fixation is an effective and convenient method with little surgical trauma. The mid-term follow up results showed favorable outcomes in patients receiving this surgery.

Adult ; Aged ; Bone Screws ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fusion ; methods ; Spondylolisthesis ; etiology ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo assess the clinical outcomes of Coflex interspinous dynamic internal fixation and the imaging changes for degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis.

METHODSFrom October 2007 to February 2009, 30 patients with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis were treated with Coflex interspinous dynamic internal fixation, including 17 males and 13 females with an average age of 45 years (range, 39 to 65 years). The operation level at L4,5 were 20 cases, L5S1 9 cases and 1 case was in both the two levels. The ODI scores and JOA questionnaires were assessed before and after operation. The radiological measurement included ventral and dorsal intervertebral space height, segmental intervertebral angles formed by lines drawn on the upper and lower endplates of the instrumented and adjacent levels on flexion-extension radiographs; the area of spinal canal, dural sac, the sagittal and transverse diameter of the spinal canal and dural sac on CT scan. All the patients were treated with limited laminectomy and were implanted with Coflex device.

RESULTSAll the patients were followed up for 5 to 19 months. There were significant differences in the ODI scores and the JOA questionnaires by paired t-test (P<0.01). All the patients were satisfied with surgical outcomes except 3 patients whose pain were not obviously relieved and need drugs or block therapy; 3 patient complaining of progressive hypoesthesia. There were no complications associated with the Coflex device. The height of dorso-intervertebral disc was increased obviously while the range of motion in adjacent levels was not increased on flexion-extension radiographs; the area of spinal canal and dural sac were significantly increased.

CONCLUSIONIt shows a good clinical result to release the degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis symptoms and decrease short-term complications by using Coflex device. It is available for patients with increasing the intervertebral space, area of spinal canal and preventing the adjacent segment degeneration.

Adult ; Aged ; Decompression, Surgical ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Internal Fixators ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radiography ; Spinal Stenosis ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) on the changes of respiration and expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in brainstem induced by hypoxia in the rats. Hypoxia was induced by inhalation of 8% O2-balanced N2.The electromyogram (EMG) of diaphragm was monitored to evaluate the respiratory response of the rats to hypoxia. The immunohistochemical staining technique was used to study the change of the expression of nNOS in the brainstem during hypoxia. In the rats of hypoxia group, a successive process of response, excitatory followed by inhibitory, was produced. Twenty min after hypoxia, a significant inhibition of respiration occurred, which was characterized with a marked decrease in the inspiratory duration, the respiratory frequency, and the amplitude of inspiration and a prolongation of expiratory duration (P<0.05). In the rats of pretreated with TMP, the respiratory activity was not obviously depressed (P>0.05). In the rats of hypoxia group, the level of nNOS immunoreactivity was enhanced remarkably in the lateral reticular nucleus, nucleus of trapezoid, hypoglossal nucleus and the facial nucleus compared with the control group (P<0.05). In the rats of pretreated with TMP, the nNOS level increased further in the nuclei mentioned above (P<0.05). The results obtained indicate that TMP can reverse the inhibitory effect of hypoxia on respiration in the rats and that nNOS may be involved in the respiratory protective action of TMP.
Animals ; Brain Stem ; enzymology ; physiopathology ; Female ; Hypoxia ; physiopathology ; Male ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I ; genetics ; metabolism ; Pyrazines ; pharmacology ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Respiration ; drug effects ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; prevention & control

OBJECTIVETo compare clinical efficacy between discectomy and discectomy plus Coflex fixation for lumbar disc herniation.

METHODSFrom December 2007 to August 2008, 50 patients (31 males and 19 females) were treated by surgery of discectomy and discectomy plus Coflex fixation. The average age was 52.5 years (range, 30 - 72 years). There were 24 cases in the group of discectomy plus Coflex fixation and 26 cases in the group of discectomy. Preoperative and postoperative visual analogue scales (VAS), Japanese Orthopadic Association (JOA) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) were recorded, as well as radiological index. And use a paired t-test and one-way analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA) statistical method to evaluate the Coflex dynamic stabilization system in value in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation.

RESULTSBoth groups received significant improvement of JOA, ODI and VAS (t = -33.2 - 64.5, P < 0.01), but the group of discectomy was found with deterioration of ODI at last follow-up, 12 months after surgery 6.7 ± 1.5 to 10.2 ± 2.3 (t = -19.3, P < 0.05). The group of discectomy plus Coflex fixation was found with significant increase of height of dorsal intervertebral discs (HD), distance across the two adjacent spinous processes (DS), distance of intervertebral foramina (DIF) and spinal canal area(SA) (t = -34.4 - 4.5, P < 0.05). In contrast, the group of discectomy was found with significant decrease of HD, DS, DIF and SA (t = 3.4 - 52.8, P < 0.05). Coflex fixed group in HD, DIF, DS significant difference with simple discectomy group, with a statistically significant (F = 14.1 - 25.6, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSBoth discectomy and discectomy plus Coflex fixation are apparently effective when treating lumbar disc herniation. Coflex can significantly increase the HD and DIF when used for lumbar disc herniation, and it has positive influence for keeping height of lumbar vertebral space and treating the nerve root symptom of lumbar disc herniation. Discectomy plus Coflex is better than pure discectomy in preventing lumbar degeneration.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Internal Fixators ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; surgery ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo explore the mechanisms of Chinese herbal medicine Sanqi Oral Liquid, composed of Astragalus membranaceus and Panpax notoginseng, in alleviating renal injury by observing its effect on the expressions of CD4(+), CD8(+) and CD68(+) cells in 5/6 nephrectomized rats with chronic renal failure.

METHODSA total of 102 SD rats were randomly divided into six groups: three treatment groups were administrated with high, medium and low dosage of Sanqi Oral Liquid respectively by gavage; a normal group, a 5/6 nephrectomized model group, and a group treated with coated aldehyde oxygenstarch were used as controls. Following oral administration of Sanqi Oral Liquid for 12 weeks, the general condition and renal pathological changes were observed, and the renal function, platelet count (PLT) and the expressions of CD4(+), CD8(+) and CD68(+) cells were determined for each group.

RESULTSThere were proliferation of mesangial matrix, renaltubularnecrosis and obvious tubulointerstitial fibrosis in the model group, and they were much milder in the treatment groups. Compared with the model group, the amounts of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Scr) and PLT in the treatment groups decreased (P<0.05 for all); and in the group administrated of medium dosage of Sanqi Oral Liquid, the expression of CD4(+) cells was up-regulated and those of CD8(+) and CD68(+) cells were down-regulated (P<0.05 for all), leading to an increased ratio of CD4(+)/CD8(+)(P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONSanqi Oral Liquid has a significant effect on regulating lymphocyte subsets, reducing the infiltration of macrophages in renal tissues and alleviating tubulointerstitial fibrosis, and this may be one of mechanisms of Sanqi Oral Liquid in delaying the progression of chronic kidney diseases.

Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic ; metabolism ; Astragalus membranaceus ; chemistry ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; drug effects ; pathology ; physiology ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; drug effects ; pathology ; physiology ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; drug therapy ; immunology ; pathology ; surgery ; Lymphocyte Count ; Male ; Nephrectomy ; Panax notoginseng ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Solutions

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and safety of endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), and to compare the prognosis between patients of different ages.

METHODSThe hospitalization and follow-up data of 81 AAA patients treated by EVAR from May 2005 to May 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. All the patients were divided into advanced age group (age ≥ 75 years, 24 cases) and relatively young group (age < 75 years, 57 cases). General conditions, comorbidity, procedure, in-hospital complications, and follow-up were compared between these two groups.

RESULTSAll covered stents were successfully deployed, a technical success rate of 91.4% (74/81) was achieved. There was no intraoperative death. In-hospital mortality was 1.2% (1/81). The follow-up rate was 91.4% (74/81), with a mean follow-up of 47.5 months. Twelve deaths were recorded during follow-up, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5-year survival rates were 98.6%, 92.2%, 80.8%, 58.7%, and 44.1%, respectively. When compared with relatively young group, the advanced age group had a lower rate of abdominal pain as the major symptom, but a higher rates of renal diseases and coronary artery diseases. Furthermore, the advanced age group had a longer stay in intensive care unit and higher morbidity of endoleaks, and also tended to have increased rates of pulmonary infection and access site hematoma, while the other parameters were similar between the two groups.

CONCLUSIONSEVAR of AAA is less invasive, safe, and effective during short to mid-tern follow-up. The patients of advanced age suffer from higher rates of some complications, thus careful perioperative preparation and intensive monitor are mandatory for preventing or treating potential complications and improving prognosis for these patients.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal ; surgery ; Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation ; adverse effects ; methods ; Endoleak ; etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Treatment Outcome

Objective: To evaluate the occupational health risk of organic solvents in major posts of printing industry, and to provide technical reference to take targeted risk control measures. Methods: In January 2021, the contact ratio method was used to assess the occupational health risk of organic solvents in the major posts of 84 printing enterprises in Shantou, and Monte Carto method was used to estimate the probability distribution of risk levels in the majorpostsin January 2021. Results: The highest probability of risk assessment in printing and membranecovering post is Level 4 (high risk) , which are 76.2% and 67.6% respectively; the highest probability of simulation evaluation result in oil blending, dispensing and cleaning post is Level 3 (medium risk) ; and the simulation evaluation result in glueing post are mostly Level 3 (medium risk) and Level 4 (high risk) , the probability of which are 45.7% and 54.3% respectively. Conclusion: The occupational health risk of organic solvents in the major posts is generally middle-high risk level, and then the occupational health risk control of organic solvents in major posts of printing industry should be strengthened.
Air Pollutants, Occupational/analysis* ; Industry ; Occupational Exposure/analysis* ; Occupational Health ; Risk Assessment ; Solvents

This study was aimed to isolate the strains with both disease resistance and growth-promoting, and clarify the field application effects of the strain for laying the further application foundation. The strains with good antagonistic effect were isolated from the 298 strains in Panax ginseng and the soil by plate confrontation method. The nitrogen fixation potential was verified by Ashby medium. The Salkowski method was used to determine the ability of producing IAA. Silicate medium screening and flame spectrophotometry was used to determine the ability of dissolving potassium. CAS method was applied to detect the ability of producing siderophores to determine its growth characteristics. The morphological, physiological and biochemical and 16S rRNA sequences were used to identify the species. The method of root irrigation was used to determine the effects of its disease control and growth-promoting on ginseng. A strain TY15 with broad spectrum of antimicrobial effect, nitrogen fixation, potassium-dissolving and the capacity of producing IAA and siderophores was obtained by screening. And the strain TY15 was identified as Pantoea agglomerans. The control effect of TY15 on the disease of ginseng in the field was 68.02%, which was equivalent to 68.94% of 30 billion per gram of beneficial microecological bacterium agent. The fresh weight of P. ginseng treated with TY15 strain was increased by 22.73% compared with the control group treated with water. And finally a strain TY15 with good application prospects was obtained.