T were also detected in the controls.Conclusion Nephrotic syndrome may be associated with NPHS2 identified in children.

Antineoplastic Agents ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Asparaginase ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Drug Administration Routes ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Forecasting ; Humans ; Leukemia ; drug therapy ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; drug therapy

Antineoplastic Agents ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Asparaginase ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Hypersensitivity ; prevention & control ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia ; chemically induced ; prevention & control ; Male ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; drug therapy ; Severity of Illness Index ; Time Factors ; Treatment Outcome

Testicular microlithiasis (TM) refers to the calcium deposits within the seminiferous tubules. Owing to the wide use of scrotal ultrasonography, more cases of TM have been diagnosed clinically. TM can be associated with many conditions, including cryptorchidism, infertility, varicocele, testicular torsion, Klinefelter's syndrome, intratubular germ cell neoplasia (IGCN) and testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT), and its frequent association with IGCN, TGCT and infertility is the particular concern of urologists and andrologists. The etiology of TM is not yet certain. Its biological meaning and clinical significance have not been well defined. Currently, there are controversies on the correlation of TM with IGCN, TGCT and infertility. This article reviews the definition, prevalence, etiology, and histopathology of TM, and summarized its association with IGCN, TGCT, and male infertility as well as the management of the disease.
Calculi ; diagnostic imaging ; Germinoma ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Scrotum ; diagnostic imaging ; Testicular Diseases ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; pathology ; Testicular Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; Ultrasonography

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of intraoperative methylprednisolone used in combination with perioperative enteral nutrition support in improving liver synthetic function after hepatectomy and postoperative recovery.Methods In this prospective controlled trial,79 patients treated with hepatectomy at Departement of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery in Drum Tower Hospital between June 2013 and May 2014 were included and divided into control group (n =39) and steroid group (n =40) according to the order of surgery.The control group underwent hepatectomy only,while the steroid group received intraoperative methylprednisolone (500 mg) at the start of liver excision.Both of the two groups were given the same perioperative enteral nutrition support.Liver function,prealbumin (PA),and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were measured before and on days 1,3,and 5 after the operation.Human blood albumin infusion volume,postoperative gas passing,postoperative hospital stay,and incidence of complications were recorded.Results The serum level of PA on day 3 after hepatectomy was significantly higher in the steroid group than in the control group [(101.26 ±61.17) mg/L vs.(81.84 ±43.58) mg/L,t =-1.607,P =0.049].The serum level of cholinesterase on day 1 after hepatectomy was significantly higher in the steroid group than in the control group [(5.60±1.54) kU/Lvs.(4.68±1.01) kU/L,t=-3.136,P=0.004].On day1 and day 3 after hepatectomy,the serum levels of CRP were significantly lower in the steroid group than in the control group [(41.79 ±20.86) mg/L vs.(62.08 ±38.33) mg/L,t =2.933,P=0.027;(64.14 ±32.38) mg/L vs.(102.64 ± 49.05) mg/L,t =4.127,P =0.006].The postoperative hospital stay was significantly shorter in the steroid group than in the control group [(12.62 ±5.74) d vs.(15.41 ± 10.00)d,t =1.514,P =0.002].Conclusion Intraoperative use of methylprednisolone combined with perioperative enteral nutrition support may inhibit postoperative inflammatory response,promote early recovery of liver synthetic function,and help to promote rehabilitation after hepatectomy.

Objective To observe tigecycline (TGC),minocycline (MH)and polymyxin B (PB)in vitro antibacterial activity of pan-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (PDR-Ab)for clinical treatment,provide the basis for infection control.Methods Collected 76 patients’clinical specimens used for no repeat count of isolation and identification with pan-resistant Acineto-bacter baumannii in Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital from October 2013 to March 2013.Used tigecycline,minocycline and polymyxin B to do susceptibility testing with disk diffusion method (KB).Results 76 pan-resistant Acinetobacter bau-mannii ,sensitive to the rate for tigecycline and polymyxin B were 100% sensitivity rate of minocycline and intermediary rates were 67.11%,27.63%.Conclusion Tigecycline,minocycline and polymyxin B for the Pan-resistant Acinetobacter bau-mannii had good in vitro antibacterial activity.It provide a reference for clinical pan-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infec-tions caused by diseases treatment.

Hemospermia refers to the macroscopic presence of blood in semen, which may be associated with male genital tract, lower urinary tract and systemic diseases. Hemospermia is prevalent in young males. It is mostly a benign lesion and self-limited symptom, requiring only basic investigations and simple management. But in a few patients, it may be the primary symptom of urogenital malignancy. Therefore in patients older than 40 years, or in those with persistent or recurrent hemospermia, further investigation should be conducted by imaging and endoscopic examinations to make definite etiological diagnosis and give corresponding treatment. This article reviews the etiology, initial diagnostic workup, imaging techniques and endoscopic examination of hemospermia, and summeries its management.
Hemospermia ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Humans ; Male

To study the telomerase activity in the bone marrow MNCs from patients with myelodysplastic syndromes in comparison with that in normal individuals and acute leukemia patients. The intracellular telomerase activity was semi-quantitatively examined by PCR-ELISA assay in the marrow cells of 20 normal individuals, 21 cases of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and 32 cases of acute leukemia. Telomerase activity in normal marrow cells was 0 - 0.30 U, with a mean level of (0.11 +/- 0.08) U, in which 3 cases were considered positive according to the standard set by the Kit. In 32 acute leukemia patients, the mean level of telomerase activity was (0.42 +/- 0.26) U (ranged 0 - 0.96 U) with a positive rate of 78.1%, showing a significantly higher activity in acute leukemia (P < 0.01). Moderate telomerase activity was detected in 21 cases of MDS, with a mean level of (0.27 +/- 0.19) U (0 - 0.97 U) from which the positive rate was 66.7%. This value was significantly higher than that in the normal BM (P < 0.05). Moreover, a significantly higher telomerase activity was shown in the high-risk group of MDS (P < 0.05). Based on the international scoring system evaluating the prognosis of MDS (IPPS), telomerase activity in HIGH subgroup was significantly higher than that in INT-1 and INT-2 subgroup (P < 0.05). The level of telomerase activity was not correlated to the chromosome aberrations. These results show that a borderline telomerase activity could be found in normal bone marrow cells. Telomerase activity was markedly higher in acute leukemia. BM of MDS patients demonstrated a moderate telomerase activity. Higher telomerase activity could be found in high-risk group and correlated with poor prognosis.

OBJECTIVESTo elucidate the possible involvement of monoamine neurotransmitters in the development of neurobehavioral damage produced by acrylonitrile in drinking water in male rat brains.

METHODSTotally 30 male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups, the control group (n = 10), low dosage group (n = 10), and high dosage group (n = 10), which were respectively administered 0 mg/L, 50 mg/L, 200 mg/L acrylonitrile (AN) in drinking water. The treatment was lasted for 12 weeks. Seven animals were randomly selected from each group for determination of monoamine neurotransmitters in striatum and cerebellum by high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detector and activities of monoamine oxidase in cortex.

RESULTSThe contents of dopamine in the striatum of low and high dosage groups were decreased to (2.2 +/- 0.7) and (3.2 +/- 2.0) microg/g wet tissue, respectively, and compared with that of control group (9.0 +/- 4.2) microg/g wet tissue, the differences were statistically significant. There were no statistical differences among the contents of dopamine in the cerebellum of all rats, and the levels of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), the major metabolite of dopamine in the cerebellum were (186 +/- 41), (245 +/- 90) and (115 +/- 65) ng/g wet tissue in the control, low and high dosage groups, respectively and in low-dosage group they were significantly higher than those in other groups. There was dosage-dependently decreasing of the contents of serotonin of striatum in the control (249 +/- 34) ng/g wet tissue, low dosage (155 +/- 95) ng/g wet tissue and high dosage groups (128 +/- 101) ng/g wet tissue.

CONCLUSIONThis study underlines the importance of alterations in the monoamine neurotransmitters system as a possible causative mechanism behind the behavioural and functional changes produced by acrylonitrile.

Acrylonitrile ; administration & dosage ; toxicity ; Animals ; Biogenic Monoamines ; metabolism ; Brain ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Carcinogens ; administration & dosage ; toxicity ; Cerebellum ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Corpus Striatum ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Dopamine ; metabolism ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drinking ; Male ; Neostriatum ; metabolism ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Serotonin ; metabolism

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignant tumor worldwise. The incidence rate of HCC is high and is easy to metastasis and recurrence, which seriously affects human health. Traditional chemical drugs have some challenges such as toxicity, side effects, and multidrug resistance, thus it is urgent to find new drugs and effective targets. Here we synthesized a novel chemical, protonic bis-phenanthroline (H-BP), and the antitumor effect was investigated in the study. The results showed that H-BP could selectively inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells and cause HCC apoptosis. And also, in HCC tumor-bearing mice, H-BP could effectively prevent the growth of tumor mass, even completely eliminate the tumor at medium dose (5 mg·kg^-1) and high dose (10 mg·kg^-1), and meanwhile H-BP has no significant effect on the body weight of mice. The experimental protocol was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Southwest University, and the experimental operation was strictly carried out in accordance with the ethical principles of animal use and care. Mechanism studies showed that H-BP induced HCC apoptosis was related to down-regulation the expression of pleomorphic adenoma gene like-2 (PLAGL2), a oncogene transcription factor, resulting in the down-regulation of PLAGL2 downstream proteins hypoxia inducible factor and β-catenin. This study not only introduces the dimerization method to form novel compounds that will provide a new approach for drug design, but also suggests that PLAGL2 may be an effective target in tumor therapy.