Objective To explore the effect of cytokine in the different prognosis of patients with severe influenza A ( H1N1 ) infection. Methods 28 cases with severe influenza A ( H1 N1 ) were enrolled in the study including 16 cured cases and 12 dead cases. The cytokine level in serum was detected by Luminex technology. Results The levels of IL-2, IL-12(P70) and IFN-γ in dead group was lower than cured and normal control group and the difference were significant, P ＜ 0.05, respectively. IL-4 level in the dead group was significantly lower than cured group and normal control group, P value was 0. 0310 and 0.0012, respectively. Conclusions The Th1 cytokine level in the severe 2009 epidemic H1N1 influeaze cases shows decreased trend, and the trend is more obvious in dead cases. The decrease of Th1 cytokine may be one of reasons leading to severe clinical situation and related with the bad prognosis.

The expression of immunological markers of one hematopoietic lineage on the abnormal cells of another lineage (cross-lineage expression) is a known feature of leukemia. The present study was aimed to investigate the cross-lineage expression in ALL cells. The cross-lineage expression in ALL cells from 505 patients was detected by flow cytometry using 23 monoclonal antibodies (McAbs) in triple staining combinations. The results showed that in whole ALL, the expression of myeloid antigens occurred in 56.4% of the cases, and CD13 was the most frequently expressed myeloid marker (32.7%) followed by CD33 (29.5%), CD15 (19.2%) and CD11b (7.7%). CD13/CD33 expressions were more frequent in CD34(+) cases than in CD34(-) cases. In B-ALL, T-cell antigen CD4, CD5, CD7 and CD2 were found in 27 (6.3%), 12 (2.8%), 8 (1.9%), and 6 (1.4%) cases respectively, and CD7(+), CD2(+) and CD4(+) cases commonly expressed CD13/CD33. In T-ALL, B-cell antigen cCD79a, CD19 and CD22 were found in 6 (8.1%), 5 (6.8%), and 2 (2.8%) cases respectively, and all of CD19(+) and CD22(+) cases were all accompanied with CD13/CD33. It is concluded that cross-lineage expression in ALL mostly exists in the immature stages, ALL cells more frequently express phenotypes B(+)M(+), T(+)M(+) and occasionally B(+)T(+)M(+), but B(+)T(+)M(-) phenotype is extremely rare.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; methods ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; immunology ; metabolism ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo analysis the clinic and genotype in two Chinese patients with Dyskeratosis congenita (DC).

METHODSThe two patients were characterized by mucocutaneous abnormalities (abnormal nails, lacey reticular pigmentation, and oral leukoplakia), bone marrow failure. They were diagnosed with DC. DC genes were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), including DKC1, TERT, TERC, TINF2, NOP10, NHP2, then DNA sequencing was performed for abnormal exons.

RESULTSAn abnormal peak was found in exon 6 of TINF2 gene of the two patients. DNA sequencing showed a 845G→A transition in TINF2 gene in the two patients.

CONCLUSIONWe should think about DC if the young patients with mucocutaneous abnormalities and marrow failure. TINF2 c.845G→A(R282H) does exist in the two patients. It is reported in China for the first time.

Base Sequence ; Child, Preschool ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Dyskeratosis Congenita ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Exons ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Telomere-Binding Proteins ; genetics

ObjectiveTo investigate the influencing factors of intestinal metaplasia or atypical hyperplasia in chronic atrophic gastritis （CAG） patients and establish a prediction model. MethodThe clinical records and laboratory examination data of 335 CAG patients treated in the department of gastroenterology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of the Anhui University of Chinese Medicine from June 2016 to June 2021 were collected. Single and multiple Logistic regression analyses were used to explore the influencing factors of intestinal metaplasia or atypical hyperplasia in CAG patients by SPSS 26.0. A prediction model was constructed based on the data of the related influencing factors. In addition, 115 CAG patients diagnosed in the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from June 2019 to June 2021 were selected as external validation samples to verify and evaluate the prediction efficiency of the constructed prediction model. ResultMultiple Logistic regression analysis showed that pepsinogen Ⅰ［odds ratio（OR） 0.994，95% confidence interval（CI） （0.990，0.999），P<0.05］，the number of focus［OR 6.765，95% CI（3.831，11.945），P<0.01］， and Helicobacter pylori （Hp） infection［OR 0.546，95% CI（0.335，0.888），P<0.05］ were independent risk factors for intestinal metaplasia or atypical hyperplasia in CAG patients（P<0.05）. The formula of the prediction model is as follows：P=-1.558+0.606×Hp infection-0.006×pepsinogen Ⅰ+1.912×the number of focus. The receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve showed the specific parameters as below： the area under the ROC curve of 0.76，the Youden index of 0.443，the best cut-off value of 0.52，sensitivity of 0.533，and specificity of 0.910. The prediction model was applied to the data of patients in the validation group for validation，and the predictive efficiency of the model was tested by decision curve analysis （DCA）. The results showed that the model had a good fit and high predictive value. ConclusionPepsinogen Ⅰ，the number of focus， and Hp infection are independent risk factors for intestinal metaplasia or atypical hyperplasia in CAG patients. The prediction model constructed based on these factors has a good fit and high predictive value，which can provide references for the classification of CAG patients and the formulation of individual treatment protocols.

Tumor is one of the serious problems threatening human health. There are some limitations in the delivery of commonly used tumor therapy technologies, and the therapeutic effect is not satisfactory, so new anti-tumor strategies need to be developed. The process of tumor cells using glycolysis to produce energy under aerobic conditions is called aerobic glycolysis, which is closely related to tumor growth, proliferation and metastasis, and can provide a new target spot for tumor treatment. Nano drug delivery system has been widely used in targeted tumor therapy because of its advantages of targeted drug delivery, improved anti-tumor efficacy and reduced toxic side effects. Numerous studies have shown that more and more nano drug delivery systems regulates aerobic glycolytic metabolism by targeting to potential targets such as signaling factors or reaction products of aerobic glycolytic process in tumors, and therefore enhance the anti-tumor effect. This paper reviews the application of nano drug delivery system in regulating tumor aerobic glycolysis, and provides theoretical references for realizing efficient targeted tumor therapy.

OBJECTIVE: To establish and evaluate the model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with osteoporosis induced by elastase in mice. METHODS: Twenty four healthy female 8-week-old C57BL / 6 mice (weighing about 18 g) were randomly divided into three groups. The control group was given intratracheal drip of normal saline, the experimental group 1 and the experimental group 2 were given intratracheal drip of elastase, the control group and the experimental group 1 were kept for 8 weeks and then killed, the experimental group 2 was kept for 12 weeks and then killed. HE staining was used to evaluate the histopathological changes of lung and tibia in the control and experimental groups. The levels of serum inflammatory factors and broncho alveolar lavage factors (BALF) were detected by ELISA. Micro CT was used to detect the bone mass related parameters of mouse femur. The expression of osteoclastic and osteogenic genes was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. RESULTS: Lung histopathology showed that the structure of alveoli in the experimental group was disordered, the walls of alveoli became thin or broken, and the alveoli cavity expanded. IL-6 and TNF-α in BALF were significantly higher than those in control group (<0.001), while IL-1β and TNF-α in serum inflammatory factors were significantly higher than those in control group (<0.001). BV / TV(bone volume fraction), TB.Th(average bone trabecular thickness) and TB.N(average bone trabecular number) in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group (<0.05), TB.Sp (average bone trabecular separation) and BS / BV (bone surface area fraction) in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group (<0.01). Compared with the control group, the expression of osteoclast related marker genes increased in the experimental group (<0.05), but decreased in the experimental group(<0.05). The results of experiment 1 and experiment 2 were time-dependent. CONCLUSION In this study, elastase was used to construct a COPD model with osteoporosis successfully, which provides a suitable animal model for the future study of the pathogenesis of COPD with osteoporosis.
Animals ; Bone Density ; Female ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Osteoporosis ; etiology ; Pancreatic Elastase ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; complications

ObjectiveTo explore the role of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 （TRPV1） channel in reducing cardiomyocyte toxicity of Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix processed with Chebulae Fructus. MethodH9c2 cardiomyocytes cultured in vitro were used as a model to assess cell viability by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium （MTT） assay， the expression of TRPV1 mRNA was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）， and the leakage rate of lactate dehydrogenase （LDH）， the changes of nucleus， reactive oxygen species （ROS）， mitochondrial membrane potential and Ca²⁺ contents were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. ResultCompared with the blank group， when the concentration was ≥0.5 g·L^-1， the cell viability was significantly decreased （P<0.01）， the leakage rate of LDH， the release of ROS and Ca²⁺ were increased， the mitochondrial membrane potential was decreased， and the nucleus was pyknosis or even broken in raw Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix and Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix processed with Chebulae Fructus groups. When the concentration was ≥0.5 g·L^-1， compared with the same mass concentration of raw Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix group， the cell viability increased significantly （P<0.01）， the leakage rate of LDH， the release of ROS and Ca²⁺ decreased， the mitochondrial membrane potential increased， and the nuclear morphology improved in Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix processed with Chebulae Fructus group. Application of the same mass concentration of raw Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix to H9c2 cardiomyocytes pretreated with the TRPV1 inhibitor BCTC significantly increased cell viability， decreased leakage rate of LDH， ROS and Ca²⁺ release， increased mitochondrial membrane potential and improved nuclear pyknosis compared with untreated H9c2 cardiomyocytes. Application of the same mass concentration of Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix processed with Chebulae Fructus to H9c2 cardiomyocytes pretreated with BCTC decreased cell viability， increased LDH leakage rate， ROS and Ca²⁺ release， reduced mitochondrial membrane potential compared with untreated H9c2 cardiomyocytes. Real-time PCR results showed that both raw Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix and Chebulae Fructus decoction could increase the expression of TRPV1 mRNA in cardiomyocytes in a concentration dependent manner. ConclusionRaw Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix can induce cardiomyocyte apoptosis and cardiotoxicity by activating TRPV1 channel， while Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix processed with Chebulae Fructus can attenuate the toxicity through TRPV1 channel， which may be related to the synergistic effect of acid components in Chebulae Fructus and alkaloids in Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix on TRPV1 channel.

Objective: To understand the changes in pain and its effects in patients with the diagnosis of herpes zoster. Methods: A total of 3 487 patients diagnosed with herpes zoster (HZ) for the first time at the outpatient department of Miyun District Hospital from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2019, were included in the study. The information of patients was registered and issued with a record card. Patients were required to record the time of pain and rash by themselves. Telephone follow-up was conducted at 21, 90, 180 and 365 days after the onset of rashes, including hospitalization, location of rash and pain, and the time of start and end. The impact of pain on life was evaluated by the Zoster Brief Pain Inventory (ZBPI). Results: The age of 2 999 HZ patients included in the analysis were (53±16) years old, including 1 377 (45.91%) males and 1 903 (63.45%) patients aged 50 years and older. After 21 days of rash, mild, moderate and severe pain accounted for 20.87% (626 cases), 37.98% (1 139 cases) and 33.81% (1 014 cases), respectively. Only 5.07% (152 cases) had no pain or discomfort, and 2.27% (68 cases) had no pain but discomfort. Most of the pain sites were consistent with the rash sites. The chest and back and waist and abdomen were the most common, accounting for 35.58% (1 067 cases) and 29.18% (875 cases), respectively, followed by the limbs and face and neck, accounting for 16.74% (502 cases) and 16.40% (492 cases), respectively. The M (Q₁, Q₃) of pain days in the HZ patients was 14 (8, 20) days, and the incidence of post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN) was 6.63% (171/2 580) (excluding 419 patients who refused to visit or lost to visit on 90 days after the onset of rash). The pain score of HZ patients within 21 days after the rash was (5.19±2.73) points, and the pain score of PHN patients was (7.61±2.13) points, which was significantly higher than that of non-PHN patients [(5.04±2.69) points] (P<0.001). Daily activities, emotions, walking ability, work, social interaction, sleep and recreation were affected for 21 days after the rash in HZ patients, ranging from 60.79% to 83.83%, with sleep being the most affected (83.83%). The impact scores of pain and life dimensions in PHN patients ranged from 4.59 to 7.61 points on the ZBPI scale, which were higher than those in non-PHN patients (2.49-5.04) (t values ranged from 8.86 to 11.67, all P values <0.001). Conclusion: The proportion of pain in HZ patients after the diagnosis is high, and the pain is more obvious in patients with PHN and HZ patients aged 50 and older, which has a greater impact on their daily lives.
Male ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Adult ; Female ; Beijing ; Follow-Up Studies ; Herpes Zoster/epidemiology* ; Pain/epidemiology* ; Exanthema

Objective: To understand the changes in pain and its effects in patients with the diagnosis of herpes zoster. Methods: A total of 3 487 patients diagnosed with herpes zoster (HZ) for the first time at the outpatient department of Miyun District Hospital from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2019, were included in the study. The information of patients was registered and issued with a record card. Patients were required to record the time of pain and rash by themselves. Telephone follow-up was conducted at 21, 90, 180 and 365 days after the onset of rashes, including hospitalization, location of rash and pain, and the time of start and end. The impact of pain on life was evaluated by the Zoster Brief Pain Inventory (ZBPI). Results: The age of 2 999 HZ patients included in the analysis were (53±16) years old, including 1 377 (45.91%) males and 1 903 (63.45%) patients aged 50 years and older. After 21 days of rash, mild, moderate and severe pain accounted for 20.87% (626 cases), 37.98% (1 139 cases) and 33.81% (1 014 cases), respectively. Only 5.07% (152 cases) had no pain or discomfort, and 2.27% (68 cases) had no pain but discomfort. Most of the pain sites were consistent with the rash sites. The chest and back and waist and abdomen were the most common, accounting for 35.58% (1 067 cases) and 29.18% (875 cases), respectively, followed by the limbs and face and neck, accounting for 16.74% (502 cases) and 16.40% (492 cases), respectively. The M (Q₁, Q₃) of pain days in the HZ patients was 14 (8, 20) days, and the incidence of post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN) was 6.63% (171/2 580) (excluding 419 patients who refused to visit or lost to visit on 90 days after the onset of rash). The pain score of HZ patients within 21 days after the rash was (5.19±2.73) points, and the pain score of PHN patients was (7.61±2.13) points, which was significantly higher than that of non-PHN patients [(5.04±2.69) points] (P<0.001). Daily activities, emotions, walking ability, work, social interaction, sleep and recreation were affected for 21 days after the rash in HZ patients, ranging from 60.79% to 83.83%, with sleep being the most affected (83.83%). The impact scores of pain and life dimensions in PHN patients ranged from 4.59 to 7.61 points on the ZBPI scale, which were higher than those in non-PHN patients (2.49-5.04) (t values ranged from 8.86 to 11.67, all P values <0.001). Conclusion: The proportion of pain in HZ patients after the diagnosis is high, and the pain is more obvious in patients with PHN and HZ patients aged 50 and older, which has a greater impact on their daily lives.
Male ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Adult ; Female ; Beijing ; Follow-Up Studies ; Herpes Zoster/epidemiology* ; Pain/epidemiology* ; Exanthema

Inflammatory diseases (IDs) are a general term of diseases characterized by chronic inflammation as the primary pathogenetic mechanism, which seriously affect the quality of patient′s life and cause significant social and medical burden. Current drugs for IDs include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, corticosteroids, immunomodulators, biologics, and antioxidants, but these drugs may cause gastrointestinal side effects, induce or worsen infections, and cause non-response or intolerance. Given the outstanding performance of metal polyphenol network (MPN) in the fields of drug delivery, biomedical imaging, and catalytic therapy, its application in the diagnosis and treatment of IDs has attracted much attention and significant progress has been made. In this paper, we first provide an overview of the types of IDs and their generating mechanisms, then sort out and summarize the different forms of MPN in recent years, and finally discuss in detail the characteristics of MPN and their latest research progress in the diagnosis and treatment of IDs. This research may provide useful references for scientific research and clinical practice in the related fields.