AIM:To observe the efficacy of intravitreal conbercept injection for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).METHODS: Nine eyes of 9 patients diagnosed as chronic CSC between October 2015 to May 2016 were treated with an intravitreal injection of conbercept (0.5mg/0.05mL) (six patients were given the same does of intravitreal injection again at 1mo after the first injection).Follow-up observation was at 1, 2, and 6mo after injection.Observed indicators included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure, optical coherence tomography (OCT), fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), choroidal indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), macular fovea thickness (CMT), subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT).RESULTS:Seven of the 9 patients responded significantly to the drug, while 2 patients had no response.The CMT was 373.12±72.43μm at baseline, which decreased significantly to 332.05±67.13μm, 282.24±62.30μm and 225.56±71.08μm at 1, 2 and 6mo after the intravitreal injection.The mean thickness of SFCT was 422.11±64.82μm before treatment.The choroidal thickness of non-responsive patients before treatment was below average, respectively 353μm and 365μm.The SFCT of 1, 2, and 6mo after treatment was 391.45±75.24μm, 365.53±63.07μm, 355.40±66.65μm.Before treatment and 1mo after, there was no significant difference (P=0.074), but there was statistically significant (P<0.01) between those of before and 2mo and 6mo after.The mean BCVA of the prior treatment was 0.53±0.32, the after treatment was 0.65±0.20, there was no different between the two(P>0.05).CONCLUSION: Intravitreal conbercept injection in chronic CSC may have some effect in accelerating subertinal fluid resolution and decreasing the CMT.The SFCT within 6mo after treatment was significantly lower than pretreatment.The SFCT may be an indicator of whether patients respond.

Objective To investigate the MRI and echocardiography manifestations of noncompaction of ventricular myocardium(NVM)and assess the role of MRI in the diagnosis of NVM by comparing it with echocardiography.Methods Fourteen cases of NVM diagnosed by echocardiography were examined with MRI,including scanning of black-blood sequences,double inversion recovery fast spin echo (DIRFSE)and triple inversion recovery fast spin echo(TIRFSE),and white blood sequence:fast imaging employ steady state acquisition(FIESTA).Scanning plane includes short axis view,four-chamber view and long axis view.Results Both MRI and echocardiography displayed involvement of left ventricles in thirteen cases and involvement of double ventricles in one case.Apexes of heart and the intermedius are commonly affected.MRI showed 54 segments and echocardiography showed 53 segments affected,and there is no significant difference between the capability of MRI and echocardiography(P=1.000).The affected myocardium consisted of two layers:subendoeardial noncompacted myocardium and epicardial compacted myocardium,and the ratio measurement of N/C by MRI was 3.37?0.89 and it was 3.19?0.82 by echocardiography.Noncompacted myocardium was characterized by prominent and excessive myocardial trabeculations and deep intratrabecular recesses,in which the blood flow was communicated with the ventricle.One case was complicated with ventricular aneurysm,and coronary arteriography was performed with unremarkable findings.One case underwent heart transplantation because of progressive heart failure, Gross findings demonstrated prominent muscular trabeculations with deep intratrabecular recesses,which coincided well with MRI findings.Conclusion The MRI manifestation of NVM is characteristic,and MRI with multiple series and planes is helpful in the diagnose of NVM.Compared with echoeardiography,MRI could display the pathological cardiac muscle more clearly,because of its high soft-tissue resolution and spatial resolution.

Objective Establish rabbit VX2 soft tissue tumor model,and treat it with percutaneous ethanol injection(PEI)under the guidance of magnetic resonance imaging.Make ready for the therapeutic evaluation with functional magnetic resonance imaging. Methods Fifteen healthy New Zealand white rabbits were included in this study.0.2 mL tumor tissue suspensions were injected into the rabbits’posterior limb.14 days later,all rabbits were underwent conventional MRI examination.PET were performed to all the tumors under the guidance of MRI in the next day of the examination.T2 WI was used as guidance and monitoring means.MR com-patible puncture needle with lateral hole was stabed into the lesion center,and inj ected anhydrous ethanol according to the volume of tumors’diameter (1 mL/cm )slowly.the tumors signal characteristics,morphological feature and pathological feature were ob-served pre and post-operation.Results All of the 1 5 rabbits were established soft tissue tumor model successfully;the success rate is 100%.The tumors were oval or round,3-4 cm in diam.MRI scanning showed low signal on T1 WI and high signal on T2 WI be-fore PEI.PEI was performed to all the tumors under the guidance of MR successfully with 3.5 mL ethanol injected into the tumors in average.T2 WI could monitor the ethanol in dispersion and distribution within the tumors clearly.Histologically,tumors were composed of large,uniform,oval/round cells arranged in solid nests which was intensive in the periphery of tumors.Necrosis tissue was apparent in the center of the tumors.10 days after operation,most tissue in the periphery of tumors was coagulative necrosis , only a few tumor cells left.Ranges of necrosis in the tumors center were obviously increased compared with pre-operation.Conclusion Rabbit VX2 tumor of soft tissue model is suitable for the therapeutic evaluation of tumor .It is an animal model which has the characteristic of simple to operate and high rate of suc-cessful.MR T2 WI can monitor the ethanol in dispersion and distribution within the tumors clearly.It is a good guidance and monitoring imaging method of tumor ablation.

Objective To investigate the expression of microRNA-340 (miR-340) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its effect on cell biological behavior. Methods We collected 40 frozen HCC tissues and adjacent non-tumor tissues from patients undergoing hepatectomy of HCC at The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from Mar. 2015 to Sep. 2016. The expression of miR-340 in all tissues was detected by qPCR and the relationship between miR-340 expression and clinicopathological parameters was analyzed. Simultaneously, the expression of miR-340 in normal hepatocyte (HL-7702) and four hepatoma cells lines (Hep3B, Bel-7402, HepG2, SMMC-7721) was detected by qPCR after incubation for 48 h. The eukaryotic expression vector with miR-340 or control reagent was transfected into SMMC-7721 cells using EndoFection™-Max to increase or inhibit the expression of miR-340, and then the cells were cultured for 24 h, 48 h and 72 h. The proliferation of SMMC-7721 cells was detected by CCK-8 assay, and the apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The target gene of miR-340 was predicted by bioinformatics software, and the effect of miR-340 on target gene was further verified by qPCR and Western blotting. Results The expression of miR-340 in HCC tissues was significantly lower than that in the adjacent non-tumor tissues (P〈0. 01), and was correlated with hepatitis B surface antigen, HBV DNA, tumor size and TNM stage (all P〈0. 01). Besides, the expression of miR-340 in HL-7702 cells was significantly higher than that in Hep3B, Bel-7402, HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells (P〈0. 05, P〈0. 01). CCK-8 assay results showed that overexpression of miR-340 inhibited proliferation of SMMC-7721 cells, while inhibition of miR-340 promoted cell proliferation (P〈0. 05, P〈0. 01). Overexpression of miR-340 significantly promoted SMMC-7721 cells apoptosis, while suppression of miR-340 significantly inhibited cells apoptosis (all P〈0. 01). S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 (SKP2) was a target gene of miR-340 as indicated by bioinformatics software. Further, qPCR and Western blotting results showed that overexpression of miR-340 inhibited the mRNAand protein expression of SKP2, while inhibition of miR-340 increased the mRNA and protein expression of SKP2. Conclusion The abnormal expression of miR-340 may be associated with the HBV infection, and miR-340 may be an indicator to evaluate the progression and prognosis of HCC. MiR-340 can inhibk proliferation and promote apoptosis of SMMC-7721 cells, which may be effected by inhibiting the SKP2 expression.

OBJECTIVETo study the efficacy of bedside treatment by laser photocoagulation for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in preterm infants hospitalized in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU).

METHODSThe clinical data of 30 cases of ROP who underwent peripheral laser ablation on bedside in the NICU from March to August 2009 were studied retrospectively.

RESULTSA total of 59 eyes from 30 patients received the laser therapy, with a total cure rate of 95%. According to the International Classification of ROP, 26 eyes of 13 infants had zone 1 disease, and 33 eyes of 17 infants had zone 2 disease. The birth gestational age and birth weight as well as corrected gestational age and corrected weight at operation in the zone 1 disease group were significantly lower than those in the zone 2 disease group. The number of laser spots in the zone 1 disease group was significantly higher than that in the zone 2 disease group. The cure rate in the zone 2 disease group (100%) was significantly higher than that in the zone 1 disease group (88%).

CONCLUSIONSLaser retinal photocoagulation on bedside in the NICU is effective for both zone 1 and zone 2 ROP. As compared with the infants with zone 2 disease, the infants with zone 1 disease may have a poor outcome.

Birth Weight ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Laser Coagulation ; Male ; Retinopathy of Prematurity ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo discuss mass spectrum characterization of five valepotriates including 'monoene' type (didrovaltrate), 'diene' type (valtrate, acevaltrate) and 'four-olefinic' type (baldrinal and homobaldrinal) by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS(n)).

METHODThis study was carried out on the basis of electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometric method and analysis of multistage fragments.

RESULTThe fragmentation patterns and structural assignment of 'monoene' type, 'diene' type and 'four-olefinic' type valepotriates in ESI-MSn under positive mode were summarized.

CONCLUSIONThe compounds have a strong pyrolysis rules and it can provide reference date for valepotriates in rapid structural identification, quantitative analysis and pharmacokinetic study.

Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Iridoids ; chemistry ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Aged ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostatectomy ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies

Carcinoma, Adenosquamous ; complications ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Cystectomy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostatectomy ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; complications ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; secondary ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of leukemic cells on blood-brain barrier (BBB) in mice with central nervous system leukemia (CNSL) by establishing mice CNSL model and an in vitro BBB model and explore the mechanism of leukemic cell infiltrating central nervous system (CNS).

METHODSAfter splenectomy, cytoxan intraperitoneal injection, and sublethal irradiation, 10 BALB/c nu/nu mice were transplanted intravenously with 1.2 × 10(7) of SHI-1 human monocytic leukemic cells. Mice were monitored for survival and clinical manifestation of nerve palsy. The leukemic cells engrafted were examined by RT-PCR, histopathology and bone marrow (BM) smears. Immunofluorescence analysis with laser scanning fluorescence confocal microscopy was used to determine the expression of fibrinogen and tight-junction protein ZO-1. An in vitro BBB model composed of human brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMVECs) was developed on a Matrigel-based insert. Different leukemic cell lines were seeded onto the upper compartment of transwell insert. After incubated for 24 h with BMVECs, cells that had migrated into the lower compartment were counted and analyzed.

RESULTS(1) Paralysis with or without sight loss was developed in half the mice 30-35 d after innoculated with SHI-1 cells. Leukemic cells infiltrates were observed in BM and in different part of brain tissues including brain parenchyma. The transcriptions of human MLL/AF6 fusion gene were also detected in BM and brain tissues in paralysis mice. The fibrinogen expression and ZO-1 disruption were detected in the infiltrated tissue. (2) After 24 h incubation with leukemic cells, the BMVECs sheets were disrupted and grew singly and ZO-1 expression was down-regulated markedly. SHI-1 cells showed more injurious to BMVECs and higher invasive rate \[(40.33 ± 1.53)% vs (11.83 ± 1.44)%, P < 0.05\] than HL-60 cells did.

CONCLUSIONOne of the mechanisms of leukemic cells infiltrates CNS in CNSL is injure to the BBB.

Animals ; Blood-Brain Barrier ; physiology ; Central Nervous System ; pathology ; Central Nervous System Neoplasms ; pathology ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; Leukemia ; pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude

Objective:To evaluate the biological characters of C57-TgN(HBV adr2.0)SMMU transgenic mice. Methods: Integration,expression,replication and histology change of hepatitis B virus gene in F6 transgenic mice were estimated by ge-nomic DNA PCR,Western blotting,ELISA,immunohistochemistry,serum DNA PCR,transmission electron microscopy and H-E staining. Results: Hepatitis B virus gene was integrated into F6 C57-TgN(HBV adr2. 0)SMMU transgenic mice and expressed HBsAg,HBcAg and X protein in liver tissue. HBsAg and HBeAg were expressed in serum of 19. 54% and 3. 39% F6 transgenic mice. Hepatitis B virus were replicated in serum and liver tissue of transgenic mice. Long-term integration,expression and replication of hepatitis B virus gene induced pathological lesion of transgenic mice liver and lung. Conclusion: C57-TgNCHBV adr2. 0)SMMU transgenic mice line has the biological characters including integration of hepatitis B virus gene into genomic DNA,expression and replication of hepatitis B virus gene in serum and liver, and histological change in liver and lung. It is a valuable animal system to study pathogenesis, treatment and prevention of hepatitis B virus.