Ultrasound contrast agent microbubbles combined with low frequency ultrasound named as low-frequency ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction technology has become an effective and non-invasive anti-tumor therapy for deep tumors.It can enhance the efficacies of chemotherapy,gene therapy,immunotherapy,and anti-angiogenic therapy by improving cell membrane permeability and destroying tumor neovasculature.It can be applied to sonodynamic therapy and realize multimodal synergistic therapy on the basis of nanoparticles,which increases the anti-tumor efficiency and offers a promising target therapy for tumors.
Contrast Media ; Genetic Therapy ; Humans ; Microbubbles ; Neoplasms ; Ultrasonography

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of mycophenolate mofetil(MMF)on children with steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome(SDNS).Methods Sixteen children with SDNS,diagnosed at onset,included 12 males and 4 females,aged(5.0?1.6) years,were administrated with MMF[25 mg/(kg?d)] and low-dose prednisone[0.5-1.0 mg/(kg?d),average 0.67 mg/(kg?d)].MMF was reduced to half of initial dosage after 6 months and maintained for 3 months,while dosage of prednisone was tapered gradually based on patients disease profile.Twenty-four hours urinary protein excretion,serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen,liver function were conducted regularly,respectively.The clinical efficacy and safety were assessed after 3 months treatment.Results Thirteen of 16 patients treated with MMF and prednisone remained in complete remission.Three children remained remission partly.Difference markedly was observed in 24 hours urinary protein excretion and serum albumin before and after treatment.Conclusions MMF is an effective and safe immunosuppressive agent for children with SDNS.

The COVID-19 outbreak has drawn attention to viral infectious diseases once again, and the development of antiviral drugs for both known and potentially emerging viruses is of great significance. In recent years, peptides and protein drugs are becoming a hot spot in the field of antiviral drug research and development. Phage display technology, as a powerful tool for screening peptides and protein drugs, has been increasingly concerned in the academic and industrial fields. The present review introduced the basic principle of phage display technology, summarized phage display libraries often used in antiviral drug discovery and their applications, discussed the challenges and future direction of antiviral drug research and development based on phage display technology.

In order to clarify material basis of effective parts of liangxue tongyu prescription, blood-heat and blood-stasis rat model induced by dry yeast was established. The changes of rectal temperature, blood viscosity and plasma viscosity were used to evaluate the cooling-blood and activating-blood effects of liangxue tongyu prescription and its parts. Compared with the model group, the extract from liangxue tongyu prescription, its volatile oil and n-butanol part could significantly reduce rectal temperature (P<0.01), and also reduce blood viscosity and plasma viscosity to various degrees (P<0.01 or P<0.05). So volatile oil and n-butanol part were primarily identified as effective parts of liangxue tongyu prescription. By using GC-MS with normalization method of area to analyze volatile oil of liangxue tongyu prescription, 70 compounds were identified, accounting for about 92.54%, mainly as β-asarone, paeonol, α-asarone and shyobunone. 42 compounds such as peony glycosides, tannins, and iridoid glycosides were identified by HPLC-MS techniques and standard comparison. The study determined the effective parts of liangxue tongyu prescription and clarified the chemical composition providing the foundation for further studies on material basis of liangxue tongyu prescription.
Acetophenones ; chemistry ; Animals ; Anisoles ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Oils, Volatile ; chemistry ; Rats ; Tannins ; chemistry

To investigate the cytotoxicity of the homemade peptide cationic liposome CDO14 and its efficacy of RNA interference (RNAi). MTT method was used to determine the cytotoxicity of the liposome to a human lung cancer cell line Luc-A549 that can express luciferase stably. Luciferase siRNA (Luc-siRNA) was transfected into Luc-A549 cells by CDO14. Contents of luciferase in the transfected cells were detected by luminous instrument and contents of total protein in these cells were detected by BCA method. Nude mice were inoculated with Luc-A549 cells in axilla to establish xenograft tumor model. Complexes of Luc-siRNA and the cationic liposomes were injected into the modeling mice via tail vein. Contents of luciferase in the transfected mice were detected by the whole body imaging system. The cytotoxicity of the homemade cationic liposome was similar to that of commercial liposome DOTAP, and lower than that of Lipo2000. The siRNA transfection efficacy mediated by CDO14 was higher than that mediated by DOTAP. The homemade peptide cationic liposome CDO14 is expected to serve as delivery vector in gene therapy because of its low cytotoxicity and high transfection efficiency.
Animals ; Cations ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated ; Genetic Therapy ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Liposomes ; Luciferases ; Lung Neoplasms ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Peptides ; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Transfection

Acute Disease ; Adult ; Aged ; Aneurysm, Dissecting ; complications ; Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic ; complications ; Coronary Artery Bypass ; Coronary Artery Disease ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

Carotid Artery, Internal/surgery* ; Carotid Stenosis/surgery* ; Endarterectomy, Carotid ; Humans ; Treatment Outcome

This study aims to investigate the effect of salvianolic acid B (Sal B), the active ingredient of Salvia miltiorrhiza, on H9C2 cardiomyocytes injured by oxygen and glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) through regulating mitochondrial fission and fusion. The process of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury was simulated by establishing OGD/R model. The cell proliferation and cytotoxicity detection kit (cell counting kit-8, CCK-8) was used to detect cell viability; the kit method was used to detect intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), total glutathione (t-GSH), nitric oxide (NO) content, protein expression levels of mitochondrial fission and fusion, apoptosis-related detection by Western blot. Mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) detection kit and Hoechst 33342 fluorescence was used to observe the opening level of MPTP, and molecular docking technology was used to determine the molecular target of Sal B. The results showed that relative to control group, OGD/R injury reduced cell viability, increased the content of ROS, decreased the content of t-GSH and NO. Furthermore, OGD/R injury increased the protein expression levels of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), mitofusions 2 (Mfn2), Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax) and cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 3 (caspase 3), and decreased the protein expression levels of Mfn1, increased MPTP opening level. Compared with the OGD/R group, it was observed that Sal B had a protective effect at concentrations ranging from 6.25 to 100 μmol·L^-1. Sal B decreased the content of ROS, increased the content of t-GSH and NO, and Western blot showed that Sal B decreased the protein expression levels of Drp1, Mfn2, Bax and caspase 3, increased the protein expression level of Mfn1, and decreased the opening level of MPTP. In summary, Sal B may inhibit the opening of MPTP, reduce cell apoptosis and reduce OGD/R damage in H9C2 cells by regulating the balance of oxidation and anti-oxidation, mitochondrial fission and fusion, thereby providing a scientific basis for the use of Sal B in the treatment of myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury.

OBJECTIVE: In order to improve accuracy and reliability of forensic diagnosis of sudden cardiac death, pathogenesis and relationship between the viral myocarditis (VMC) and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) were investigated. METHODS: Improved immunohistochemical technique was used to detect the expression of the CAR in myocardium samples, including 22 deceased with VMC, 20 deceased with DCM and 16 control deceased. RESULTS: The brown staining on the cell membrane of myocardium showed positive result. There was a prominent CAR expression in VMC group and DCM group, which were statistically significant difference compared with control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The CAR expression showed significantly higher in VMC and DCM groups. The viral infection can result in myocardial necrosis and impaired cardiac functions. These abnormalities can trigger a cascade of events that contributed to the progress of VMC to DCM.
Cardiomyopathy, Dilated/pathology* ; Case-Control Studies ; Coxsackie and Adenovirus Receptor-Like Membrane Protein ; Coxsackievirus Infections/complications* ; Death, Sudden, Cardiac ; Female ; Forensic Pathology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Myocarditis/virology* ; Myocardium/pathology* ; Receptors, Virus/metabolism* ; Staining and Labeling

OBJECTIVETo analyse the engraftment, transplant-related complications and survival after unrelated cord blood transplantation (UCBT) in patients with hematologic malignancies.

METHODSTwenty eight consecutive adult patients with hematological malignancies were treated with UCBT and 20 of them were advanced-stage diseases. Double or multiple UCB grafts were used for 18 patients, while single UCB graft for 10 patients. Myeloablative conditioning regimens were given to 26 cases and nonmyeloablative regimens to 2 cases. All patients were given a combination of cyclosporine (CsA) and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis.

RESULTSMedian time to neutrophil engraftment (≥ 0.5 × 10(9)/L) in 26 patients was 18 (14 - 37) days and platelet engraftment (≥ 20 × 10(9)/L) in 22 patients was 30 (25 - 49) days. Chimerism was weekly assessed by PCR analysis of short tandem repeat (STR) sequences in whole blood or bone marrow and 22 cases were confirmed of fully donor chimeric from 7 to 21 days after transplantation. Eighteen cases developed acute GVHD, greater than grade II in 1, and 6 of 22 patients who survived more than 100 days developed limited chronic GVHD. Eighteen cases were alive in hematologic remission at a median follow-up of 9.5 (2.5 - 72.0) months. The probability of event-free survival at 3 years was 56.7%. Two cases relapsed and 8 of 10 cases died of transplant related complications.

CONCLUSIONSUCBT could be safely and effectively used for adult patients with hematologic malignancies. Use of double UCB units is a strategy extending the feasibility of UCBT.