OBJECTIVESTo explore the clinical application of anti-human seminal plasma phospholipase A2 (PLA2) monoclonal antibody (McAb) for male infertility.

METHODSEnzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA), immunocytochemistry(ICC), as well as flow cytometry (FCM) analysis were established using two strains anti-human seminal plasma PLA2 McAb prepared by our laboratory to detect the PLA2 content in human seminal plasma and the anterior head region of spermatozoa, respectively. Then the PLA2 content in male infertile patients were compared with that in normal control with fertility. The seminal routine analysis was performed by computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA).

RESULTSThe PLA2 content of infertile groups were (31.13 +/- 14.49) ng/ml in azoospermic patients, (17.71 +/- 12.45) ng/ml in oligospermic patients and (16.46 +/- 11.31) ng/ml in patients with normal sperm density, which were all higher than that of normal controls [(8.09 +/- 3.15) ng/ml, P < 0.01]; There was significantly negative correlation between PLA2 content in seminal plasma and sperm density(r = -0.602, P < 0.05), while there was insignificant correlation between PLA2 and sperm motility or percentage of motility. The PLA2 content in the anterior head region of spermatozoon of male infertile groups was significantly lower than that of normal controls by ICC and FCM(P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSPLA2 in human seminal plasma is closely related to male fertility, and the PLA2 deficiency in the head of spermatozoa may be one of the reasons causing male infertility. The methods detecting PLA2 content in seminal plasma and the head of spermatozoa can provide powerful evidences for exploring the mechanism of male infertility.

Adult ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; enzymology ; Male ; Phospholipases A ; analysis ; Phospholipases A2 ; Semen ; enzymology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the susceptibility of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) biofilms to antimicrobial agent by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM).

METHODSS. mutans biofilms formed in vitro on glass slice were acted on with penicillin of different concentrations for 3 h. Then these biofilms were stained by fluorescence and were observed by CLSM. The bacterial density and viability of biofilms were recorded.

RESULTSWhen S. mutans biofilms were exposed to penicillin of 2 500 mg/L for 3 h, it was not completely killed. The higher the concentration of penicillin was, the weaker the biofilms against penicillin.

CONCLUSIONSCompared with planktonic S. mutans, S. mutans biofilms produced stronger resistance to penicillin. It suggests that we should find new strategies to control the infection caused by biofilm in clinic.

Anti-Infective Agents ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Biofilms ; drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Penicillins ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Streptococcus mutans ; drug effects

Objective To investigate the effect of Compound Matrine Injection(CMI) on the levels of nuclcar-associated antigen Ki-67,survivin,serum estradiol (E2),P53 tumor suppressor gene and programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) in model rats of breast cancer.Methods Ninety male SD rats were selected,of them 15 rats were randomly selected as normal group.The rest of the 75 rats were used for breast cancer model construction by methyl-nitroso-urea intraperitoneal injection.Model rats that successfully established were randomly divided into five groups,15 rats in each group:control group (tamoxifen mixture 40 mL· kg-1 by gavage),the model group,high,middle and low dose experimental groups (20,40,60 mL · kg-1 CMI by intraperitoneal injection,respectively).After 9 weeks of drug interference,the serum level of E2 was determined by radioimmunoassay.The levels of Ki-67,P53,phosphorylation AKT and PDCD4,survivin in serum were determined by ELISA.Results After administration,levels of E2 (ng · L-1) were 37.54 ±5.54,69.52 ±8.58,65.33 ±7.21,41.08 ±5.87,42.94 ±6.06 and 49.27 ±6.73 in normal,model,three dose experimental and control groups,respectively.The levels of survivin (ng · L-1) in each groups were 6.13 ±0.84,62.18 ±8.42,29.68 ±3.39,16.76 ±2.73,16.17 ± 1.27 and 59.85 ±7.48,respectively.The levels of Ki-67 (ng · L-1) in above six groups were 16.20±2.14,71.28 ± 10.87,68.88 ± 8.62,21.54 ± 3.17,23.75 ±3.17 and 38.63 ±5.72,respectively.The levels of P53 (ng · L-1) in above six groups were 10.86 ± 1.13,49.17 ± 6.48,45.13 ± 5.17,12.18 ± 1.75,13.17 ± 1.36 and 27.44 ± 3.52,respectively;phosphorylation AKT (ng· L-1) in above six groups were 17.12 ±4.12,37.53 ±5.71,23.21 ± 1.86,21.56 ±5.21,19.32 ±3.21,23.21 ±1.86,respectively.The levels of serum PDCD4 (ng · L-1) in above six groups were 22.85 ± 0.31,7.72 ± 1.18,8.83 ± 1.18,19.29 ± 2.74,20.06 ± 2.25 and 14.83 ± 6.28,respectively;compared with model group,the levels of the indecators in normal,model,high,middle dose experimental and control groups had significantly(all P ＜ 0.05);compared with control group,high and middle dose experimental groups significantly (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Middle and high dose of CMI could obviously decrease the levels of Ki-67,surviving,E2,P53 and PD-CD4 in the model rats of breast cancer.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of levalbuterol hydrochloride in the treatment of mild - moderate asthma. Methods Randomized double -blind, control clinical study was carried out. One hundred twenty- two mild- moderate asthma patients were randomized to enroll the study. Trial group was treated with oral Ievalbuterol hydrochlo-ride tablets 1.15 nag thrice daily. Control group was treated with oral sal-butamol sulphate tablets 2 mg thrice daily. The therapy window is ( 14 ±2) d. Results Comparison with baseline, the first forced expiratory vol-ume vs predicted( FEV1% ), the first forced expiratory volume (FEV1)and the first forced expiratory volume vs the forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) were obviously improved in trial group. There is significantly statis-ties difference (P≤0. 05 ). Control group has no significant variance pre and post treatment. Drug adverse reaction of trial group and control group is 12.5% and 15.3% ,respectively. There is no marked difference between two groups. Conclusion Two groups are equivalent in the treatment of mild to moderate asthma, moreover, lung function has been more improved greatly in trial group compared with control group.

AIMThe purpose of this study was to develop a mathematical model to quantitatively describe the passive transport of macromolecules within dental biofilms.

METHODOLOGYFluorescently labeled dextrans with different molecular mass (3 kD, 10 kD, 40 kD, 70 kD, 2000 kD) were used as a series of diffusion probes. Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguinis, Actinomyces naeslundii and Fusobacterium nucleatum were used as inocula for biofilm formation. The diffusion processes of different probes through the in vitro biofilm were recorded with a confocal laser microscope.

RESULTSMathematical function of biofilm penetration was constructed on the basis of the inverse problem method. Based on this function, not only the relationship between average concentration of steady-state and molecule weights can be analyzed, but also that between penetrative time and molecule weights.

CONCLUSIONThis can be used to predict the effective concentration and the penetrative time of anti-biofilm medicines that can diffuse through oral biofilm. Furthermore, an improved model for large molecule is proposed by considering the exchange time at the upper boundary of the dental biofilm.

Actinomyces ; growth & development ; Algorithms ; Biofilms ; growth & development ; Biological Transport ; Dental Plaque ; microbiology ; Dextrans ; pharmacokinetics ; Diffusion ; Fluorescent Dyes ; pharmacokinetics ; Fusobacterium nucleatum ; growth & development ; Macromolecular Substances ; pharmacokinetics ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Models, Biological ; Molecular Probe Techniques ; Streptococcus mutans ; growth & development ; Streptococcus sanguis ; growth & development

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effectiveness and safety of simple obesity treated by acupuncture.

METHODSBy randomized single-blind clinical trial, one hundred and eighteen cases of simple obesity were divided into an acupuncture group (76 cases) and a placebo-acupuncture control group (42 cases), additionally, health control group (30 cases) was included. In acupuncture group and placebo-acupuncture control group, all the patients received a restricted diet; Zhongwan (CV 12) and Zhongji (CV 3) etc. at abdomen and Liangqiu (ST 34) and Zusanli (ST 36) etc. at limbs were selected; body mass index (BMI), Serum Total Cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), Glucose, Creatinine, urea nitrogen (BUN), Uric Acid and adverse reactions scores were observed.

RESULTSAfter treatment the BMI in acupuncture grown was lower than that in placebo-acupuncture control group (P < 0.01). In metabolism indices, the serum Total Cholesterol and Glucose after treatment were reduced obviously than those before treatment in acupuncture group (all P < 0.01), and there was no significant differences in other metabolism indices (all P > 0.05) in two groups. After treatment, in adverse reactions scores, the hunger sensation scores in acupuncture group was reduced than that in placebo-acupuncture control group (P < 0.05), and there was no significant differences in other indices (all P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONBMI of simple obesity was reduced by acupuncture, and the Serum Total Cholesterol and Glucose were reduced accordingly. The adverse reac tions such as weakness, nervosa and diarrhea, etc. doesn't appear after acupuncture treatment. Acupuncture therapy is one of the safe and effective methods for simple obesity.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Blood Glucose ; analysis ; Body Mass Index ; Cholesterol ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Obesity ; blood ; therapy ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVESTo establish and evaluate the anti-human seminal plasma phospholipase A2 (PLA2) monoclonal antibody (McAb).

METHODSAfter having been separated and purified from human seminal plasma by PEG precipitation, Sephacryl S-300 column chromatography, DEAE-Sephadex A-25 column chromatography and HA column chromatography, PLA2 was regarded as an antigen to immune BALB/C mouse to produce anti-human seminal plasma PLA2 McAb. The PLA2 McAb sensitivity and specificity were performed by ELISA technique and Western-blot analysis, respectively.

RESULTSThe molecular weight of PLA2 depurated with 245 fold purification from human seminal plasma was about 34,900, while the sensitivity and typing of its McAb were 1:5(6)-1:5(8) and IgM (kappa) with a satisfied Western-Blot results.

CONCLUSIONSThe PLA2, which had not been reported in international and domestic papers, may be a new type of PLA2. The establish of its McAb will provide significant tools for the research of the relationship between PLA2 in human seminal plasma and male fertility.

Antibodies, Monoclonal ; immunology ; DEAE-Dextran ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Humans ; Molecular Weight ; Phospholipases A ; immunology ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Phospholipases A2 ; Semen ; enzymology

Objective To verify the performance characteristics of the human SLCO1B1 & APOE gene detection kit (PCR-fluorescent probe technique).Methods The verification protocol for the human SLCO1B1 & APOE gene detection kit manufactured by Wuhan YZY Medical Science and Technology Co.,Ltd.was designed by referring to the requirements of professional standard and pertinent literatures,and its accuracy,specificity,lowest detection limit and anti-interference ability were compared with those of sequencing technique (gold standard).Results The results coincidence of 20 clinical samples from fluorescence PCR and sequencing technique was 100％,which met the requirement of accuracy.Forty clinical samples with wild type loci determined by fluorescence PCR were verified by sequencing and no any mutation was detected,which met the requirement of specificity.The lowest detection limit of the kit was 10 ng/μL.Three interfering substances,including hemoglobin,bilirubin and triglyceride,were individually added into the blood samples with known genotype,and the results determined by the kit were coincident with that without interfering substances,which met the requirement of anti-interference ability.Conclusion The verification parameters of the human SLCO1B1 & APOE gene detection kit are basically consistent with the manufacturer's statement,indicating that the kit meets the requirements of the relevant quality management and may be applied to the detection of clinical samples.

To improve the after-sales service, a survey aimed at the after-serveis of 3 kinds of medical equipment is applied among 68 hospitals in Shanghai Area in 2008.The Stat. and analysis results are showed in the paper, which will certainly channel off suppliers to set up a harmonious market together.
China ; Consumer Behavior ; statistics & numerical data ; Data Collection ; Product Surveillance, Postmarketing

Adolescent ; Adult ; Constriction, Pathologic ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Peripheral Vascular Diseases ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Renal Veins ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Stents ; Ultrasonography