OBJECTIVE: To develop Zaocys dhumnades DNA extraction and detection kit, evaluate the specificity, stability and repeatability of the kit, and investigate the quality of commercial black tip snake products using the kit. METHODS: Using the modern DNA fingerprint technology, the pharmacopoeia Zaocys dhumnades DNA detection method was optimized and improved, and Zaocys dhumnades DNA extraction and detection reagent was developed to obtain the tip snake PCR detection kit. The performance parameters of the kit were evaluated. The kit was used on 18 commercial black tip snake products randomly sampled from Beijing, Tianjin, Changchun and Jilin City.The results were compared with those got by using pharmacopoeia method of DNA test. RESULTS: Zaocys dhumnades DNA testing kit was still valid after repeated freezing and thawing for 5, 10 and 20 times. Among the 18 commercial black tip snake samples 14 were quality goods, and four were adulterants. Repeated experiments of specificity, stability and repeatability displayed exactly the same results. The test result of the kit method was consistent with the pharmacopoeia method. And the kit method could fulfil the DNA testing task in ordinary laboratories. CONCLUSION: Zaocys dhumnades DNA testing kit can identify tip snake products conveniently, accurately and effectively, which can be applied in the rapid detection of Zaocys dhumnades DNA.

Osteoporosis, one of the severest diseases in the middle-aged and elderly population, is the result of the disorder of the normal bone turnover process. At present, many studies have shown that bone turnover is closely related to the microbial environment in the human body. The largest microbiota in the human body exists in the intestine and plays an important role in the normal physiological activities of the body, such as nutrition, metabolism, immunity and barrier. Intestinal microbe can regulate endocrine and immune system through a series of processes, thereby affecting the process of bone turnover in the body. This article briefly reviews the current research about the effects of intestinal microbe on the process of bone turnover in the body. It is expected to provide new ideas for the treatment of osteoporosis by exploring the relationship between osteoporosis and intestinal microbe.

The two-dimensional model of cell culture is an important method in the study of testicular development and spermatogenesis but can not effectively mimic and regulate the testicular microenvironment and the whole process of spermatogenesis due to the lack of relevant cell factors and the disruption of a three-dimensional spatial structure. In the past 20 years, the development and optimization of the in vitro model such as testis organotypic culture and in vivo model such as testis transplantation achieved a transformation from two- to three-dimension. The maintenance and optimization of the testicular niche structure could mimic the testicular microenvironment and cell types including Leydig, Sertoli and germ cells, which showed similar biological behaviors to those in vivo. Besides, the cell suspension or tissue fragment floats in the gas-liquid interface so that the development of somatic and germ cells is well maintained in vitro whilst the feedback linkage between grafted testis tissue and hypothalamus-pituitary of the host rebuilt in the in vitro model provides an endocrinological basis for spermatogenesis, which serves as an effective methodology to better understand the organogenesis and development of the testis as well as testicular function regulation, advancing the concept of treatment of male infertility. Al- though each of the methods may have its limitations, the progress in the processing, freezing, thawing, and transplantation of cells and tissues will surely promote their clinical application and present their value in translational medicine.
Cell Culture Techniques ; Germ Cells ; physiology ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; therapy ; Male ; Spermatogenesis ; physiology ; Testis ; growth & development

The anti-apoptotic members of Bcl-2 family proteins, Bcl-2 and Mcl-1, are considered therapeutic targets of various cancers. In this article, we developed four hydrophobic tag (HyT)-based protein degraders of Bcl-2/Mcl-1, based on a Bcl-2/Mcl-1 dual inhibitor S1-6, and tested their capability in Bcl-2/Mcl-1 degradation and apoptotic induction in MCF-7 cells. Interestingly, different linkers in the HyT degraders led to selective Bcl-2/Mcl-1 degradation, though the degraders S1-D1-S1-D4 maintained the pan-Bcl-2 family binding capacity. Among them, S1-D2 and S1-D4, two compounds bearing a hydrophobic linker or a PEG linker, were observed to potently and selectively induce the ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of Bcl-2 and Mcl-1 in living cells, with a degradation rate of more than 80% or 60%, respectively. Moreover, the HyT-based degraders showed increased lethality of cancer cells compared to the parent inhibitor S1-6, demonstrating that the advantage of degraders to the occupancy-based inhibitors.

BACKGROUND:Partial pressure of end-tidal carbon dioxide (PETCO2) has been used to monitor the effectiveness of precordial compression (PC) and regarded as a prognostic value of outcomes in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). This study was to investigate changes of PETCO2 during CPR in rats with ventricular fibrillation (VF) versus asphyxial cardiac arrest. METHODS:Sixty-two male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into an asphyxial group (n=32) and a VF group (n=30). PETCO2 was measured during CPR from a 6-minute period of VF or asphyxial cardiac arrest. RESULTS:The initial values of PETCO2 immediately after PC in the VF group were significantly lower than those in the asphyxial group (12.8±4.87 mmHg vs. 49.2±8.13 mmHg,P=0.000). In the VF group, the values of PETCO2 after 6 minutes of PC were significantly higher in rats with return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), compared with those in rats without ROSC (16.5±3.07 mmHg vs. 13.2±2.62 mmHg,P=0.004). In the asphyxial group, the values of PETCO2 after 2 minutes of PC in rats with ROSC were significantly higher than those in rats without ROSC (20.8±3.24 mmHg vs. 13.9±1.50 mmHg,P=0.000). Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves of PETCO2 showed significant sensitivity and specificity for predicting ROSC in VF versus asphyxial cardiac arrest. CONCLUSIONS:The initial values of PETCO2 immediately after CPR may be helpful in differentiating the causes of cardiac arrest. Changes of PETCO2 during CPR can predict outcomes of CPR.

A new viral sampling concentration device was designed which was equipped with a new cationic filter membrane-Nanoceram suitable for field sampling. Norovirus Genegroup II was detected from environmental water with the aid of this device. The effects on virus recovery of prefiltration, various second-concentration methods, and different eluants were investigated through pre-experiment. The concentration optimized process, and the optimal concentration process were then determined. The results showed that the prefiltration had a profound effect on virus recovery, and two second-concentration method: PEG-NaC1 precipitation and celite adsorption, had almost the same concentration effects. The Na2 HPO4 solution of 0.15 mol/L was selected as the final eluant to elute the adsorbed Nuorovirus from the celite. The virus recovery of Nanoceram was determined to be 3.02%. Finally, successful detection of Norovirus GII in sewage from Yangqiao River, Fengtai District, Beijing was acheived. All these data had shown that the Naneceram filter concentration method could concentrate Norovirus from environmental water with a steady effects.
Filtration ; instrumentation ; methods ; Fractional Precipitation ; instrumentation ; methods ; Genotype ; Norovirus ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Rivers ; virology ; Water Microbiology

AIMTo investigate the relations between left ventricular hypertrophy and systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), neuropeptide Y (NPY) during cardiac hypertrophy and regression.

METHODSBlood pressure and heart rate were recorded with polygraph channel biologic message system. NPY in plasma and myocardium were measured with Radioimmunoassay. Correlation coefficient were calculated with SPSS software.

RESULTSThere were positive correlations between SBP, DBP, MAP, NPY in the cardiac tissue and cardiac coefficient (LVW/BW). There was no correlations between cardiac coefficient and heart rate (HR), NPY in plasma.

CONCLUSIONHypertension is one of cardiac hypertrophy factors, SBP correlate better with LVW/ BW than DBP. SBP, DBP, MAP, NPY in cardiac tissue has correlative tendency with LVW/BW.

Animals ; Blood Pressure ; Heart Rate ; Hypertension ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Male ; Neuropeptide Y ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

OBJECTIVETo find a kind of quick and effective haemostasis to decrease the mortality of severe bleeding.

METHODS18 severe bleeding patients with different cause received recombinant activated factor VIIa (rFVIIa) were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTSOf total 18 cases with severe bleeding, 13 cases cured, 3 cases were effective, 2 cases ineffective. The total clinical effective rate is 88.89%. After using rFVIIa, the PT, APTT and fibrinogen level of 6 DIC patients returned to normal within 12 hours; 13 patients whose the amount of bleeding can be evaluated stopped bleeding quickly. The fastest onset time was 10 min.

CONCLUSIONrFVIIa can stanch severe bleeding for a variety of reasons rapidly and effectively, including coagulopathy, thrombocytopenia, and obstetric hemorrhage. Application of rFVIIa may decrease mortality, when conventional treatment is not valid.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Blood Coagulation Disorders ; drug therapy ; Factor VIIa ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Recombinant Proteins ; therapeutic use ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the effect of Compound Matrine Injection(CMI) on the levels of nuclcar-associated antigen Ki-67,survivin,serum estradiol (E2),P53 tumor suppressor gene and programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) in model rats of breast cancer.Methods Ninety male SD rats were selected,of them 15 rats were randomly selected as normal group.The rest of the 75 rats were used for breast cancer model construction by methyl-nitroso-urea intraperitoneal injection.Model rats that successfully established were randomly divided into five groups,15 rats in each group:control group (tamoxifen mixture 40 mL· kg-1 by gavage),the model group,high,middle and low dose experimental groups (20,40,60 mL · kg-1 CMI by intraperitoneal injection,respectively).After 9 weeks of drug interference,the serum level of E2 was determined by radioimmunoassay.The levels of Ki-67,P53,phosphorylation AKT and PDCD4,survivin in serum were determined by ELISA.Results After administration,levels of E2 (ng · L-1) were 37.54 ±5.54,69.52 ±8.58,65.33 ±7.21,41.08 ±5.87,42.94 ±6.06 and 49.27 ±6.73 in normal,model,three dose experimental and control groups,respectively.The levels of survivin (ng · L-1) in each groups were 6.13 ±0.84,62.18 ±8.42,29.68 ±3.39,16.76 ±2.73,16.17 ± 1.27 and 59.85 ±7.48,respectively.The levels of Ki-67 (ng · L-1) in above six groups were 16.20±2.14,71.28 ± 10.87,68.88 ± 8.62,21.54 ± 3.17,23.75 ±3.17 and 38.63 ±5.72,respectively.The levels of P53 (ng · L-1) in above six groups were 10.86 ± 1.13,49.17 ± 6.48,45.13 ± 5.17,12.18 ± 1.75,13.17 ± 1.36 and 27.44 ± 3.52,respectively;phosphorylation AKT (ng· L-1) in above six groups were 17.12 ±4.12,37.53 ±5.71,23.21 ± 1.86,21.56 ±5.21,19.32 ±3.21,23.21 ±1.86,respectively.The levels of serum PDCD4 (ng · L-1) in above six groups were 22.85 ± 0.31,7.72 ± 1.18,8.83 ± 1.18,19.29 ± 2.74,20.06 ± 2.25 and 14.83 ± 6.28,respectively;compared with model group,the levels of the indecators in normal,model,high,middle dose experimental and control groups had significantly(all P ＜ 0.05);compared with control group,high and middle dose experimental groups significantly (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Middle and high dose of CMI could obviously decrease the levels of Ki-67,surviving,E2,P53 and PD-CD4 in the model rats of breast cancer.

Objective To investigate the effects of distal thrombolysis versus thrombus aspiration on myocardial perf usion and prognosis in patients with acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction(AMI)during emergency percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI). Methods 96 patients with acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction(onset<6 hours)were randomly divided into thrombolysis group and distal thrombus aspiration group. Patients in the distal thrombolysis group(n=46)received transcatheter urokinase injection to the occlusive segment followed by balloon dilatation or stenting. Patients in the thrombus aspiration group(n=50)were given thrombus aspiration after balloon angioplasty or stenting. Patients were followed up for 30 days after operation. The coronary blood flow and myocardial perfusion were compared between the 2 groups. The incidence of major adverse cardiac events(MACE)and left ventricular systolic function after 30 days were compared. Results There was 1 case in the distal thrombolysis group (0.2%)and 6 case in the thrombus aspiration group(12%)presented with TIMI fl ow≤grade Ⅱ(P=0.008). A 65.2% of patients in the distal thrombolysis and 42.0% of patients in the thrombus aspiration group achieved > 50% of ST segment resolution in 2 hours(P=0.019). At 30-day follow up,the LVEF was found higher in the thrombolysis group compared with the aspiration group(54.1±8.6)% vs.(50.8±7.3)%,P=0.047 but the LVEDD(44.3±7.2)mm vs.(46.5±6.8)mm,P=0.038 and NT-proBNP levels(117.8±71.8)μg/L vs.(161.2±72.3)μg/L,P=0.025 were found significantly lower in the thrombolysis group. Conclusions For the ST segment elevation myocardial infarction,distal thrombolysis,when compared with thrombus aspiration,may reduce the incidence of slow flow and no reflow,and may improve the left ventricular systolic function.