Objective To evaluate the effects and safety of theramo-chemotherapy of DDP and 5 -fluorouracil for elderly patients with oral and maxillofacial cancer.Methods Sixty-four patients with oral and maxillofacial cancer were recruited in the prospective study.The patients were randomized divided into control group(n=31) and treatment group ( n=33 ) .Patients in the control group were given DDP 30 mg? m-2 through intravenous drip on day 1 to 3 plus 5-FU 500 mg? m-2 through intravenous drip on day 1 to 5.And patients in the treatment group re-ceived ultrasonic heat with temperature 40-42 ℃, 40 minutes for each time in the period of chemotherapy on the basis of the treatment regime of control group.The treatment lasted for 5 cycles with 21 days a cycle. The data of clinical efficacy, T lymph cell sub -group changes and chemotherapy related adverse drug reactions were compared between the two groups. Results The objective response rate was 29.03% and 57.58%in the control and treatment group respectively, with treatment group significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05).The T cell sub group in the control group were not statistically different before and after treatment ( P>0.05).After treatment, the T cell sub group in treatment group was significantly higher than those of before treatment and control group.And the chemotherapy related adverse drug reactions between the two groups were not statistically different ( 38.71% vs 39.39%, P >0.05 ) . Conclusion DDP and 5-FU theramo-chemotherapy regimen can significantly improve the objective response rate of patients with oral and maxillofacial cancer, but not increasing the risk of developing chemotherapy related adverse drug reactions.

Introduced in 2009, whole-exome sequencing (WES) is a technology in which target capture methods are used to enrich sequences of coding regions of genes from fragmented total genomic DNA, which is followed by high-throughput sequencing of the captured fragments. As reported, WES has been successfully applied for discovering genes underlying several Mendelian diseases, especially autosomal recessive types. In this review, authors have summarized the main computational strategies which have been applied to identify novel autosomal recessive diseases genes using whole-exome data.
Cloning, Molecular ; Exome ; Genes, Recessive ; Genetic Diseases, Inborn ; genetics ; Humans ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

OBJECTIVETo investigate the dynamic correlation between pre-S1 antigen, pre-S2 antigen and HBV DNA in the serum of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients undergoing nucleoside analogue therapy.

METHODS12 CHB patients with transient virological response after lamivudine treatment, and 20 patients treated with adefovir for 5 years were recruited in this study. Serum samples were collected at four time points when HBV DNA fluctuated sharply during lamivudine treatment, and at 0, 8, 12, 28, 52, 104, 156, 208, 260 weeks following adefovir treatment. HBV DNA was quantified by real-time PCR, pre-S1 and pre-S2 antigens were detected by ELISA.

RESULTSThe titers of pre-S1 and pre-S2 antigens were not correlated with the HBV DNA level in the serum of lamivudine treated patients. Only in one case of the adfovir treated patients, the decrease of pre-S1 and pre-S2 antigens was in parallel with the decrease of HBV DNA. Linear regression analysis indicated that neither pre-S1 antigen nor pre-S2 antigen was correlated with HBV DNA in the serum of lamivudine or adfovir treated patients (P more than 0.05).

CONCLUSIONOur results indicate that the titers of pre-S1 and pre-S2 antigens are not correlated with the serum HBV DNA in CHB patients undergoing nucleoside analogue therapy. Neither pre-S1 nor pre-S2 is a good predictor for the outcome of nucleoside analogue treatment.

DNA, Viral ; blood ; Hepatitis B virus ; genetics ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Lamivudine ; therapeutic use ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction

OBJECTIVETo investigate the differential expressions of nucleolin in invasive cervical squamous cell carcinoma, cervical intraepithelial neoplasms (CIN) and normal cervical epithelial tissues and explore the role of nucleolin in the carcinogenesis and progression of cervical squamous cell carcinoma.

METHODSFifty specimens of invasive cervical squamous cell carcinoma, 65 specimens of CIN, and 60 adjacent normal cervical epithelial tissue specimens were examined immunohistochemically for nucleolin expression. The correlation of nucleolin expression levels with histological grades of invasive cervical squamous cell carcinoma and CIN were analyzed.

RESULTSThe specimens of invasive cervical squamous cell carcinoma showed a significantly higher positivity rate for nucleolin expression than CIN and normal cervical epithelial tissues, and the rate in CIN tissues was significantly higher than that in normal cervical epithelial tissues (P<0.01). The expression level of nucleolin was significantly higher in invasive cervical squamous cell carcinoma than in CIN and normal cervical epithelia tissues, and higher in CIN than in normal cervical epithelia tissues, whose immunostaining scores were 7.6±0.3, 6.1±0.2, and 3.0±0.2, respectively (P<0.01). The mean nucleolin immunostaining score was significantly higher in poorly and moderately differentiated than in highly differentiated cervical squamous cell carcinoma (7.9 vs 7.1, P<0.01), and higher in high grade CIN than in low grade CIN tissues (6.0 vs 4.0, P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONSOverexpression of nucleolin plays an important role during carcinogenesis of cervical squamous cell carcinoma and is positively correlated with tumor progression of CIN and cervical squamous cell carcinoma.

Carcinogenesis ; Carcinoma in Situ ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ; metabolism ; pathology ; Disease Progression ; Female ; Humans ; Phosphoproteins ; metabolism ; RNA-Binding Proteins ; metabolism ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology

The changes of microRNA expression in rat hippocampus after traumatic brain injury (TBI) were explored. Adult SD rats received a single controlled cortical impact injury, and the ipsilateral hippocampus was harvested for the subsequent microarray assay at three time points after TBI: 1st day, 3rd day and 5th day, respectively. We characterized the microRNA expression profile in rat hippocampus using the microRNA microarray analysis, and further verified microarray results of miR-142-3p and miR-221 using quantitative real-time PCR. Totally 205 microRNAs were identified and up-/down-regulated more than 1.5 times. There were significant changes in 17 microRNAs at all three time points post-TBI. The quantitative real-time PCR results of miR-142-3p and miR-221 indicated good consistency with the results of the microarray method. MicroRNAs altered at different time points post-TBI. MiR-142-3p and miR-221 may be used as potentially biological markers for TBI assessment in forensic practice.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of standard access assisted minimally access percutaneous nephrolithotomy (MPCNL) combined with EMS lithotripsy system in treatment of staghorn caculi accompanied with pyonephrosis. Methods From October 2015 to May 2017, we retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 53 patients of staghorn calculi accompanied with pyonephrosis (55 sides, 2 patients with bilateral) were treated with using the special urology ultrasound, kidney dome puncture path method method to do standard channel assisted MPCNL combined with EMS. To summarize the operation time, stone clearance rate, postoperative hospital stay, postoperative blood transfusion rate and complications. Results 53 patients had a total of 55 kidneys had been established first-staged F24 channels,and successfully gravel stone. The operation time was (82.3 ± 22.5) min; 72.7% of the renal had been established first-staged F24 channels assisted F16/18 dual channel;18.2% for the first phase F24 and secondary phase F16/18 of the dual or multi-channel; 9.1% PCNL combined with retrograde flexible ureteroscope; 4 cases of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. The initial stone-free rate was 70.9% (39/55), total stone-free rate was 89.1% (49/55). 2 patients with postoperative blood transfusion, 1 case of super-selective renal artery embolization to stop bleeding, 3 patients had postoperative fever, 1 case of septic shock, 2 cases of conservative treatment of a small amount of liquid chest, 1 case of apparent low back pain due to urine extravasation, given pain medication.no other serious complications. Conclusions By special urology ultrasound probe guide, use the kidney dome puncture path method to do standard channel assisted MPCNL combined with EMS for the treatment of staghorn calculi accompanied with pyonephrosis, its benefits in high stone-free rate, low renal pelvis pressure, high security rate, low complication rate and so on. Therefore, it is worthy of clinical application.

Objective To explore risk factors of congenital malformations (CMs) and to evaluate its impacts on adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs). Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted among pregnant women who received the first antenatal care from March 2013 to February 2016 in the reproductive center, obstetrics clinics, infertility clinics and ultrasound department of Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital. Corresponding information from pregnant women and their spouses were collected. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression were used to screen possible risk factors of CMs and evaluate the impacts of CMs on other APOs. Results The study showed that women had history of non-standard BMI, smoking, hepatitis, pregnancy-related complications, gestational diabetes mellitus, infertility and using assisted reproductive technology before pregnancy; had no folic acid taking, active and passive smoking, drinking, uneven diet, high intensity physical activity during pregnancy increased the risk of CMs in offspring. Furthermore, the history of spouse smoking and eating betel nut also increased the risk of CMs in offspring. CMs might increase the risk of preterm birth, very preterm birth, low birth weight, very low birth weight, and perinatal mortality. Conclusions There are many risk factors of CMs. Knowing these risk factors, and giving them optimal prevention strategies and effective intervention measures are important measures in preventing the occurrence of CMs and other APOs.

Objective:To investigate the expressions of β‐catenin ,vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) ,and microvessel density in glioma and their correlations .Methods:50 glioma specimens and 40 health control specimens were collected .The gliomas were divided into low grade gliomas (n= 29) and high grade gliomas (n= 21) .The expression ofβ‐catenin in all specimens was detected by immunohistochemistry .The level of VEGF was detected by Western blotting .The expression of CD105 (a surface marker of neovascular endothelial cell) was examined by anti‐CD105 antibody , and the microvessel density was calculated .Results:The positive expression rate of β‐catenin , the level of VEGF and microvessel density in glioma group were significantly higher than that in control group (P<0 .05) .Compared with the low grade gliomas , the three indexes were obviously higher in high grade gliomas (P< 0 .05) .There was a positive correlations between the positive expression rate of β‐catenin ,the level of VEGF ,and microvessel density (P< 0 .05) .Conclusions:The positive expression rate of β‐catenin ,the level of VEGF ,and microvessel density in glioma patients increase obviously ,and those are more significant in the patients with high‐grade glioma .

Aim To investigate the mechanisms of Chaijin JieYu Anshen formula modulating the depres-sive behaviors and the synaptic plasticity of hippocam-pal neurons in insomnia-concomitant depression rats based on the histone deacetylase 5(HDAC5)/myocyte enhancer factor 2C(MEF2C)pathway.Methods A rat model of insomnia-concomitant depression was es-tablished by PCPA injection combined with chronic un-predictable mild stress(CUMS),and the experiment was divided into the control group,the model group,the high,medium and low dose group of Chaijin JieYu Anshen formula,and the positive drug group.The de-pression of rats was evaluated by sugar-water prefer-ence test,open field test and morris water maze.The levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)and dopamine(DA)in serum were measured by enzyme linked im-munosorbent assay(ELISA).The pathological damage of hippocampal neurons was observed by HE staining and Nissl staining.The damage of dendritic spines of hippocampal neurons was observed by Golgi staining,and the levels of HDAC5,MEF2C,postsynaptic densi-ty-95(PSD-95)and synaptophysin 1(SYN1)in hip-pocampus were measured by Western blot,immunohis-tochemistry and immunofluorescence.Results Com-pared with the model group,the Chaijin JieYu Anshen formula could increase the sugar-water preference rate of the model rats,reduce the immobility time in the open field experiment,increase the total activity dis-tance,shorten the evasion latency in the localization navigation experiment,and prolong the residence time in the quadrant where the platform was located in the space exploration experiment(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Moreover,the Chaijin JieYu Anshen formula improved the hippocampal neuron and dendritic spine damage and increase the dendritic branch length and dendritic spine density of hippocampal neurons(P＜0.01,P＜0.01),restore the serum levels of 5-HT and DA in insomnia-concomitant depression rats(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),down-regulate the HDAC5 protein,and up-regulate the expression of MEF2C,PSD-95,and SYN1 protein(P＜0.05,P＜0.01 or P＜0.001).Conclusions Chaijin JieYu Anshen formula may alle-viate the depression-like behavior of model rats by re-ducing the expression of HDAC5 protein,thus deregu-lating the inhibition of transcription factor MEF2C,promoting the expression of PSD-95 and SNY1 protein,and exerting a protective effect on hippocampal neurons and synapses.

OBJECTIVEAlthough most of nerve injuries associated with Monteggia fracture-dislocation in children are neurapraxias and will recover spontaneously after conservative treatment, surgical exploration of the involved nerve is always required in the cases with the entrapment of posterior interosseous nerve (PIN). However, the necessity and time frame for surgical intervention for specific patterns of nerve dysfunction remains controversial. The aim of the report is to observe and understand the pathology of PIN injury associated with Monteggia fracture-dislocation in children, and to propose the possible indication for the exploration of nerve.

METHODSEight cases, six boys and two girls, with Monteggia fracture-dislocation complicated by PIN injury, managed operatively at the authors?Hospital from 2007 to 2008 were retrospectively reviewed. All the patients underwent the attempted closed reduction before they received exploration of PIN, with open reduction and internal fixation or successful closed reduction.

RESULTSThe PIN was found to be trapped acutely posterior to the radiocapitellar joint in 4 out of 5 Type III Bado's Monteggia fractures. In the remaining cases, since there were longer time intervals from injury to operation, chronic compressive changes and epineural fibrosis of radial nerve were visualized. After a microsurgical neurolysis performed, the complete recovery in the nerve function was obtained in all the cases during the follow-up.

CONCLUSIONThe findings from this study suggest that every case of type III Monteggia fracture-dislocation with decreased or absent function of muscles innervated by PIN and an irreducible radial head in children should be viewed as an indication for immediate surgical exploration of the involved nerve to exclude a potential PIN entrapment.

Female ; Fingers ; innervation ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Humans ; Male ; Monteggia's Fracture ; complications ; Muscle, Skeletal ; innervation ; Nerve Compression Syndromes ; etiology ; surgery ; Recovery of Function ; Retrospective Studies ; Thumb ; innervation ; Wrist ; innervation