Objective To investigate the effects of essential trace elements selenium, zinc, copper, iron,cobalt, chromium and molybdenum upon arsenic poisoning caused by coal-burning. Methods Stratified random sampling method was used to conduct epidemiological investigation on 139 arsenic exposed residents(including nonpatient, light, moderate and severe patients) in an area polluted by coal-burning arsenic in Xingren county of Guizhou province as exposure group. Control group included 34 residents who lived about 13 km away from the endemic area of arsenic contamination. Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) was used to analyze arsenic, selenium, zinc, copper, iron, cobalt, chromium and molybdenum in coal, soil, rice,corn, chilli, hair, blood and urine. Results Arsenic content in coal, soil, corn and chilli of polluted area were 4.894,146.551,0.522,1.440 mg/kg, respectively. These arsenic content were significantly higher than those in control area which were 1.980,50.167,0.296,0.948 mg/kg, respectively(P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01) . The content of selenium in soil of the diseased area(5.038 mg/kg) was significantly lower than that in soil of control area(8.948 mg/kg, P ＜0.05). The content of copper, iron, chromium in soil and iron in corn were 44.114,5731.500,98.323,89.996 mg/kg, respectively. These elements content were significantly higher than those in control area which were 13.473,1298.430,36.839,57.391 mg/kg, respectively (all P ＜ 0.05) . Hair and urine arsenic levels were 1.985mg/kg and 149.593 μg/g Cr in exposed group, respectively. These arsenic levels were significantly higher than those in control group which were 0.670 mg/kg and 49.853 μg/g Cr, respectively(all P ＜ 0.01) . Hair selenium level in exposed group(1.706 mg/kg) was significantly lower than that in control group(2.405 mg/kg, P ＜ 0.01). Hair levels of iron and chromium, blood level of eopper and the ratio between copper and zinc in exposed group were 88.295,8.933 mg/kg, 1.053 mg/L and 0.074, respectively. These element levels and elements ratio were significantly higher than those in control group which were 47.970,4.099 mg/kg, 0.934 mg/L and 0.065, respectively(P ＜ 0.01 or ＜ 0.05). Hair selenium level was negatively correlated with the progression of arsenism(r = - 0.414, P ＜ 0.01) .Hair levels of iron and chromium, the ratio between copper and zinc in blood were positively correlated with the progression of arsenism(r = 0.271,0.261,0.250, all P ＜ 0.01) . Conclusions Low selenium, high copper, high iron and high chromium coexists in arsenic polluted area. In exposed group, hair selenium is low, hair iron and chromium, blood copper and ratio between copper and zinc are high. These element changes with environment trend.These element changes are associated with the occurrence and development of the disease caused by coal-burning.

Research on the association between maternal periodontal disease and the risk of preeclampsia has generated inconsistent results. This meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the association between maternal periodontal disease and the risk of preeclampsia. A literature search of PubMed and Embase was performed to identify relevant papers published before March 2013. Only observational studies that assessed maternal periodontal disease and the risk of preeclampsia were selected. Patients' periodontal status was examined at different time points during pregnancy or after delivery (at 14-32 weeks of gestation, within 48 h prior to or within 5 days after delivery). Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for cases and controls. Cases were defined as women with concurrent hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation. Eleven studies involving 1118 women with preeclampsia and 2798 women without preeclampsia were identified and analyzed. Women with periodontal disease before 32 weeks of gestation had a 3.69-fold higher risk of developing preeclampsia than their counterparts without periodontal disease (OR=3.69; 95% CI=2.58-5.27). Periodontal disease within 48 h prior to delivery was associated with a 2.68-fold higher risk of preeclampsia (OR=2.68; 95% CI=1.39-5.18). Pregnant women with periodontal disease within 5 days after delivery had a 2.22-fold higher risk of preeclampsia than women without periodontal disease (OR=2.22; 95% CI=1.16-4.27). In conclusion, this meta-analysis suggests that maternal periodontal disease is an independent predictor of preeclampsia.

The present condition in the acupoint term translation was analyzed and its existent problems in this area were discussed in this paper. The authors suggested that in translating the terms of acupoints, the translation on the meaning of the acupoints should be added, in this way, it can not only keep the integrity in acupoint translation, but also make the inheritance of the Chinese precious culture of Traditional Chinese Medicine further available.
Acupuncture Points ; Animals ; Culture ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Translating

Optically active form of alpha-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl (CPB) alcohol, building block of pyrethroid insecticides, was synthesized as its acetate by the combination of anion-exchange resin (D301)-catalyzed transcyanation between m-phenoxybenzaldehyde (m-PBA) and acetone cyanohydrin (AC), and lipase (from Alcaligenes sp.)-catalyzed enantioselective transesterification of the resulting cyanohydrin with vinyl acetate. Through optimizing technological conditions, the catalyzing efficiency was improved considerably compared to methods previously reported. Concentrations of CPB acetate were determined by gas chromatograph. The enantio excess (e.e.) values of CPB acetate were measured by NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) method. Effects of solvents and temperatures on this reaction were studied. Cyclohexane was shown to be the best solvent among the three tested solvents. 55 degrees C was the optimal temperature for higher degree of conversion. External diffusion limitation was excluded by raising the rotational speed to 220 r/min. However, internal diffusion could not be ignored, since the catalyst (lipase) was an immobilized enzyme and its particle dimension was not made small enough. The reaction rate was substantially accelerated when the reactant (m-PBA) concentration was as high as 249 mmol/L, but decreased when the initial concentration of m-PBA reached to 277 mmol/L. It was also found that the catalyzing capability of recovered lipase was high enough to use several batches. Study of the mole ratio of AC to m-PBA showed that 2:1 was the best choice. The strategy of adding base catalyst D301 was found to be an important factor in improving the degree of conversion of the reaction from 20% to 80%. The highest degree of conversion of the reaction has reached up to 80%.
Alcaligenes ; enzymology ; Benzaldehydes ; chemistry ; Combinatorial Chemistry Techniques ; methods ; Lipase ; chemistry ; Nitriles ; chemistry ; Organic Chemicals ; chemistry ; Phenyl Ethers ; chemical synthesis ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods

Objective To evaluate the CT findings of pancreatic carcinoid tumors.Methods The CT imaging data of five patients with pancreatic carcinoid tumors confirmed by pathology were retrospectively analyzed.Results The tumors ranged in maximum diameter from 2.0 to 11.0 cm with a mean of 6.4 cm. On unenhanced CT,the tumors were slightly hypodense relative to the pancreatic parenchyma,homogenous in 2 cases,and heterogenous in 3 cases.One tumor showed calcification.After contrast material injection, the solid component of the tumor showed marked heterogenous enhancement on the arterial phase scanning in 3 cases,and mild heterogenous enhancement in 2 cases.The degree of tumor enhancement was less intense than the surrounding pancreatic parenchyma due to necrosis of various degree,which led to the cystic appearance of the tumor in 1 ease.On the portal phase scanning,all tumors showed marked enhancement similar to that of the pancreatic parenchyma.On the delayed phase scanning,the degree of enhancement was more intense than the surrounding pancreatic parenchyma in 1 case.Liver metastases with retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy and peripancreatic vessels invasion were seen in 1 case.No dilatation of the biliary tract or pancreatic duct was present.Conclusion The CT features of pancreatic carcinoid tumors included infrequent dilatation of the biliary tract or pancreatic duct and unusual vascular involvement,calcification within the mass,marked enhancement similar to that of the surrounding pancreatic parenchyma during the portal phase scanning and more intense during the delayed phase scanning.

Indeterminate dendritic cell tumor (IDCT) is a proliferation of CD1a+, S100+ and langerin- histiocytes with a generally benign course. Here, we describe a case of a 90-year-old male who developed skin lesions on his scalp mimicking angiosarcoma and lymphadenopathy. He died six months after the onset of skin lesions despite of months' radiotherapy. Pathological examination ruled out scalp angiosarcoma and showed a high Ki-67 index. The appearance of skin lesions and lymphadenopathy led to challenges in diagnosis and the development of a treatment plan.
Aged, 80 and over ; Dendritic Cells* ; Diagnosis ; Hemangiosarcoma* ; Histiocytes ; Humans ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Male ; Radiotherapy ; Scalp* ; Skin

The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of acute erythroleukemia (AEL, AML-M6). The clinical features and results of morphologic, immunophenotypic, cytogenetic and molecular biologic detections were retrospectively analyzed in 13 cases of AEL from 305 acute leukemia patients hospitalized between October 2007 and October 2012. The results showed that the expression of erythroid and non-erythroid cells increased at the same time. The myeloid antigens mainly expressed CD13/CD33/CD117/CD34, while the erythroid antigens expressed Gly and CD71. The karyotypic detection indicated that there were 1 case with normal karyotype, 3 cases with simple karyotypic abnormality and 2 cases with complex karyotypic abnormality, the other cases were not detected. The molecular biological detection found that the poor prognosis gene existed in 5 cases [38.5% (5/13)], including 3 cases with MLL-MLL fusion gene, 1 case with MLL mutation, and 1 cases with NRAS gene mutation, the abnormal genes were not detected in remainder 8 cases. After chemotherapy with decitabine, the complete remission (CR) rate achieved 53.5% (7/13), partial remission (DR) rate achieved 15.4% (2/13). Finally, 8 patients received allo-HSCT, the median overall survival (OS) was 20.7 months, 3 year survival rate was 79%, 3 year disease-free survival rate was 78%. It is concluded that the acute erythroleukemia is a rare subtype of AML, which is transformed from MDS and has harmful genes and poor prognosis. Allo-HSCT and treatment with decitabine may enhance the survival rate of AEL.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Karyotyping ; Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Young Adult

Objective To find out the perception status of Kaschin-Beck disease(KBD)-related knowledge among residents in Aba KBD areas. Methods In 2009, hierarchical clustering random sampling method was used to select 13 villages as survey points in Aba KBD areas, general demographic characteristics, KBD prevalence and KBD-related knowledge of residents were investigated. Results Of the residents investigated, the understanding rate of KBD-related knowledge was 36.7% (7361/20 080), understanding rate among female [40.2% (4427/11012) ]was high than that of male[32.3%(2934/9084), x2 = 134.80, P ＜ 0.05];50-year group[42.5%(2789/6562] was higher than others;Tibetan [42.8% (6775/15829)] was higher than other nationals;residents in Semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral areas [47.2% (5777/12239)] was higher than people in other areas ;farmer [42.6% (4585/10762) ],people who lost labor ability [42.7% (1487/3482)] and the unemployed [42.8% (941/2199) ] was higher;married people[41.6%(6067/14584)] was higher;KBD patients[47.6%(4585/9632)] was higher[x2 = 92.41,148.04,578.56,116.35,36.96,371.29 respectively, all P ＜ 0.05]. Sixty three point nine persent (978/1530) acquired KBD knowledge through explaination by medical and health personnel. Conclusions The current situation of perception of KBD-related knowledge among residents in Aba KBD areas is not optimistic. Understanding rate among residents with different demographic characteristics is significantly different. Targeted health education strategies and measures should be developed among different population groups.

The changes of microRNA expression in rat hippocampus after traumatic brain injury (TBI) were explored. Adult SD rats received a single controlled cortical impact injury, and the ipsilateral hippocampus was harvested for the subsequent microarray assay at three time points after TBI: 1st day, 3rd day and 5th day, respectively. We characterized the microRNA expression profile in rat hippocampus using the microRNA microarray analysis, and further verified microarray results of miR-142-3p and miR-221 using quantitative real-time PCR. Totally 205 microRNAs were identified and up-/down-regulated more than 1.5 times. There were significant changes in 17 microRNAs at all three time points post-TBI. The quantitative real-time PCR results of miR-142-3p and miR-221 indicated good consistency with the results of the microarray method. MicroRNAs altered at different time points post-TBI. MiR-142-3p and miR-221 may be used as potentially biological markers for TBI assessment in forensic practice.

Research on the association between maternal periodontal disease and the risk of preeclampsia has generated inconsistent results. This meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the association between maternal periodontal disease and the risk of preeclampsia. A literature search of PubMed and Embase was performed to identify relevant papers published before March 2013. Only observational studies that assessed maternal periodontal disease and the risk of preeclampsia were selected. Patients' periodontal status was examined at different time points during pregnancy or after delivery (at 14-32 weeks of gestation, within 48 h prior to or within 5 days after delivery). Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for cases and controls. Cases were defined as women with concurrent hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation. Eleven studies involving 1118 women with preeclampsia and 2798 women without preeclampsia were identified and analyzed. Women with periodontal disease before 32 weeks of gestation had a 3.69-fold higher risk of developing preeclampsia than their counterparts without periodontal disease (OR=3.69; 95% CI=2.58-5.27). Periodontal disease within 48 h prior to delivery was associated with a 2.68-fold higher risk of preeclampsia (OR=2.68; 95% CI=1.39-5.18). Pregnant women with periodontal disease within 5 days after delivery had a 2.22-fold higher risk of preeclampsia than women without periodontal disease (OR=2.22; 95% CI=1.16-4.27). In conclusion, this meta-analysis suggests that maternal periodontal disease is an independent predictor of preeclampsia.
Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Observational Studies as Topic ; Odds Ratio ; Periodontal Diseases ; physiopathology ; Pre-Eclampsia ; physiopathology ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications ; physiopathology ; Risk Assessment ; statistics & numerical data ; Risk Factors