Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bile Duct Diseases ; diagnosis ; Bile Duct Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde ; Cytodiagnosis ; Cytological Techniques ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pancreatic Diseases ; diagnosis ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; diagnosis

The α4β2-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) is a ligand-gated ion channel that is distributed throughout the nervous system. It is involved in the regulation of various neurotransmitters including acetylcholine, dopamine, γ-aminobutyric acid, and norepinephrine. α4β2-nAChR plays an important role in learning, memory, cognition, attention, inflammation, and pain. A large number of studies have shown that α4β2-nAChR is an important therapeutic target for neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, depression, nicotine dependence, pain, etc. It is an important target in the early diagnosis and curative effect detection of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease. This review summarizes the role, mechanisms and related drug research advances on α4β2-nAChR ligand drugs in neurological diseases, as well as providing a theoretical basis for identifying and developing more suitable α4β2-nAChR-related compounds.

OBJECTIVETo study the inhibition effect of celastrol on neovascularization.

METHODSThe effect of celastrol on the in vitro proliferation of endothelial cell of vessel (ECV) was examined by MTT assay. The effect of celastrol on endothelial cell migration, tube formation on Matrigel and Chick chorioallantoic membrane angiogenesis was also examined. Matrigel plug assay was used to evaluate the effect of celastrol on angiogenesis in vivo.

RESULTSThe proliferation of ECV was inhibited significantly by celastrol with IC(50) being 1.33 microg/ml. Celastrol inhibited endothelial cell migration and tube formation in a dose-dependent manner. Celastrol also inhibited angiogenesis both in Matrigel plug of mouse model and in chick chorioallantoic membranes.

CONCLUSIONCelastrol, which can inhibit angiogenesis, could be developed as an antiangiogenic drug.

Angiogenesis Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Endothelial Cells ; drug effects ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Triterpenes ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the molluscicidal activities of methanol extract of Jatropha curcas leaves against Ampullaria gigas.

METHODSYoung snails, adult snails and eggs of Ampullaria gigas were treated with the methanol extract of J. curcas leaves at different doses for different time lengths and the molluscicidal effects of the extract were evaluated.

RESULTSThe methanol extract showed a significant molluscicidal effect on the young snails at a low concentration, and treatment with 75 mg/L extract for more than 3 days resulted in a 100% mortality rate of the young snails. The Jatropha leaf methanol extract also showed toxicity to adult snails and eggs.

CONCLUSIONJatropha leaves have a great potential for developing green pesticides to control Ampullaria gigas, but its biochemical mechanism needs further research.

Animals ; Jatropha ; chemistry ; Methanol ; chemistry ; Molluscacides ; pharmacology ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Snails ; classification ; drug effects

Objective To discuss the clinical value of transabdominal sonography after bowl preparation in diagnosis of ileocecal valve syndrome ( IVS) .Methods The ultrasonic features of IVS in 37 cases were summerized and correlated with the follow-up findings after conservative treatment or the pathologic results after operation .Twenty-eight cases were confirmed by follow-up and 9 cases by operative pathology.Results Among the 37 cases of IVS,28 were idiopathic IVS (75.7%,28/37) and 9 were secondary IVS (24.3%, 9/37%).For the secondary cases, the primary diseases included 5 acute appendicitis,2 Meckel diverticulum,1 terminal ileitis and 1 carcinoma of ascending colon .The diagnostic accuracy rate of ultrasound was 89.2%(33/37).Misdiagnosis rate was 10.8%(4/37),including 1 case of idiopathic and 3 cases of secondary IVS .The IVS ultrasonic images coulde be displayed clearly using 7.0-10.0 MHz probes.In fasting examination,three ultrasonic characteristic signss were found in interminal ileum region at the right lower abdomen .And these features were bagel-shaped sign [91.9%(34/37),average size (1.9 ±1.6) cm ×(0.8 ±0.3) cm],short sleevelet-shaped sign [91.9% (34/37,average size (2.1 ± 0.4)cm ×(1.3 ±0.2) cm],and rose-shaped sign [83.8% (31/37),average size (1.4 ±0.2) cm × (1.0 ±0.2) cm].The shapes of some signs were changeable when the probe compressed .In the case of idiopathic IVS ,several pathologic changes could be seen on sonography after intestinal tract filling of oral 20%mannitol,including slight thickened mucosa and submucosa of erminalileum ,enlarged ieocecal valve and the crocodile-mouth sign.Conclusions Transabdominal ultrasonic examination with high frequency probe after bowl preparation plays an important role in diagnosis of IVS .The method is simple and accurate and should be recommended and applied clinically .

OBJECTIVES: To study the metabolic mechanism of neonatal sepsis at different stages by analyzing the metabolic pathways involving the serum metabolites with significant differences in neonates with sepsis at different time points after admission. METHODS: A total of 20 neonates with sepsis who were hospitalized in the Department of Neonatology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, from January 1, 2019 to January 1, 2020 were enrolled as the sepsis group. Venous blood samples were collected on days 1, 4, and 7 after admission. Ten healthy neonates who underwent physical examination during the same period were enrolled as the control group. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry was used for the metabonomic analysis of serum samples to investigate the change in metabolomics in neonates with sepsis at different time points. RESULTS: On day 1 after admission, the differentially expressed serum metabolites between the sepsis and control groups were mainly involved in the biosynthesis of terpenoid skeleton. For the sepsis group, the differentially expressed serum metabolites between days 1 and 4 after admission were mainly involved in pyruvate metabolism, and those between days 4 and 7 after admission were mainly involved in the metabolism of cysteine and methionine. The differentially expressed serum metabolites between days 1 and 7 after admission were mainly involved in ascorbic acid metabolism. CONCLUSIONS The metabolic mechanism of serum metabolites varies at different stages in neonates with sepsis and is mainly associated with terpenoid skeleton biosynthesis, pyruvate metabolism, cysteine/methionine metabolism, and ascorbic acid metabolism.
Ascorbic Acid ; Cysteine ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Metabolomics ; Methionine ; Neonatal Sepsis ; Pyruvates ; Sepsis

Objective To compare the image quality of sinus coronal CT scan before and after the involvement of quality control circle (QCC) to explore QCC's effect.Methods A QCC team was founded in April 2014,in which 10 key steps of QCC activities were executed,and the related data from April to November 2014 were analyzed to determine the effect of QCC on coronary sinus CT examination.Results The rate of excellent film was increased from 69.5％ to 96.3％ after the involvement of QCC,and the desired requirement was met.Conclusion QCC contributes to improving coronary sinus CT examination and enhancing the ability of the members,and thus is worthy promoting clinically.

Objective To explore the thoughts and medication rules of the contemporary inheritors of Lingnan LUO's Gynecology in differentiating and treating menopausal syndromes based on data mining technology.Methods The medical records of menopausal syndrome differentiated and treated by the contemporary inheritors of Lingnan LUO's Gynecology in clinic were collected.The Ancient and Modern Medical Records Cloud Platform(V2.3.5)was used to perform frequency statistics,association rule analysis,cluster analysis and complex network analysis of the data of medical records.Results A total of 191 medical records and 191 prescriptions were finally included,involving 160 kinds of Chinese medicinals.The statistics of four-examination information and syndrome types showed that the pathogenesis of menopausal syndrome was characterized by deficiency of the origin,which resulted in the dysfunction of healthy qi and the disturbance of the pivot,and then multiple viscera were involved;among the syndrome types,liver and kidney yin deficiency syndrome was the most common type.There were 26 high-frequency Chinese medicinals with the frequency being or over 40 times,and the top 5 Chinese medicinals were Lilii Bulbus,Codonopsis Radix,Corni Fructus,Paeoniae Radix Alba,and Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata.Most of the medicines were sweet in flavor and mild in nature,and had the meridian tropism of the liver,heart,kidney and spleen meridians.A total of 15 pairs of high-confidence drug combinations were obtained after association rule analysis.Cluster analysis of high-frequency Chinese medicinals yielded 5 core drug combinations.The complex network analysis revealed the core prescription which was composed of Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata,Corni Fructus,Cuscutae Semen,Lilii Bulbus,Ziziphi Spinosae Semen,Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,and Margaritifera Concha.The association rule analysis showed that the drug pairs with high frequency of use were Ligustri Lucidi Fructus-Corni Fructus,Ligustri Lucidi Fructus-Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma.Conclusion For the treatment of menopausal syndrome,the contemporary inheritors of Lingnan LUO's Gynecology take the therapy of nourishing liver and kidney as the key,and also adopt the therapies of nourishing the heart and calming the mind,benefiting qi and invigorating the spleen,and harmonizing the pivot.The medicines prescribed by the inheritors mostly are sweet-light and mild tonics,and their prescription and medication rules are consistent with Professor LUO Yuan-Kai's academic thoughts.

Objective To explore the effects of heart rate changes after holding breath and time for recovering stable heart rate on the quality of coronary CTA.Methods Totally 700 patients undergoing coronary CTA examination in some hospital were enrolled into the study,whose data on initial heart rate at rest condition,maximal heart rate during breath holding,stable heart rate after breath holding as well as the time consumed for recovering stable heart rate were collected and analyzed.Results A heart rate trendgram was drawn to find out the rules for heart rate changes and time for recovering stable heart rate,so that proper retrospective or prospective scanning scheme could be determined.Conclusion Mastering the rules in heart rate changes and time for recovering stable heart rate contributes to guiding coronary CTA.

Objective To explore coronary CT three-dimensional post-processing standardized display and the construction of digital teaching platform. Methods The conventional display positions of 3D post-processing image were summarized during daily coronary CTA examination, the common place was refined. The construction mode was explored for CTA digital teaching demonstration platform. Results Coronary CTA 3D post-processing standardized display with common and individual property contributed to enhancing the display of coronary images. The CTA digital teaching demonstration platform met the teaching requirements. Conclusion The coronary CT 3D post-processing standardized display and digital teaching platform facilitate the student to master related knowledge.