Objective To evaluate the clinical significance of sinus heart rate turbulence(HRT)and the heart rate variability(HRV)in the patients with essential hypertension(EH).Methods HRV and HRT examination were carried out in sixty patients with EH.A subgroup of patients receive metoprolol+nifedipine(n=26)or nife- dipine alone(n=34)were investigated seperately to evaluate the effect of ?-blocker on the HRV and HRT.Fifty healthy persons were served as control.In the HRT determination,turbulence onset(TO)was defined as sinus heart rate acceleration,after ventrieular mature beat while turbulence slope(TS)as sinus heart rate deceleration slope after ventricular premsture beat.Normal value of TO was2.5 ms/RR period. SDNN,RMSSD,LF/HF in HRV were analysed from 24 hours ambulatory electrocardiography(before and after 1 month medication).Results ① In hypertensive group,52 patients showed positive TO(86.6%),48 patients pos- itive TS(80.0%)and 46 patients TO+TS(76.7%),compared with hypertension group only 2(4%)positive TO and 3(6%)positive TS in the healthy control.Forty-two cases SDNN(70.0%),41 cases RMSSD(68.3%)and 38 cases LF/HF(63.3 %)were positive in hypertensive group,while only 1(2 %)SDNN,1(2 %)RMSSD and 3(6 %) LF/HF in control. ② Metoprolol didn't change the positive percentage of parameters in HRT but parameters showing Heart rate variablity in HRV was decreased significantly found between TO,TS and TO+TS.Conclusion HRT and HRV is two indices for determination the dysfunction of autonomic nervous system in hypertension.?-re ceptor blocker inhibit sympathic activity,miligate the decreasing of HRV,but the bipbase accelerative and decelera- tive phenomena of HRT didn't change,HRT seems to be a more sensitive index for monitoring of autonomic sysfunc tion in hypertension.

Background and Objective: Mutations in DNA repair system are related to carcinogenesis.This study was to evaluate the correlations of polymorphisms and haplotypes of XPD gene with individual susceptibility to gastric cancer. Methods: Genomic DNA were extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes of 207 gastric cancer patients and 212 healthy controls. Genotypes at codon 312 and codon 751 polymorphic sites were identified by amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction(ARMS-PCR) or polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCRPFLP), respectively. Results: At codon 312, the frequency of GA or AA genotype was higher in the gastric cancer patients than in the healthy controls (P＜0.01,OR=3.41, 95% CI: 2.06-4.79; P＜0.01, OR=3.47,95% CI:1.39-8.68). No significant difference was found in the distribution of the polymorphism at codon 751 between the two groups(P＞0.05). By the haplotype AA (codon 312A-codon 751A) analysis, the frequency of heterozygote(-/AA) or homozygote (AA/AA) was higher in the patients than in the controls (P＜0.01 ,OR=2.81, 95% CI:1.82-4.34;P=0.02,OR=3.92, 95%CI:1.31-11.70,respectively). Whereas there were no significant differences of the other three haplotypes between the patients and the controls (P＞0.05).Conclusions: The polymorphism of XPD at codon 312 might contribute to the etiology of gastric cancer.The haplotype AA (codon 312A-codon 751A) would be a critical risk factor of the susceptibility to gastric cancer.

Background Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a monogenic inheritance and blinding disease of fundus oculi.There is not an effective therapeutic method now.Objective This work was to identify the mutations of RP1 gene in Chinese RP patients in Ningxia area and to explore the potential interactions in the pathogenesis of RP.Methods The periphery blood of 3-5 ml was collected from 110 individuals with RP(35 ADRP and 75SRP)and 100 normal controls in Ningxia area.Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct DNA sequencing were used to screening the sequence alterations in the entire coding region and splice sites of RP1 gene.Multivariate analysis and two web-based programs( PolyPhen and SIFT) were used to analyze the results.Results Eleven mutation locus were detected in the exon 4 of RP1 gene including two novel sequence variants:p.Lys1152Lys without a higher mutation rate in comparison with normal control group(x2 =9.12 P＜0.01 ),but c.* 247A＞C with a higher mutation rate in comparison with normal control group(x2 =12.77,P＜0.01 ) and c.* 247A＞C mutation was thought to be correlated with RP( r=1.11,P＜0.05 ).The other ten mutation locus were reported as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP).The mutation rate of p.Gln1725Gln was found to be higher in the RP patients than the normal controls (x2 =42.09,P＜0.01 ),but no the significant correlation was seen between the pathogenesis of RP and mutation of p.Gln1725Gln(r=1.74,P＞0.05).p.Lys1152Lys mutation was found in only 1 patient.Three SNPs( p.Arg872His,Ala1670Thr,Ser1691Pro) were always occurred in the same 83 RP patient and the relevance ratio was higher than controls ( P＜0.01 ).The age of night blindness on patients with concurrent three mutations was (30.54± 13.68 ) years,and the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.50 ± 0.38.The age of night blindness on patients without concurrent three mutations was(21.06± 16.24) years,and the BCVA was 0.40 ±0.33 and were higher than controls ( t =2.11,P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions In this study,the prevalence of RP1 mutations among the RP patients in Ningxia population was lower than other populations (＜ 1％ ).The alliance of SNPs (p.Arg872His、p.Ala1670Thr、p.Ser1691Pro) may play a protective role on RP patients and reduce the frequency of mutatiaon in RP1 gene.

OBJECTIVETo study the characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) V3 loop amino acid mutations among HIV-1 infected people in Liaoning province.

METHODSThe whole blood samples of the HIV carriers and AIDS patients were collected in Liaoning province, China and were extracted PBMC genome DNA. HIV-1 V3 and flanking region sequences were amplified by nest-polymerase chain reaction (nest-PCR) with env specific primers: ED5/ED12 and ED31/ED33. Products were sequenced directly and sequences were aligned, translated and analyzed.

RESULTSIn AIDS group, some amino acid mutations at specific position of V3 loop: S to R at position 11, H to S, T and N at position 13, A to V at position 19, F to Y at position 20, Q or D to N at position 25 and 29, were found and all common mutations were associated with T tropic/SI phenotype. The frequency of such amino acid mutations in specific positions was higher in AIDS group than that of the asymptomatic infection group (P < 0.05). In addition, we found some unusual tetramer compositions on the tip of V3 loop: GQGR, APGR and RPGA, GLGR, RPGA in addition to some rare mutations, such as: N to H at position 5 and H to S, F at position 34.

CONCLUSIONThe amino acid mutations on the V3 loop of HIV-1 epidemic in Liaoning province were in agreement with the results of subtype B, but we observed some rare mutations and unusual tetramer compositions on the tip of V3 loop.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; epidemiology ; virology ; Adult ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Genes, env ; genetics ; HIV Envelope Protein gp120 ; genetics ; HIV Infections ; epidemiology ; virology ; HIV-1 ; classification ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Viral Envelope Proteins ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo explore the function and motor pathway of remained cerebral hemisphere by studying motor evoked potential of both upper extremities on patients long term after anatomical hemispherectomy.

METHODSFive patients after anatomical hemispherectomy, who were marked 5 dispersive sites on head to perform transcranial magnetic stimulation. Recording motor evoked potential of target muscles (brachioradialis muscle and abductor pollicis brevis) of both upper extremities respectively when muscle resting and contracting.

RESULTSOnly affected abductor pollicis brevis of case 2 and only affected brachioradialis muscle of case 4 and 5 recorded motor evoked potential when muscle resting. Motor evoked potential of some cases can be recorded simultaneously in homonymous muscles of both sides when muscle resting or contracting.

CONCLUSIONSThere exists motor cortex that controls movement of ipsilateral limbs and also ipsilateral motor pathway of corticospinal connection at patients after anatomical hemispherectomy. It also means that the motor function of affected limbs has potency to recover well after hemispherectomy. The mirror movement after hemispherectomy is possible relate to overlap of both limbs' motor cortex.

Adult ; Evoked Potentials, Motor ; physiology ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemispherectomy ; Humans ; Male ; Motor Cortex ; physiopathology ; Postoperative Period ; Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ; Upper Extremity ; physiopathology

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of c-fos in rats' skin during wound healing. METHODS: Immunohistochemistry was conducted on paraffin section from incised wounding model of rat skin. RESULTS: Fos protein improved from the time of 10 min after wounding in the wound edge, then it reached peak at 3 h. 24 h after injury, the quantity of Fos expression had no difference with that of normal skin. CONCLUSION Fos is sensitive after wound, but should be used with other criteria in wounding interval estimation as it's unstediness.
Animals ; Genes, Immediate-Early ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos/biosynthesis* ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Skin/metabolism* ; Time Factors ; Wounds and Injuries/metabolism*

Objective To investigate the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on motor function of upper limbs of stroke patients. Methods 80 stroke patients were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. Both groups accepted routine rehabilitation, while the experimental group accepted anodal stimulation, and the control group received sham stimulation. They were assessed with Brunnstrom stages of arms and hands, Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) of upper extremities, Action Research Arm Test (ARAT), Motor Assessment Scale (MAS) and modified Barthel Index (MBI) before and 1 month after treatment. Results All the scores improved in both groups after treatment (P<0.05), and improved more in the Brunnstrom stages of arms and hands, FMA, ARAT in the experimental group than in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion tDCS may promote the recovery of arms and hands function of stroke patients.

Objective:To explore diagnostic value of echocardiography indexes for moderate-severe stenosis in CHD patients and their correlation with cardiac function class.Methods:A total of 90 CHD patients admitted to our hos-pital from Dec 2020 to Dec 2022 were selected as CHD group.According to NYHA classification,CHD group was divided into class Ⅰ～Ⅱ group(n=38)and class Ⅲ～Ⅳ group(n=52).The patients were divided into mild group(n=35)and moderate-severe group(n=55)according to Gensini score.In addition,90 healthy people who sim-ultaneously received physical examination in our hospital were enrolled as control group.LVEF,LVEDd and LVESd were measured in two groups by color ultrasound diagnostic instrument.Cardiac function indexes were com-pared between control group and CHD group,mild group and moderate-severe group,class Ⅰ～Ⅱ group and classⅢ～Ⅳ group.ROC curve was used to analyze the diagnostic value of above cardiac function indexes for moderate-severe stenosis in CHD patients.The correlation among LVEF,LVEDd,LVESd,different stenosis degree and NYHA class in CHD patients was analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis.Results:Compared with the control group,there was significant reduction in LVEF,and significant rise in LVEDd and LVESd in CHD group,P=0.001 all;compared with the mild group,there was significant reduction in LVEF[(45.31±5.08)％vs.(40.34±3.01)％],and significant rise in LVEDd[(53.92±5.09)mm vs.(61.68±4.79)mm]and LVESd[(52.72±4.72)mm vs.(58.06±3.50)mm]in moderate-severe group,P=0.001 all;compared with the class Ⅰ～Ⅱgroup,there was significant reduction in LVEF[(45.07±4.95)％vs.(40.23±3.06)％],and significant rise in LVEDd[(54.50±5.30)mm vs.(61.71±4.91)mm]and LVESd[(52.92±4.63)mm vs.(58.22±3.43)mm]in class Ⅲ～Ⅳ group,P=0.001 all.AUC of combined detection of LVEF,LVEDd and LVESd diagnosing moder-ate-severe stenosis in CHD was 0.909,which was significantly higher than those of single detections(0.733,0.787,0.789)(Z=2.925,2.125,2.043,P＜0.05 or＜0.01).Spearman correlation analysis showed a significant negative correlation between LVEF and NYHA class(r=-0.514),LVEDd and LVESd showed a significant posi-tive correlation with NYHA class(r=0.538,0.546,P=0.001 both),and it showed a significant positive correla-tion between different degrees of coronary stenosis and NYHA class in CHD patients(r=0.875,P=0.001).Con-clusion:The combined detection of LVEF,LVEDd and LVESd possesses high diagnostic value for moderate-se-vere stenosis in CHD patients,and it is significantly correlated with NYHA cardiac function class,which can be used as one of assessing methods for coronary stenosis severity in CHD patients.

This study was aimed to further investigate the function of platelet collagen receptor-glycoprotein VI and to screen its specific inhibitor. The extracellular domain of platelet glycoprotein VI (GPVI) in E. coli was expressed by recombinant technology, the extracellular domain cDNA of GPVI was amplified from pBluescript KS(-)-GPVI plasmid by PCR. Proved by sequencing, the expression vector pET-20b(+)-GPVI was constructed, which was then transformed into E. coli (BL21(DE3)pLysS) and induced by IPTG. The recombinant GPVI was purified on Ni-NTA resin column and renatured in PBS containing GSH and GSSG. The anti-penta His McAb and anti-GPVI polyclonal antibody were used to identify the recombinant GPVI in Western blotting. Collagen binding test was conducted to investigate the biological activity of recombinant GPVI. The results showed that the recombinant GPVI was expressed in E. coli and successfully purified, which was confirmed to be similar to the native GPVI in Western blotting. The recombinant GPVI can bind the type I collagen in dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, the recombinant GPVI can be achieved in E. coli and restore its native characteristics after renaturation.
Blood Platelets ; metabolism ; Blotting, Western ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; Humans ; Integrin alpha2beta1 ; Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Protein Binding ; Receptors, Collagen ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; isolation & purification

OBJECTIVETo identify histopathologic changes of major organs and to correlate clinical symptoms in patients infected by avian influenza H5N1.

METHODSAutopsy study was performed in two patients died of avian influenza HSN1 infection, following conventional protocols and strict safety procedures. Tissue samples from all major organs of two cases and lung samples of one case were collected and fixed in 4% formaldehyde. Histopathologic changes were evaluated by light microscope.

RESULTSDiffuse alveolar damage (DAD) of the lung was seen in both cases. Lesions at various stages of development were seen involving different areas of the lung. At the early stages, the lungs exhibited exudative changes, including capillary congestion, necrosis of alveolar epithelial cells, and intra-alveolar edema. Hyaline membranes were prominent and diffusely distributed along alveoli. In the middle-late stages of the disease, the lungs exhibited proliferative and fibrotic changes, including proliferation of pneumocytes and bronchial epithelium, fibrosis of the interstitium and alveolar spaces. Lung biopsy tissue of one case showed DAD and interstitial fibrosis in a background of bronchiectasis. Lymph nodes and spleens showed quantity reduction of lymphocytes and active hemophagocytosis. Other changes in major organs included interstitial carditis in one case and acute renal tubular necrosis in one case. In one case, the brain showed edema with cytoplasmic eosinophilia, loss of structure, axon welling and focal necrosis around ventricle. Multiple foci of trophoblastic necrosis with dystrophic calcification were observed in placenta of one pregnant patient. Acute necrotizing deciduitis was found focally. Sections of fetal lung showed edema and scattered interstitial neutrophils were consistent with acute interstitial pneumonitis.

CONCLUSIONSThe respiratory tract is the major target of avian influenza A H5N1 virus infection. The changes of DAD in the lungs resulted in hypoxia, leading to multiple organ failure and death.

Adult ; Alveolar Epithelial Cells ; pathology ; Animals ; Birds ; Fatal Outcome ; Female ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype ; pathogenicity ; Influenza in Birds ; pathology ; physiopathology ; virology ; Influenza, Human ; pathology ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Pulmonary Fibrosis ; etiology ; pathology