Objective To determine the dietary nutritional status of rural residents in Midwestern Shandong Province,in order to improve the dietary pattern and health status of them.Method 11 987 residents,from 10 273 households,were included in this study by multi-stage randomized cluster sampling in 8 counties located in Midwestern Shandong Province.Questionnaire of Food Frequency (QFF) was applied to collect the information about the amount and frequency of food consumed by the subjects in the past year.Results The average intake of cereal,vegetable,fruit,meat,egg,milk,bean,oil and salt per reference man per day was 553.9 g,310.6 g,58.2 g, 36.3 g,50.1 g,16.7 g,34.4 g,44.8 g and 12.3 g,respectively.The average intake of energy,carbohydrate,protein,fat and dietary fiber per reference man per day was 12 095.6 kJ,451.8 g,85.6 g,78.8 g and 18.7 g as well Cereal food provides 66.1% of total energy; however,the meat provides only 6.6% of that.Carbohydrate,protein and fat amount to around 63.2%,12.0% and 24.8% of total energy, respectively.24.0% of fat intake was from animal food,while 76% of that was from vegetable food.Conclusions The intake of energy, protein,fat was sufficient for these subjects;however,the intake of vegetable,fruit,bean and meat was lower than the dietary reference intake.Moreover,oil and salt intake in these subjects was much higher than Chinese Recommended Nutrient Intakes.Thus,the amelioration of dietary pattern in rural residents will be an important task for nutrition workers in rural area of Midwestern part of Shandong Province in the future.

Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Occupational Exposure ; Occupational Medicine ; standards

Objective To investigate the correlation between the serum ferritin levels and the post-stroke depression (PSD). Methods From July 2014 to October 2015, the inpatients with the first-ever acute ischemic stroke were colected consecutively. Chemiluminescence microparticle immune assay was used to measure the serum ferritin levels within 24 h after admission. Depressive symptoms were screened by using the 17-item Hamilton depression scale (HAMD-17) at 3 months after onset. In patients with a HAMD-17 score ≥7, the depression was further diagnosed according to The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition. Results A total of 200 patients with the first-ever acute ischemic stroke were enroled, 55 (27. 5% ) of them were diagnosed as PSD. There were significant differences in the body mass index (BMI), years of education, waist circumference, high sensitive-C-reactive protein, homocysteine, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score (at baseline, discharge, and day 90), mRs score (at discharge and day 90), BI (at discharge and day 90), and the proportions of widowed or solitary patients between the PSD group and the non-PSD group (al P < 0. 05 ). The serum ferritin level in the PSD group was significantly higher than that in the non-PSD group ( median [ interquartile range], 261. 90[142. 10-364. 90] μg/L vs. 164. 40[132. 50- 195. 10] μg/L; Z = - 4. 814, P < 0. 001 ). Multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for confounding factors showed that the baseline serum ferritin level >136. 375 μg/L was an independent risk factor for PSD (odds ratio 1. 041 per 1-quartile increase, 95%confidence interval 1. 009-1. 239; P = 0. 045). Conclusions The elevated baseline serum ferritin level is associated with PSD.

Current study was carried out to optimize the priming condition of Oldenlandia diffusa seeds, and improve germination rate and seed vigor of 0. diffusa seeds under drought conditions. Uniform design was used to optimize the concentration and priming time of three priming materials (PEG, KNO3, GA3). Different concentrations of polyethylene glycol (PEG) was used to simulate drought stress. The seedling was cultured in 1/4 Hoagland medium for 30 d. The results showed that seed priming treatment with 366 mg x kg(-1) GA3 for 1h resulted in significant increase in germination rate, germination index, vigor, root length, plant height and biomass of O. diffusa seeds under drought stress (15% PEG), while seed priming with 3.0% KNO3 for 1 h showed little effect on germination and growth of O. diffusa seeds under drought stress. Seed priming treatment with appropriate GA3 concentration and priming time could enhance seed germination and drought resistance of O. diffusa in seedling stage.
Droughts ; Germination ; Oldenlandia ; growth & development ; physiology ; Seedlings ; growth & development ; physiology ; Seeds ; growth & development ; physiology ; Stress, Physiological

Background The domestic and international researches discovered that many proteins and enzymes of the extracellular matrix (ECM) participate in the sclera remodeling by affecting the collagen typeⅠand fibronectin.Objective This study was to investigate the effect of matrixmetalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) on expression of collagen typeⅠand fibronectin of ECM in the posterior sclera by injecting liposomes containing tissue inhibitor of TIMP-2 gene into suprachoroidal space of the form-deprivation myopia in guinea pig.Methods Form-deprivation myopia was induced by translucent goggles in 36 clean guinea pig for 2 weeks.Then the animals were randomly assigned to TIMP-2 group,empty plasmid group,saline group and 12 for each group.Liposomes of 5μl containing TIMP-2 gene,empty plasmid and saline were suprachoroidally injected in the right eye respectively,and the left eyes without any treatment were used as self-control group.Other 12 matched guinea pigs only covered the right eyes through out the experimental duration as model control group.The guinea pigs were sacrificed and the posterior sclera tissue of the eyeballs were collected at 2,7 and 14 days after injection of drug.The expressions of collagen typeⅠmRNA and fibronectin mRNA were detected by semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).This study followed the Regulation for the Administration of Affair Concerning Experimental Animals by State Science and Technology Commission.Results The expression level of collagen type Ⅰ mRNA in the posterior sclera of guinea pig was lower but that of fibronectin mRNA was higher in TIMP-2 group than self-control group,showing significant differences between them (P＜0.05).The expression level of collagen type Ⅰ mRNA in the posterior scleral tissue began to increase from the 2nd day after drug injection and was obviously elevated at the 7th day and then gradually decreased at the 14th day.However,the expression level of fibronectin mRNA in the posterior scleral tissue showed the opposite pattern.The expression levels of collagen typeⅠmRNA and fibronectin mRNA at the 7th after drug injection were significantly lower than that at the 2nd day or 14th day (P＜0.01).Conclusion Suprachoroidal injection of TIMP-2 in form-deprivation myopia could up-regulate the expression of collagen typeⅠmRNA and down-regulate the expression of fibronectin mRNA in the posterior scleral tissue.It may slow down the sclera remodeling of form-deprivation myopia in guinea pig in the early stage.

OBJECTIVETo elucidate the molecular background of Del phenotype in the Chinese population and explore new Del alleles.

METHODSFive hundred and fifteen RhD negative blood samples was tested by Rh typing test, indirect antiglobulin test and adsorption and elution assay to screen the Del phenotype. DNA of all the Del samples was analysed by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (MPX PCR) for the presence of RHD and by sequence-specific primer polymerase chain reaction (PCR-SSP) for Del alleles: RHD 1227A and RHD 885T. Samples which showed the negative result by PCR-SSP, were additionally analysed by genomic DNA sequencing and cDNA sequencing.

RESULTSSeventy-nine Del samples were found by adsorption and elution assay. All these samples had RHD exons 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 9. Except 4 Del samples, other 75 Del samples carried the RHD 1227A allele. None of the samples had the RHD 885T allele. Four novel RHD alleles were found in these four Del sample. There were RHD 3G-->A (GenBank DQ310735), RHD 28C-->T, RHD 53T-->C (GenBank DQ451877,DQ451878), RHD 251T-->C (GenBank DQ310734).

CONCLUSIONfnRh blood group system is very complex. New D variation phenotypes and new RHD alleles may be discovered ceaselessly.

Alleles ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Base Sequence ; China ; Gene Frequency ; Genetics, Population ; methods ; Genotype ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Phenotype ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Rh-Hr Blood-Group System ; genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

BACKGROUNDTo avoid the irritation of tendons and soft tissues as well as hardware-related problems, we designed an intramedullary fixation with bioabsorbable rods for the treatment of the metacarpal shaft fractures.

METHODSFive patients with nine shaft fractures of the fourth and fifth metacarpi were treated with intramedullary absorbable implants and followed up with an average of 4.2 months postoperatively.

RESULTSAt final follow-up, all patients achieved fracture union with no signs of inflammatory or subcutaneous effusion. There was no shortening, angulatory, or rotatory deformity. There was almost full active extension range of motion (ROM) of the metacarpophalangeal joints while the active flexion ROM of these joints was 80.7 ± 9.6°. Compared with the contralateral hand, the grip strength of the injured hand was 94.0 ± 9.6%. X-rays showed that the arch of the second to fifth metacarpal heads was smooth. There were no intramedullary lytic changes and soft tissue swellings.

CONCLUSIONThe intramedullary absorbable implants are a safe, simple, and practical treatment for fourth and fifth metacarpal fractures with good early clinical outcomes and no significant complications.

Absorbable Implants ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; methods ; Fractures, Bone ; surgery ; Humans ; Internal Fixators ; Male ; Metacarpal Bones ; injuries ; surgery ; Range of Motion, Articular ; physiology ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

To solve the issues of costly planting of facility cultivation method and inferior efficacy than wild herbs of Dendrobium officinale, the cliff epiphytic cultivation method was studied. To research the growth, agronomic traits, yield, polysaccharide and alcohol-soluble extract contents were measured on the D. officinale from different water regulation and cliff slope gradients treatments. The results showed that D. officinale epiphytic at 85 degrees-90 degrees cliff and sprayed water 1-2 h x d(-1) at the growing season can get better growth and obtain high yield, and the morphology has no different from wild cliff D. officinale, even in the environments without shade. The contents of polysaccharide and alcohol-soluble extract are closely related to the physiological ages, but significantly higher than the facility cultivation. It is possible that environmental stresses benefit the accumulation of polysaccharides, alcohol-soluble extract and other efficient ingredients.
Agriculture ; methods ; Dendrobium ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Polysaccharides ; analysis ; Water ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo investigate effects of low-dose cyclophosphamide and prednisone (CP) metronomic chemotherapy on microvessel density of bone marrow, serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and platelet derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB)in multiple myeloma (MM) patients.

METHODS54 refractory or relapsed MM patients were treated with CP metronomic chemotherapy consisted of oral cyclophosphamide (CTX, 50 mg/d) and prednisone (Pred, 15 mg/d). Bone marrow and peripheral blood of each patient were collected before and 2, 4, 6 months after treatment. Among the 37 assessable patients, 30 cases were responsive with the response rate of 81.08%. Another 17 cases were follow-uped less than 6 months or failure to obtain serum samples or lost to follow-up. Microvessel density of bone marrow was measured by immunohistochemistry and serum VEGF/PDGF-BB expression was analyzed by ELISA in the 37 assessable patients.

RESULTS2, 4, 6 months following CP metronomic chemotherapy, microvessel densities of bone marrow in the responders were 33.1 ± 4.8/HP, 24.8 ± 3.7/HP, 19.7 ± 2.1/HP respectively; the expressions of VEGF were (394 ± 57) ng/L, (268 ± 32) ng/L and (217 ± 20) ng/L respectively; the expressions of PDGF-BB were (304 ± 31) ng/L, (274 ± 31) ng/L and (196 ± 22) ng/L respectively. After CP metronomic chemotherapy, there were significantly lower of microvessel density, VEGF and PDGF-BB levels than pretreatment \[MVD 48.5 ± 5.9/HP, VEGF (517 ± 60) ng/L, PDGF-BB (484 ± 60) ng/L\]in the responders (P < 0.01). While in the non-responders, after treated by CP metronomic chemotherapy for 2 months, microvessel density, the expression of VEGF and the expression of PDGF-BB were 32.5 ± 4.7/HP, 512 ± 39 ng/L and (452 ± 39) ng/L respectively. There were no significant changes of MVD, VEGF and PDGF-BB levels compared with pretreatment \[MVD 33.2 ± 5.6/HP,VEGF (498 ± 55) ng/L, PDGF-BB (488 ± 44) ng/L\] (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSOur findings suggested that continuous low-dose CP metronomic chemotherapy could decrease microvessel density of bone marrow in MM patients. Furthermore, it down-regulated expression of serum VEGF and PDGF-BB to exert its anti-angiogenesis in MM.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Angiogenesis Inhibitors ; administration & dosage ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Cyclophosphamide ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Microvessels ; drug effects ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma ; blood ; blood supply ; drug therapy ; Prednisone ; administration & dosage ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis ; blood ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; blood

OBJECTIVETo establish the controls for allele detection of blood groups s and Ok(a). A multiplex PCR method for the detection of three blood group antigens Fy(a), s and Ok(a) was developed and used to investigate the distribution of these blood groups in Chinese random blood donors.

METHODSPolymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based, gene site-directed mutagenesis (SDM) technique were used to make site-directed mutagenesis for the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites of the blood group alleles (the 153 C/T point mutation of the GYPB gene, and the 274 G/A point mutation of the BSG gene) as controls for allele detection. Sequence specific primers were designed according to the SNP sites of alleles of blood group antigens Fy(a), s and Ok(a). A multiplex PCR system was developed and 438 random donor samples were screened for the blood group antigens Fy(a), s and Ok(a).

RESULTSThe controls for alleles in blood groups s and Ok(a) were successfully made with the SDM technique, a multiplex PCR system was set up and successfully used to analyze the genotypes of three blood group antigens Fy(a), s and Ok(a). Two Fy(a-) samples were detected in the 438 samples, no s- and Ok(a-) sample was found.

CONCLUSIONThe PCR-based SDM technique can be used to obtain the unavailable controls in blood group genotyping. The multiplex PCR technique established in this study is an efficient genotyping method for blood groups Fy(a), s and Ok(a).

Alleles ; Base Sequence ; Blood Donors ; Blood Group Antigens ; genetics ; Blood Grouping and Crossmatching ; standards ; Genotype ; Humans ; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; standards ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Reference Standards