Objective To explore the effects of modified tubo-uterine implantations performed on women with proximal tubal occlusive infertility after femal sterilization with mucilago phenol.Methods Two hundred and eight infertile women who were admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University between 1986 and 2004 were included.They all accepted modified tubo-uterine implantation after occlusion of fallopian tubes with mucilago phenol.Results It was found that the occlusions were all located in the interstitial portion or isthmic portion of the fallopian tubes.Different degrees of pelvic adhesions were found in 65 cases.Fifty-seven cases were slightly adhesive,seven cases were of moderate degree and one case was severe.One hundred and ninety-nine cases were followed up after operations(95.7%).One hundred and ninety-three women accepted hydrotubation in the following month just after the operation and 185 women were found to be unobstructed(95.8%).One hundred and forty-three women became pregnant, the pregnant rate being 71.9%(143/199).One hundred and twenty-five women had term deliveries (87.4%),three women were in early pregnancy and two in midtrimester pregnancy.Eleven women had spontaneous abortion(7.7%).Two women had tubal pregnancy(1.0%).None of the 199 cases had any signs of endometriosis.Conelusions Modified tubo-uterine implantations are quite effective for proximal tubal occlusive infertility.It may be a favorable method for such kind of tubal occlusions.

Objective： The current stady was designed to investigate the reconstitution of T cell receptor repertoire in the patients with chronic Graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD). Methods： The TCR repertoire in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 5 cGVHD patients was examined after PCR amplification of 24 Vβ gene subfamilies. Results： Only 2－8 Vβ subfamily T cells were found in the samples from these patients, and there were different demonstrations in different patients. We found Vβ T cells proliferated in 4 patients. Conclusion： The TCR repertoire complexities was abnormal in all patients,Vβ may be associated with cGVHD, and the method may be demonstrated the reconstitution of T cell after transplantation.

OBJECTIVETo investigate cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and its relationship with mismatch repair (MMR) protein expression and microsatellite instability (MSI) in hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC).

METHODSA total of 28 cases of colorectal adenoma and 14 cases of colorectal carcinoma were collected between July 2003 and July 2007 from 33 HNPCC families. Sporadic colorectal adenoma (n=32) and carcinoma patients (n=24) served as controls. With samples of tumor tissues and normal colonic mucosa collected from the patients, the protein expressions of COX-2 and MMR (hMLH1, hMSH2, and hMSH6) were examined with immunohistochemical assay. Frequency of MSI in five standard MSI loci BAT25, BAT26, D2S123, D5S346, and D17S250 were analyzed by means of polymerase chain reaction.

RESULTSThe rate of COX-2 high-expression was 53.6% (15/28) and 42.9% (6/14) in HNPCC adenoma and carcinoma; 62.5% (20/32) and 91.7% (22/24) in sporadic adenoma and carcinoma, respectively. That rate was lower in HNPCC carcinoma than in sporadic carcinoma (Pü0.05). MMR-deletion rate and percentage of high-frequency MSI (MSI-H) in HNPCC carcinoma were higher than those in sporadic colorectal carcinoma [both 71.4% (10/14) vs. 12.5% (3/24), both Pü0.01]. Among the 10 MMR-deficient HNPCC carcinoma patients, COX-2 low-expression was observed in 8 cases (80.0%), while COX-2 high-expression was observed in all of the 4 MMR-positive HNPCC carcinoma cases (Pü0.05). In comparison to MMR positive HNPCC carcinoma, HNPCC adenoma, and sporadic carcinoma, COX-2 expression was significantly lower in corresponding MMR-deficient cases (all Pü0.05). The rates of COX-2 low-expression in HNPCC adenoma, HNPCC carcinoma, and sporadic carcinoma with MSI-H were significantly higher than those in the cases with microsatellite stability (all Pü0.05).

CONCLUSIONCOX-2 is expressed at a low level in HNPCC carcinoma, different from the high COX-2 expression in sporadic carcinoma.

Adult ; Aged ; Base Pair Mismatch ; Base Sequence ; Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis ; genetics ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; genetics ; DNA Primers ; DNA Repair ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Microsatellite Repeats ; genetics ; Middle Aged

To solve the issues of costly planting of facility cultivation method and inferior efficacy than wild herbs of Dendrobium officinale, the cliff epiphytic cultivation method was studied. To research the growth, agronomic traits, yield, polysaccharide and alcohol-soluble extract contents were measured on the D. officinale from different water regulation and cliff slope gradients treatments. The results showed that D. officinale epiphytic at 85 degrees-90 degrees cliff and sprayed water 1-2 h x d(-1) at the growing season can get better growth and obtain high yield, and the morphology has no different from wild cliff D. officinale, even in the environments without shade. The contents of polysaccharide and alcohol-soluble extract are closely related to the physiological ages, but significantly higher than the facility cultivation. It is possible that environmental stresses benefit the accumulation of polysaccharides, alcohol-soluble extract and other efficient ingredients.
Agriculture ; methods ; Dendrobium ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Polysaccharides ; analysis ; Water ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo investigate the influence of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP-2) on the infiltrative patterns of human monocytic leukemic cell line SHI-1 in nude mice.

METHODS1) 1 x 10(7) TIMP-2 gene transduced SHI-1 (SHI-1-TIMP-2) and SHI-1 transduced MSCV gene (SHI-1-MSCV) cells were inoculated via tail vein into 6-week nude mice, which pretreated by splenectomy, cytoxan intraperitoneal injection, and sublethal irradiation(referred as SCI nude mice). 30 days after inoculation, half of the mice were sacrificed, and the infiltration patterns were investigated by histological exam and human CD45 immunohistochemistry, other mice were observed for survival time. 2) Leukemic cells inoculated subcutaneously into the axillary area of mice without any pre-treatment. On day 23 and 30, mice were sacrificed to measure the volume of neoplasm. TIMP-2 protein expression and the micro vein density were detected by immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSIn SCI nude mice inoculated via caudal vein with SHI-1-TIMP-2 cells, the survival time was shorter and infiltration (including in central nervous system) was higher than that in those inoculated with SHI-1-MSCV cells. However, in inoculated subcutaneously group, the neoplasm though grew rapidly at first, over expression of TIMP-2 limited the tumor growth and angiogenesis.

CONCLUSIONThe functions of TIMP-2 are diversity; the role of TIMP-2 in tumor infiltration and metastasis was worthy of further investigation.

Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; DNA, Complementary ; genetics ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Leukemia, Experimental ; genetics ; pathology ; Leukemic Infiltration ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 ; genetics ; Transfection

This study was purposed to construct three siRNA eukaryotic expression vector specific to mouse Qa-1 gene, to investigate its silencing effect on Qa-1 gene and to select the most efficient siRNA plasmid specific to mouse Qa-1 gene. Three siRNA peptides specific to mouse Qa-1 through siRNA Web design tools of Ambion company were chosed. Jingsai Company helped to complete the siRNA eukaryotic expression vector. The mouse NIH3T3 cells cultured in RPMI 1640 medium with 10% fetal bovine serum were divided into four groups: three groups of the cells were transfected with lipofectamine 2000 reagent and three different siRNA eukaryotic expression vectors, while one group cells were transfected with lipofectamine 2000 reagent alone as negative control. Cells were collected at 24, 48, 72 hours after transfection; the RNA level of Qa-1 was detected by RT-PCR, and the expression position was examined with flow cytometry analysis by using anti-Qa-1 monoclonal antibody. The results indicated that the constructed three siRNA eukaryotic expression vectors were found to be specific to mouse Qa-1 gene. The sequence analysis showed that the sequence was identical to what chosed from web tools. NIH3T3 cells in vitro were adhered in culture that cell shape appeared to change after transfection. RT-PCR and flow cytometry analysis by using anti-Qa-1 monoclonal antibody approved that both Qa-1 RNA and the expression of Qa-1 on cell surface decreased. The decreased levels in the three groups were different. At 24, 48 and 72 hours, the expression of Qa-1 on NIH3T3 cells decreased as in the following: H2-T231: 60.9%, 81.9%, 43.6%; H2-T232: 64.5%, 73.9%, 61.1%; H2-T233: 61.9%, 71.2%, 47.5%. H2-T232 was most efficient one in all three time points. It is concluded that all three siRNA eukaryotic expression vectors selected can successfully suppress the expression of the Qa-1, and from them H2-T232 is most efficient.
Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cells, Cultured ; Gene Silencing ; Genetic Vectors ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class I ; genetics ; Mice ; NIH 3T3 Cells ; Plasmids ; RNA, Small Interfering ; genetics ; Transfection

BACKGROUNDInteractions of tumor cells with the microenvironment were deemed to promote the tumor invasion and metastasis. CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN) had reported to participate in this process. However the roles of bone marrow microenvironment in leukemic infiltration were not well investigated.

METHODSA co-culture system between SHI-1 cells and bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) is used to simulate the interactions of leukemic cells with their microenvironment. The trans-matrigel invasion was used to detect the capability of SHI-1 cells invasion. The BMSCs and SHI-1 cells were mixed in a ratio of 1:10 and added to the millicell chamber coated with matrigel. Either the co-culture supernatant or the functional blocking peptide of CXCR4 and EMMPRIN were added to the trans-matrigel invasion system. The expressions of EMMPRIN in SHI-1 cells and BMSCs were detected by RT-PCR. The changes of the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2, 9 (MMP-2, MMP-9), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP-2), and CXCR4 mRNA in SHI-1 cells were determined by real-time PCR. The concentration of stromal cell derived factor 1 (SDF-1) in serum free supernatant was measured by ELISA.

RESULTSBoth SHI-1 cells and BMSCs express EMMPRIN. SHI-1 cells could hardly invade the matrigel membrane; the coculture supernatant did not induce the invasion of SHI-1 cells. When contacting directly with BMSCs, SHI-1 cells invaded to the lower chamber of millicell were significantly increased. The functional blocking peptide of CXCR4 and EMMPRIN could significantly inhibit the invasion triggered by BMSCs. When co-culturing with BMSCs, the expression of CXCR4, MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMP-2 mRNA in SHI-1 cells were significantly elevated in company with a significantly higher level of SDF-1 in the co-cultured serum-free supernatant.

CONCLUSIONThe interactions of leukemic cells and BMSCs play important roles in leukemic cell infiltration.

Basigin ; physiology ; Cell Communication ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Coculture Techniques ; Humans ; Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute ; pathology ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; physiology ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Receptors, CXCR4 ; physiology

Objective To discuss the feasibility for quantitative assessment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by sequence of diffusion weighted imaging and hydrogen proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy.Methods Thirty patients with NAFLD and twenty-six normal volunteers were enrolled in an experiment group,and 25 healthy volunteers were selected into a control group.All the patients and volunteers underwent CT and MRI examinations.With the ratio of liver-to-spleen CT value as reference standard,the correlation and difference of ADC value,value of water peak,the area under water peak,values of lipid peak and area under lipid peak and fat fraction were measured and compared between the two groups.Results There was positive significant correlation between ratio of liver-to-spleen CT value and ADC value (r=0.92,P＜0.05),and negative significant correlation between ratio of liver-to-spleen CT value and lipid peak and area of lipid peak (r=-0.91 and r=-0.96,respectively;all P＜0.05),there was significant negative correlation between ADC value and lipid peak and area of lipid peak (r=-0.91,P＜0.05),and ADC value,the values of water peak,lipid peak and area under peak and fat fraction were different between the two groups (P＜0.05).Conclusion There is significant correlation and difference between DWI and 1H-MRS in evaluating NAFLD,which has the potential to quantitatively diagnose the severity and degree of fatty liver.

Background and Objective: Long-term use of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors can reduce the incidence of digestive cancers, such as colorectal cancers. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) is an important marker of cellular abnormal proliferation.This study was to evaluate the roles and correlation of COX-2 and PCNA in the onset and development of familial adenomatous polyposis(FAP) diseases.Methods: Thirty-six specimens of FAP adenomas tissues and 32 specimens of FAP carcinoma tissues from 11 FAP families, and 34 specimens of normal colonic mucosa were collected under colonoscopy from November 2004 to July 2007 in the General Hospital of Beijing Military Command.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expressions of COX-2 and PCNA. Results: The positive expression rates of COX-2 in normal colonic mucosa, FAP adenoma,and carcinoma tissues were 0(0/34),80.6%(29/36),and 93.8%(30/32),respectively.Proliferation index (PI) in normal mucosa,FAP adenoma,and carcinoma tissues were 17.79±7.49,34.47±10.57,and 71.75±9.22,respectively.Expressions of COX-2 and PCNA were significantly higher in the FAP adenoma and the carcinoma tissues than in the normal colonic mucosa (P＜0.01). The expression of PCNA was significantly higher in the FAP carcinoma tissues than in the FAP adenoma (P＜0.01). The expression of PCNA was higher in the FAP adenoma tissues with positive COX-2 than in the FAP adcnorma tussues with negative COX-2 (P＜0.01). Conclusions: COX-2 may play an important role in the development of FAP adenomas and colorectal carcinogenesis. COX-2 and PCNA may be important factors in the research on colorectal precancerous lesions and interventional therapy for colorectal neoplasm.

OBJECTIVE To improve uptake and cytotoxicity of the drug on MCF-7 cells by developing a poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm) nanogel for Quercetin (Que) METHODS The PNIPAm nanogel was optimized by an orthogonal design and its structure was confirmed by FT-IR.A single factor experiment was used to optimize the formulation of quercetinloaded nanogel (Que-PNIPAm).The particle size,surface morphology and drug loading were characterized and the in vitro release behavior was investigated.Cytotoxicity of MCF-7 cells induced by Que-PNIPAm was investigated by CCK-8 method.The qualitative and quantitative cellular uptake studies were investigated by fluorescence microscope and flow cytometry,respectively.The mechanism of cellular uptake was investigated by the inhibitor method.RESULTS The particle size and drug loading of Que-PNIPAm were measured as (166.1±2.87)nm and 3.18％,respectively.Nanogel exhibited spherical morphology and uniform size distribution observed by electron microscopy.Compared to free Que,Que-PNIPAm significantly increased inhibition rate of MCF-7 cells.Que-PNIPAm also showed higher cell uptake efficiency and more effective antitumor activity at 42 ℃.Colchicine and 2-deoxyglucose have an inhibitory effect on MCF-7 cells uptake.CONCLUSION The prepared nanogel shows small particle size,thermosensitive property,which could significantly enhance the capacity of cellular uptake and tumor cytotoxicity.The mechanism of cellular uptake demonstrates tubulin is involved in the internalization of the nanogel into MCF-7 cells.