The volatile components of roots and stems of Zanthoxylum nitidum were investigated by supercritical fluid carbon dioxide extraction (SFE-CO2) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS). Thirty-one and fifty-one compounds were identified in the supercritical extracts from roots and stems of Z. nitidum, respectively, and total twenty-seven compounds were the common constituents. Among them, the major constituents in root and stem supercritical extracts were spathulenol (18.49 and 26.18%), n-hexadecanoic acid (14.24% and 12.79%), ar-tumerone (6.95% and 8.88%), oleic acid (8.39% and 5.71%) and hexanoic acid (4.39% and 7.78%). The in-vitro MTT assay showed that the volatile components of roots and stems of Z. nitidum did not exhibited any cytotoxic activity against human cancer Huh-7 and normal IEC-6 cells. These results indicated the same nature of the volatile constituents in the root and stem of Z. nitidum. This investigation may provide further evidence for expansion of medicinal parts of Z. nitidum.
Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Chromatography, Supercritical Fluid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; toxicity ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; methods ; Humans ; Mice ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; Zanthoxylum ; chemistry

Objective:To explore the quality of life in patients with primary insomnia.Methods:Comprising 85 patients diagnosed as primary insomnia and 57 healthy controls,the study analyzed and compared the differences in quality of life between the two groups.Results:(1)Compared with healthy controls,the patients with primary in- somnia decreased in quality of life.total score,Physical functions,psychological function and social function in pri- mary insomnia group were significantly lower than those in control group in score of generic quality of life inventory (score:254.9?26.4/287.1?30.4,t=-5.15,P

Objective Multimeric cyclic RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) peptides are capable of improving the integrin αvβ3-binding affinity due to the polyvalence effect.In this study,the authors prepare 99Tcm-la-bearing cyclic RGD tetramer E{E[c(RGDfK)]2}2,and evaluate its biodistribution and imaging in nude mice beating U87 MG human glioma xenografts with integrinαvβ3-positive.Methods 99Tcm-hydrazino-nictinamide (HYNIC)-E{E[c(RGDfK)]2}2 was prepared by two-step method,while HYNIC wag chosen as bifunctional chelator,and tricine and trisodium triphenylphosphine-3,3,3-trisuifonate (TPPTS) as coligands.The af-finity of c (RGDyK) monomer,HYNIC-E[c(RGDfK)]2 dimer and HYNIC-E{E[c(RGDfK)]2}2 tetramer to integrin αvβ3 was compared by in vitro competitive assay against binding of 125I-c(RGDyK)to integrin αvβ3.positive U87 MG human glioma cells.The biodistribution [the percentage of injection dose per gram of tissue(%ID/g)] and imaging were performed in nude mice bearing UB7MG human glioma xenografts.Re-suits The labeling yield of 99Tcm-HYNIC-E{E[c(RGDfK)2}2 was over 95%,and the radiochemical purity was more than 99%after purification with Sop-Pak C18 cartridge.The 50%inhibiting concentration (IC30) val-ues of c(RGDyk),HYNIC-E[c(RGDfK)]2 and HYNIC-E{E[c(RGDfK)]2}2 were 85.9,9.5 and 4.5 nmol/L, respectively.The result indicated that RGD tetramer possessed a significantly higher affinity to in-tegrinαvβ3.The biodistribution data showed that 99Tcm-HYNIC-E{E[c(RGDfK)]2}2 was excreted mainly through kidneys.The tumor uptake of 99Tcm-HYNIC-E{E[c(RGDfK)]2}2 was two times higher than 99Tcm- HYNIC-E[c(RGDfK)]2,at 1h postinjection,with the uptake of(10.32±0.07)%ID/g and(5.15±0.52)%ID/g,respectively,which was consistent with the in vitro competitive binding data.The tumor up-tale of 99Tcm-HYNIC.E{E[c(RGDfK)]2}2 was still as higher as(9.35±1.35)%ID/g at 4 h postinjec-tion, which demonstrated that the retention time of radiotracer in tumor was long enough.The imaging showed that tumor was clearly visualized at 1h postinjection,and the image at 4 h postinjection Was better.Conclusion The higher tumor uptake and longer retention time in tumor make 99Tem-HYNIC-E{E[c(RG-DfK)J 2}2 a promising radiotracer for integrinαvβ3-positive tumors imaging,furthermore,suggest that radi-onuelides(such as 90Y).1abeled RGD tetramer is more suitable for the therapy of integrin αvβ3-positive tumors.

OBJECTIVE: The injury instruments were identified and studied according to the cleaver traces on bone. METHODS: The bone and fresh shrub branches were cut with the same part of the same cleaver respectively. To visualize the traces on the bone by histological processing and to match the traces on bone and branch by the comparison microscope. Then to analyze the character of traces on the bone. RESULTS: Cutting-line traces made by cleaver on the bone can be fully matched with those in the shrub branch sample. CONCLUSION Cleaver traces on the bone can be displayed clearly and shown at micro level. It will provide a new method for the identification of suspected weapon.
Bone and Bones/pathology* ; Expert Testimony ; Femur/pathology* ; Forensic Pathology/methods* ; Humans ; Microscopy, Electron/methods* ; Violence ; Wood ; Wounds and Injuries

Objective To explore the status quo of job stress and happiness in nurses of three grade A hospitals and mediation effects of hope between above two elements. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted. The Hope Status Scale, The Nurse's Job Stressor Scale, General Well-Being Schedule and self-designed demographic questionnaire were delivered to 1200 nurses from nine hospitals. Results The path analysis results showed that the direct effect of job stress on the subjective well-being was-0.193, the indirect effect was (-0.486) × 0.456=-0.222, the total effect of working pressure on the subjective well-being was-0.415, the indirect effect of total effect was 53.49％. want direct effect on subjective well-being of 0.456, job stress on the direct effect of hope for-0.486. Conclusion Hope to play an intermediary role between nurses' job stress and subjective happiness. In the process of trying to reduce nurses' job stress, we should make full use of the intermediary significance of hope to help nurses with low level of hope to build hope and improve their happiness level.

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical effects of delayed open reduction and locking compressing plate (LCP) plus bone-grafting in medullary cavity for the distal comminuted fractures of tibia.

METHODSTwenty-nine patients with the distal comminuted fractures of tibia were treated between March 2006 and September 2008, including 19 males and 10 females, ranging in age from 27 to 58 years with an average of 42.5 years. From wounded to hospital, the time was from 2 to 4 hours. According to AO classification, type 43-A1 were in 3 cases, type A5 in 12 cases, type A3 in 9 cases and type 43-C1 in 5 cases. Among them, there were 11 cases with open fracture (type Gustilo I in 5 cases, type Gustilo II in 6 cases) and 18 cases with closed fracture. Calcaneal traction was done in earlier stage (plaster external fixation in 5 cases), keeping the nagative liquid balance and electrolyte balance and improving the microcirculation. After the swolen limbs relieved markedly in 8 to 12 days,operating was done by open reduction and LCP internal fixation plus bone-grafting with own ilium in medullary cavity. Functional exercise was undergone in earlier stage and the wounded limbs loading weight on 10 to12 weeks after operation when the X-ray revealed the callus formed markedly.

RESULTSThe incision healed well without severe complication. All patients were followed up for from 6 to 14 months with an average of 12 months. All cases obtained bone union. According to the Mazur's evaluation standard, the results were excellent in 25 cases, good in 3 cases, and fair in 1 case.

CONCLUSIONThe above treatment can reduce the damage of periosteum and medullary cavity, shorten the time of bone healing and decrease the rate of bone nounion markedly. The internal fixation was reliable and less complacation after surgery, but it is very important for the right preoperation assessment to soft tissue injuries and the good operation timing choice.

Adult ; Bone Plates ; Bone Transplantation ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; Tibial Fractures ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; surgery ; therapy ; Time Factors ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo investigate apoptosis of tumor infiltrating dendritic cells (TIDC) and their expression of Fas/FasL (CD95/CD95L) in human endometrioid adenocarcinoma.

METHODSThe apoptotic rate of TIDC was measured in 45 cases of endometrioid adenocarcinoma and 20 cases of normal endometrium tissues (control) by double-label immunohistochemistry using the monoclonal antibody S-100 protein and TUNEL technique. The expressions of Fas and FasL in TIDCs were detected using double-label immunohistochemistry and imaging analysis.

RESULTSThe apoptotic rate of TIDCs in endometrioid adenocarcinoma were significantly higher than that in normal endormetrium [(13.02∓0.64)% vs (6.82∓0.53)%, P<0.05]. The expression levels of Fas in the TIDCs were significantly lower, whereas FasL expression significantly higher in endometrioid adenocarcinoma than in normal endormetrium (7.88∓1.05 vs 19.25∓3.03, P<0.05; 12.95∓2.25 vs 7.51∓1.14, P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONIncreased apoptosis of the TIDCs and abnormal expression of Fas/FasL in TIDCs in endometrioid adenocarcinoma may lead to tumor immune escape.

Apoptosis ; physiology ; Carcinoma, Endometrioid ; immunology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Case-Control Studies ; Dendritic Cells ; immunology ; Endometrial Neoplasms ; immunology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Fas Ligand Protein ; genetics ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating ; immunology ; Tumor Escape ; fas Receptor ; genetics ; metabolism

Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) is a series of clinical programs on base of evidence-based perioperative optimization management,focusing on clinical multidisciplinary cooperation,with an attempt to improve patient's outcomes, reduce complications, and shorten postoperative hospitalization. Anesthesia plays an important role in many aspects of ERAS, including patient education,preoperative evaluation and optimization, anesthesia choice and medication,fluid therapy, temperature monitoring, and postoperative analgesia. This review explores new understandings and points on clinical anesthesia in ERAS management.
Anesthesia ; Fluid Therapy ; Humans ; Postoperative Period

Adult ; Humans ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Laryngoscopy ; Prospective Studies ; Ultrasonography

Chylothorax ; congenital ; drug therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Octreotide ; therapeutic use