Objective To explore the effective method for in vitro culture of the dendritic cells(DCs) and the specific anti-leukemic cell effect mediated by dendritic cells pulsed with acute myelogenous leukemia antigen. Methods Bone marrow mononucleas cells (BMMNCs) isolated from AML patients were induced to undergo differentiation with 500 ng/ml A23187 and pulsed with AML antigen. After 96 h, DCs and T cells were co-cultured for 5 to 7 days. The cytotoxic activity of cytotoxic T lymphocyte(CTL) to AML were detected with MTT colorimetry. Results BMMNCs isolated from AML patients treated with 100 ng/ml rhGM-CSF in combination with 500 ng/ml A23187 for 96 h exhibited typical morphology of DCs with rapidly increased expression of CD1a and CD83 (P<0.01). Dendritic cells pulsed with acid eluted tumor antigen peptides group displayed the strongest cytotoxic activity of CTL to AML. There was a significant difference between two groups(P<0.01). Conclusion BMMNCs isolated from AML patients can be successfully induced to DCs with rhGM-CSF and A23187 and dendritic cells pulsed with acid eluted tumor antigen peptides group had the strongest cytotoxic activity of CTL to AML.

Azabicyclo Compounds ; blood ; Chromatography, Gas ; Humans ; Piperazines ; blood ; Serum ; chemistry

Aging ; Health ; Humans ; Longevity

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Drug Overdose ; epidemiology ; Female ; Hospitals, General ; statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Poisoning ; epidemiology ; Young Adult

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pesticides ; poisoning ; Young Adult

Air ; analysis ; Air Pollutants, Occupational ; analysis ; Chromatography, Gas ; methods ; Octanes ; analysis ; Workplace

Objective To compare and evaluate the effect of PBL in clinical teaching of Pediatrics.Methods Among students of Grade 2002 in our university,two types of PBL,pre-learning and case-discussion,were used in their clinical learning of Pediatrics. And then,their effects were evaluated and compared with those of traditional learning method.Results More than 60% of the students agreed with PBL methods,and they considered PBL favorable to practice scientific logical thinking of clinical affairs,to increase their capabilities of learning,oral expression,communication and cooperation.The teachers agreed with PBL methods too for the better learning effect resulting from PBL.Conclusion PBL fits the needs of medical learning reformation.To train new type of doctors in century 21st,it is necessary to use kinds of new learning methods,including PBL methods and standardized patient (SP)in clinical teaching.

Objective The purpose of this paper is to screen inborn errors of meta bolism (IEM) by analyzing urinary components, so as to provide laboratory guide for their diagnosis and therapy.Methods Urine samples of patients suspected to have IEM were collec- ted.Urea was de compo sed with urease and n-heptadecanoic acid was added as internal standard.Protein was denatured with ethanol and precipitate was removed by centrifugation,dried b y evaporation, the residue was trimethylsilylly derivatized with BSTFA/TMCS,and then analyzed with GC-MS for quantification of organic acids, amino acids,suga rs, polyols, purines and pyrimidines, simultaneously. This procedure is denom inated as urease pretreatment-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (UP-GC-MS) internationally.Results Urinary samples of 327 patients from 6 provinces, cities and autonomous regions were analyzed,and 16 kinds of 27 cases of IEM were screened out with a positiv e rate of 8.26%,among which there were 3 cases of hyperphenylalaninemia,3 cases of glyceroluria,3 cases of Leigh syndrome, 2 cases of propionic acidemia, 2 case s of methylmalonic aciduria, 2 cases of von Gierke′s disease, 2 cases of fructo se-1,6-diphosphatase deficiency, 2 cases of fructosuria, 1 cases of multiple car boxylase deficiency, 1 cases of glutaric acidemia typeⅠ, 1 cases of maple sy rup urine disease, 1 cases of hyperglycinemia, 1 cases of 3-aminoisobutyric acid uria,1 cases of adult-onset typeⅡcitrullinemia,1 cases of galactosemia and 1 ca ses of Fanconi′s syndrome.Several IEM patients above had died,but satisfactory therapeutic effects had been achieved in some diseases,in cluding multiple carboxylase deficiency,methylmalonic aciduria and galactosemia. Other patients′ condition remained to be followed up.Conclusion Analysis of urinary components by UP-GC-MS provides a valuable tool for screenin g of IEM and the results will help to provide effective diagnostic and therapeut ic guide for the patients. J Appl Clin Pediatr,2005,20(2):142-144

In recent years, the study of autophagy in spinal cord injury (SCI) gradually becomes the hot spot. However, the function of autophagy in the injured spinal cord is still controversial. In order to further understand the role of autophagy after SCI, we summarized the activation of autophagy, autophagic cell death, the relationship between autophagy and apoptosis, the function of autophagy in promoting the molecular metabolism and the role of autophagy after spinal cord injury. We concluded that the role of autophagy after SCI is a double-edged sword. Upregulating the level of autophagy appropriately can promote damaged proteins metabolism and inhibit apoptosis. However, excessive activation of antophagy may induce autophagic cell dealth. So we consider that the proper regulation of autophagy will be a new target in the treatment of SCI.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; Autophagy ; physiology ; Humans ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; etiology ; pathology

Objective To investigate the effects of essential trace elements selenium, zinc, copper, iron,cobalt, chromium and molybdenum upon arsenic poisoning caused by coal-burning. Methods Stratified random sampling method was used to conduct epidemiological investigation on 139 arsenic exposed residents(including nonpatient, light, moderate and severe patients) in an area polluted by coal-burning arsenic in Xingren county of Guizhou province as exposure group. Control group included 34 residents who lived about 13 km away from the endemic area of arsenic contamination. Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) was used to analyze arsenic, selenium, zinc, copper, iron, cobalt, chromium and molybdenum in coal, soil, rice,corn, chilli, hair, blood and urine. Results Arsenic content in coal, soil, corn and chilli of polluted area were 4.894,146.551,0.522,1.440 mg/kg, respectively. These arsenic content were significantly higher than those in control area which were 1.980,50.167,0.296,0.948 mg/kg, respectively(P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01) . The content of selenium in soil of the diseased area(5.038 mg/kg) was significantly lower than that in soil of control area(8.948 mg/kg, P ＜0.05). The content of copper, iron, chromium in soil and iron in corn were 44.114,5731.500,98.323,89.996 mg/kg, respectively. These elements content were significantly higher than those in control area which were 13.473,1298.430,36.839,57.391 mg/kg, respectively (all P ＜ 0.05) . Hair and urine arsenic levels were 1.985mg/kg and 149.593 μg/g Cr in exposed group, respectively. These arsenic levels were significantly higher than those in control group which were 0.670 mg/kg and 49.853 μg/g Cr, respectively(all P ＜ 0.01) . Hair selenium level in exposed group(1.706 mg/kg) was significantly lower than that in control group(2.405 mg/kg, P ＜ 0.01). Hair levels of iron and chromium, blood level of eopper and the ratio between copper and zinc in exposed group were 88.295,8.933 mg/kg, 1.053 mg/L and 0.074, respectively. These element levels and elements ratio were significantly higher than those in control group which were 47.970,4.099 mg/kg, 0.934 mg/L and 0.065, respectively(P ＜ 0.01 or ＜ 0.05). Hair selenium level was negatively correlated with the progression of arsenism(r = - 0.414, P ＜ 0.01) .Hair levels of iron and chromium, the ratio between copper and zinc in blood were positively correlated with the progression of arsenism(r = 0.271,0.261,0.250, all P ＜ 0.01) . Conclusions Low selenium, high copper, high iron and high chromium coexists in arsenic polluted area. In exposed group, hair selenium is low, hair iron and chromium, blood copper and ratio between copper and zinc are high. These element changes with environment trend.These element changes are associated with the occurrence and development of the disease caused by coal-burning.