The characteristic fingerprint of conventional dairy Nanhanshuishi was established by X-ray diffraction (XRD), based on similarity of caculation on public peaks by MATLAB software, and the feasibility of new dairy technology of microwave method was explored between XRD and the dissolution rate in artificial simulation gastric juices. The result showed that similarity of shared peak in XRD of conventional dairy Nanhanshuishi was > 95%, This XRD characteristic fingerprint of conventional dairy Nanhanshuishi had strong specificity, could be used to provide a reference for identification and quality evaluation. This study also showed that the similarity of microware dairy products and conventional dairy products was good, and the sample of microwave 15 min was the best, and new dairy method by the microwave could replace the traditional method.
Animals ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; instrumentation ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Medicine, Tibetan Traditional ; Microwaves ; Milk ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; X-Ray Diffraction

Three butylphthalide derivatives were isolated from the Rhizome of Ligusticum chuanxiong using a series of isolation and purification approaches including macroporous resin, ODS-A column, Sephadex LH-20 and preparative HPLC. These structures were elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic data (UV, IR, HR-ESI-MS and NMR) and identified as (3Z,3aE)-(6R,7R,2'S)-6-hydroxy-7-(2-carboxyl-2-hydroxyethylthio)-3-(2-hydroxybutylidene)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-phthalide (1), (3Z,3aZ)-3-butylidene-6,7-dihydroxy-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-phthalide 7-O-α-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-fructo-furanoside (2) and 3-(3-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy-butylidene)-7-hydroxy-phthalide (3).

Objective To observe the effects of five flavonoids include rutin(RU),dihydromyricetin(DMY),hesperetin(HP),daidzein(DA)and hydroxysaffor yellow A(HYSA)on myocardiocyte apoptosis induced by H2O2 and to explore their relationships with Keshan disease and the possible mechanism.Methods Primary cultured cardiocytes of neonatal rats were randomly divided into control group,model group,and flavonoids preincubation group.The cardiocyte apoptosis was examined by fluorescent staining,the rates of apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry,the expression of Bcl-2 family proteins associated with apoptosis were observed:by Western blot.Results Compared with model group[(24.33±6.51)%],RU[(13.95±3.80)%],DA[(11.82±3.50)%],HYSA[(12.33±3.78)%]could decreased the rate of apoptosis(P＜0.05).The five flavonoids could up-regulate Bcl-2 expression,down-regulate Bax expression,and increase the Bcl-2/Bax ratio[RU(0.989±0.094),DMY(0.931±0.280),HP(0.980±0.095),DA(1.049±0.092),HYSA(1.031±0.039),vs model(0.490±0.046),the difference had statistical significances(P＜0.05)],but the Bcl-xl did not significantly changed(P＞0.05).Conclusions RU,DMY,HP,DA and HYSA have antiapoptotic effects on cardiomyocyte via regulating Bcl-2 and Bax,which gives us a hint in prevention and treatment of Keshan disease.

OBJECTIVETo study the validity of single plane Simpson's method with conventional X-ray ventriculography for estimation of right ventricular (RV) volume.

METHODSFifteen human RV casts were obtained from 15 subjects who died from non-cardiac causes within 24 hours after death. These casts were photographed respectively and their volumes were calculated by using the single plane Simpson's method based on a new half-circle model. The actual RV cast volumes were determined by water displacement method.

RESULTSThe actual RV volume was (64.23 +/- 24.51) ml and the calculated volume was (58.04 +/- 24.45) ml. The calculated RV volume underestimated the actual volume by (6.19 +/- 12.38) ml, but there was no significant difference between the actual and the calculated RV volume (P > 0.05). There was a significant correlation between the actual cast volume and the calculated volume (r = 0.983, P < 0.01). The regression equation was: RV actual volume = 1.074 x (RV calculated volume).

CONCLUSIONRV volume calculated by single plane Simpson's method with conventional X-ray ventriculography is accurate and deserves further study.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Angiocardiography ; methods ; Cardiac Volume ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Feasibility Studies ; Female ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Models, Cardiovascular ; Ventricular Function, Right ; X-Rays ; Young Adult

BACKGROUND: There are many studies on the correlation between vascular endothelial growth factor and scar,but the correlation between angiopoietin-1 and scar is rarely reported.OBJECTIVE: To explore the expression of angiopoietin-1 and its correlation with angiogenesis during scar formation.METHODS: New Zealand white rabbits irrespective of gender were enrolled, and the scar models were established at the ear ventral center. The scar tissue and normal ear ventral tissue were removed at 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after epithelialization. The morphology of scar formation was observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining, changes of angiogenesis during scar formation were observed through immunohistochemical staining of CD34, and the expression level of angiopoietin-1 was detected by western blot assay.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The expression level of angiopoietin-1 in the scar tissue was increased firstly, peaked at 2 weeks after epithelialization, then decreased gradually, and the lowest at 12 weeks close to the normal value. The number of microvessels was the highest at 4 weeks after epithelialization and then decreased gradually. The number of mature vessels was on a rise. Number of mature vessels/total number of microvessels tended to be increased. The expression of angiopoietin-1 was correlated negatively with the number of mature vessels, and number of mature vessels/total number of microvessels during scar formation (P < 0.05). To conclude, angiopoietin-1 may play an important role in angiogenesis during scar formation.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the influence of sea water immersion on inflammation and healing of the wounds in scalded rats.

METHODSOne hundred and forty-four male Wistar rats with 10% TBSA superficial partial-thickness scald were randomly divided into A (n=72, with scald) and B (n=72, with seawater immersion for 4hrs immediately after scald) groups. The serum contents of K+, Na+, Cl- were determined at 0 post-scald hour (PSH), 6PSH, 12PSH and 24 PSH with electrocyte analysis apparatus, and the changes in serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) levels were determined at 0 PSH, 6PSH and 12 PSH with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The histopathological changes in the rats of the two groups were observed, and wound healing time was respectively calculated.

RESULTSThe serum contents of K+, Na+, Cl- in B group were obviously higher than those in A group. And the serum content of TNF-alpha and IL-6 in B group at 6 PSH [(140 +/- 22) ng/L, (160 +/- 41) ng/L] were significantly higher than those before scald [(29 +/- 15) ng/L, (62 +/- 17)] ng/L and in A group [(120 +/- 12) ng/L, (124 +/- 22) ng/L, ( P < 0.05)]. Compared with A group, re-epithelization of the wound differentiation in all layers of epidermis were delayed in B group, with more severe wound swelling, exudation, and topical inflammatory response. The wound healing time in B group was (16.3 +/- 1.6) d, which was obviously longer than that in A group [(14.1 +/- 1.8) d, P < 0.05)].

CONCLUSIONSea water immersion combined with scald injury can aggravate the inflammatory response of the wound and delay the wound healing process.

Animals ; Burns ; pathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Inflammation ; Interleukin-6 ; analysis ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Seawater ; adverse effects ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; analysis ; Wound Healing

To prepare anti-mouse uteroglobin binding protein (mUGBP) polyclonal antibody, two polypeptides were synthesized based on the bioinformatics analysis of mUGBP, and New Zealand white rabbits were immunized separately with each peptide coupled with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH). The data indicate that a 13-amino acid polypeptide (positions 221st-233rd) was able to generate anti-peptide antibodies. The titer of the antisera detected with ELISA was 1:10(8). The antisera were then purified with immuno-affinity chromatography to obtain antibodies. Western blot analysis of mUGBP expressed as a fusion protein with a green fluorescent protein (GFP) was performed on the cell lysates of COS-1 cells with the purified antisera, suggesting that the antisera specifically recognized UGBP. By immunohistochemistry and indirect immunofluorescence analysis, we examined the expression of UGBP in the lung tissues from a patient undergoing surgical lung resection for a tumor and from normal mouse lung tissue, and found for the first time that UGBP protein was widely expressed in both mouse and human lung tissue with the most abundant expression in bronchial epithelial cells. These results suggest that the antigen epitopes of mUGBP are well predicted by using bioinformatics analysis. We have obtained anti-mUGBP polyclonal antibody, which will be useful for further investigation.
Animals ; Antibodies ; chemistry ; COS Cells ; Carrier Proteins ; chemistry ; Cercopithecus aethiops ; Computational Biology ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Hemocyanins ; Humans ; Immune Sera ; Immunohistochemistry ; Mice ; Rabbits ; Recombinant Proteins ; chemistry ; Uteroglobin

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of making the osteoarthritis (OA) model in the medial collateral ligament and the medial meniscus excision in rats,and to explore the mechanism of MMP-13 and ADAMTS-5 protein in the cartilage of rat osteoarthritis models.Methods Forty SD rats were randomly divided into model group(n =30) and sham operation group(n =10).The knee joint OA model was made from the medial collateral ligament of the knee and the medial meniscus,and the sham operation group was sutured after opening the capsule of the knee joint.Rats in the model group were killed at 4,6,and 8 weeks after the operation,and the sham operation group died of the rats at 8 weeks after the operation.The articular cartilage tissue of rats was taken.The expression level of MMP-13 and ADAMTS-5 protein in cartilage tissue was detected by Western blot and immunohistochemistry.Results Cartilage degeneration was observed in the model group 4 weeks after operation,and degeneration was further aggravated at 6 and 8 weeks.There was no significant degeneration in the sham operation group.There was a significant difference in the articular cartilage score between the two groups (P ＜ 0.05).The results of Western blot detection showed that the protein expression of MMP-13 and ADAMTS-5 was low in the sham operation group.The MMP-13 model began to rise for 4 weeks,and continued to rise in the 6th week,and the 8th week was lower than that of the previous one.The protein expression had significant difference in all groups at 4 weeks,6 weeks and 8 weeks (P ＜ 0.05).The ADAMTS-5 model began to rise for 6 weeks,and the expression level was maintained before the model was maintained for 8 weeks.The protein expression at 4 weeks compared to that at 6 weeks and 8 weeks had significant difference(P ＜0.05).The protein expression in rat articular cartilage tissue at 6 weeks and 8 weeks had no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).The expression trend of immunohistochemical detection protein was consistent with that of Western blot.Conclusion The animal model of OA can be established by using the method of medial collateral ligament dissection and medial meniscectomy.The expression level of MMP-13 and ADAMTS-5 in different stages of OA has changed significantly.Further research is needed to explore its related signaling pathways.

Acute Disease ; Adult ; Aged ; Aneurysm, Dissecting ; complications ; Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic ; complications ; Coronary Artery Bypass ; Coronary Artery Disease ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

A fermentation system composed of four airlift suspended-bed bioreactors in series and with a total working volume of 4800 mL was established. Continuous ethanol fermentation using self-flocculating yeast SPSC01, a fusant from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe, and two-stage enzymatic hydrolyte of dry milling corn powder, was continuously run for 120 days. All of the backset distillage collected after distilling the final beer was used to mix the corn powder and no any other wastes except the solid residue of corn powder was discharged from the fermentation system, which guaranteed the distillage to be recycled at its maximum. The experimental results revealed that both ethanol and residual sugar in the final beer could be maintained relatively stable with their average levels of 93.6 and 7.9 g/L, respectively when the fermentation system was operated at the dilution rate of 0.05 h(-1). Parameter oscillations reported previously were also observed for the first and second bioreactors, but were effectively attenuated thereafter, which indicated that high yeast cell concentrations resulted from the self-immobilization of this special self-flocculating strain contributed to damp these oscillations. The monitoring of residual nitrogen and phosphor indicated that the accumulations of these nutritional elements occurred and the amount of these inorganic salts supplemented in the substrate should be decreased properly.
Bioreactors ; microbiology ; Ethanol ; metabolism ; Fermentation ; Flocculation ; Immobilization ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; metabolism ; Schizosaccharomyces ; metabolism ; Zea mays ; metabolism