1.Risk assessment of public health emergencies in Zhejiang Province, March 2021
WANG Xin Yi ; WU Chen ; MIAO Zi Ping ; SUN Wan Wan ; YU Zhao ; ZHOU Yang ; ZHU Yao ; WU Hao Cheng ; FENG Yan ; CHEN Yi Juan ; LIN Jun Fen
Journal of Preventive Medicine 2021;33(3):217-220
Objective:
To assess the risk of public health emergencies in Zhejiang Province, March 2021.
Methods:
An expert counsel was conducted to assess the risk of coronavirus disease 2019 ( COVID-19 ) , enteritis due to norovirus, chicken pox and influenza by professionals in Zhejiang CDC, based on the information from infectious disease and public health emergency surveillance in Zhejiang Province, domestic health administrative departments, World Health Organization, and European CDC.
Results:
In March 2021, the risk of imported COVID-19 epidemic will be high in Zhejiang Province, and the possibility of local spread could not be ruled out. The possibility of a large-scale outbreak of enteritis due to norovirus and a small-scale outbreak of chickenpox in schools and kindergartens could not be ruled out after the new term begins. An increased risk of influenza epidemic is predicted in collective units such as schools and kindergartens, yet the risk of a large-scale one will be low.
Conclusion
High attention should be paid to COVID-19 and enteritis due to norovirus, and general attention should be paid to chicken pox and influenza outbreak.
2.Infliximab protects against pulmonary emphysema in smoking rats.
Xiang-Yan ZHANG ; Cheng ZHANG ; Qian-Yun SUN ; Dan LI ; Rong-Rong LUO ; Zi-Fen WAN ; Xian-Wei YE ; Wei-Jia LIU ; Shan-Shan RAO ; Jing HAN
Chinese Medical Journal 2011;124(16):2502-2506
BACKGROUNDIt is widely accepted that tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of emphysema. This study aimed at investigating the protective effects of anti-TNF-α antibody, infliximab, in the development of emphysema induced by passive smoking in rats.
METHODSThirty-nine rats were randomly divided into a normal control group (group 1), an emphysema group (group 2), and an infliximab-intervention group (group 3). Rat models of emphysema were established by exposure to cigarette smoking daily for 74 days. After 1 month, the infliximab intervention group was treated with infliximab via subcutaneous injection. The levels of TNF-α, IL-8 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The number and classification of cells in the BALF were measured. Lung tissue sections stained by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) were observed, and mean linear intercept (MLI) and mean alveolar numbers (MAN) were measured. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) methods were used to examine the percentage of positive cells and distribution of apoptotic cells.
RESULTSThe levels of TNF-α and IL-8 in BALF were higher in group 2 than in group 1 and group 3. The MLI was greater in group 2 than that in group 1 and group 3 while MAN was decreased. The concentration of VEGF in BALF of group 2 was significantly decreased as compared with group 1. The total cells and neutrophils number was significantly increased in group 2 as compared with group 1 and group 3, so was the percentage of neutrophils. The number of TUNEL positive cells in the alveolar septa was significantly increased in group 2 as compared with group 1 and group 3.
CONCLUSIONInfliximab protects against cigarette smoking-induced emphysema by reducing airway inflammation, attenuating alveolar septa cell apoptosis and improving pathological changes.
Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; therapeutic use ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; chemistry ; cytology ; Infliximab ; Interleukin-8 ; metabolism ; Male ; Pulmonary Alveoli ; cytology ; drug effects ; Pulmonary Emphysema ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; prevention & control ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tobacco Smoke Pollution ; adverse effects ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism
3.Lung pathology and pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome: a report of six full autopsies.
Fei PEI ; Jie ZHENG ; Zi-fen GAO ; Yan-feng ZHONG ; Wei-gang FANG ; En-cong GONG ; Wan-zhong ZOU ; Sheng-lan WANG ; Dong-xia GAO ; Zhi-gang XIE ; Min LU ; Xue-ying SHI ; Cong-rong LIU ; Jing-ping YANG ; Yu-ping WANG ; Zhi-hui HAN ; Xiao-hong SHI ; Wen-bin DAO ; Jiang GU
Chinese Journal of Pathology 2005;34(10):656-660
OBJECTIVESevere acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is an emerging infectious disease that first manifested in humans in November 2002. The SARS-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) has been identified as the causal agent, but the pathology and pathogenesis are still not quite clear.
METHODSPost-mortem lung samples from six patients who died from SARS from April to July 2003 were studied by light and electron microscopy, Masson trichromal staining and immunohistochemistry. Evidence of infection with the SARS-CoV was determined by reverse-transcription PCR (RT-PCR) , serological examination and electron microscopy.
RESULTSFour of six patients had serological and RT-PCR evidence of recent infection of SARS-CoV. Morphologic changes are summarized as follows: (1) Diffuse and bilateral lung consolidation was seen in all patients (6/6) with increasing lung weight. (2) Diffuse alveolar damage was universal (6/6) with hyaline membrane formation (6/6), intra-alveolar edema/hemorrhage (6/6), fibrin deposition (6/6), pneumocyte desquamation (6/6). A marked disruption in the integrity of the alveolar epithelium was confirmed by immunostaining for the epithelial marker AE1/AE3 (6/6). (3) Type II pneumocytes, with mild hyperplasia, atypia, cytomegaly with granular amphophilic cytoplasm and intracytoplasmic lipid accumulation (5/6). (4) Giant cells in the alveoli were seen in five of 6 patients (5/6) , most of which were positive for the epithelial marker AE1/AE3 (5/6), but some cells were positive for the macrophage marker CD68(2/6). (5) A pronounced increase of macrophages were seen in the alveoli and the interstitium of the lung (6/6), which was confirmed by histological study and immunohistochemistry. (6) Haemophagocytosis was present in five of the 6 patients(5/6). (7) Lung fibrosis was seen in five patients(5/6), with alveolar septa and interstitium thickening(5/6), intraalveolar organizing exudates (6/6) and pleura thickening (4/6). Proliferation of collagen was confirmed by Masson trichromal staining, most of which was type III collagen by immunostaining. The formation of distinctive fibroblast/myofibroblast foci was seen in five patients (5/6) by light microscopy and immunochemistry. (8) Squamous metaplasia of bronchial mucosa was seen in five patients(5/6). (9) Thrombi was seen in all patients(6/6). (10) Accompanying infection was present in two patients, one was bacteria, the other was fungus. In addition, electron microscopy revealed viral particles in the cytoplasm of alveolar epithelial cells and endothelial cells corresponding to coronavirus.
CONCLUSIONDirect injury of SARS-CoV on alveolar epithelium, prominent macrophage infiltration and distinctive fibroblast/myofibroblast proliferation may play major roles in the pathogenesis of SARS.
Adult ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; metabolism ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic ; metabolism ; Epithelium ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Keratins ; immunology ; Lung ; pathology ; ultrastructure ; virology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pulmonary Alveoli ; pathology ; Pulmonary Fibrosis ; etiology ; pathology ; SARS Virus ; isolation & purification ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; virology
4.Novel carbohydrate-triazole derivatives as potential α-glucosidase inhibitors.
Zi-Pei ZHANG ; Wan-Ying XUE ; Jian-Xing HU ; De-Cai XIONG ; Yan-Fen WU ; Xin-Shan YE
Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines (English Ed.) 2020;18(10):729-737
A series of novel pyrano[2, 3-d]trizaole compounds were synthesized and their α-glucosidase inhibitory activities were evaluated by in vitro enzyme assay. The experimental data demonstrated that compound 10f showed up to 10-fold higher inhibition (IC74.0 ± 1.3 μmol·L) than acarbose. The molecular docking revealed that compound 10f could bind to α-glucosidase via the hydrophobic, π-π stacking, and hydrogen bonding interactions. The results may benefit further structural modifications to find new and potent α-glucosidase inhibitors.
5.Research progress of dummy template molecularly imprinted polymers in separation of natural products.
Zi-Long CHEN ; Xin YANG ; Ya-Fen WU ; Fei LI ; Na WAN ; Xiang ZHOU ; Ling-Ling PAN ; Bin LI
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2020;45(4):809-815
The dummy template molecularly imprinted polymers not only has such characteristics of normal imprinted polymers as rapid identification, easy preparation, stable structure and multiple reuse, but also can imprint the compounds in natural products that are not suitable as direct template. Therefore, it has drawn more and more attention in the field of the study of natural products. This paper summarizes the methods for the selection of dummy template molecules by investigating the relevant literatures in the past ten years, analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of dummy template molecules in the practical application, and based on the types of natural products active ingredients, this paper is the first to review of the latest progress in extraction and separation of dummy template molecularly imprinted polymers. We believed that this paper could provide references for better applications of the dummy template molecularly imprinted polymers to extract and separate natural products.
Biological Products/chemistry*
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Chemical Fractionation
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Molecular Imprinting
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Polymers
6. Prognostic significance of locally invaded sites and tissue types in patients with nasal extranodal natural-killer/T-cell lymphoma: a single-center retrospective analysis
Ge-Hong DONG ; Yong LI ; Ji-Yong DONG ; Xue LI ; Hong-Fei WAN ; Lei YANG ; Jing-Wen WANG ; Li-Ping GONG ; Yi-Hua ZHAO ; Hong ZHANG ; Zi-Fen GAO ; Hong-Gang LIU
Chinese Medical Journal 2019;132(11):1305-1313
Background:
Extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL), nasal type, is an aggressive entity within the World Health Organization classification of lymphoid tumors. The International Prognostic Index is reported to be prognostically meaningful for ENKTL, but lacks discriminatory power for stage I/II ENKTL with extensive local invasion. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic effects of local invasion by site and tissue type in patients with ENKTL.
Methods:
We retrospectively analyzed data of 86 patients who were diagnosed with ENKTL by the Department of Pathology of Beijing Tongren Hospital from June 2002 to April 2016, and ascertained tumor infiltration of adjacent structures (AS), bone, and soft tissue for each patient, using physical findings and imaging scans. We used univariate and multivariate analysis to assess the association of each involved tissue or site with patients’ overall survival (OS).
Results:
Of the 86 patients, 71(82.6%) experienced invasion of AS, 22(25.6%) of soft tissue, and 26(30.2%) had bone involvement. Overall, patients with AS involvement did not show significantly shorter survival than those without AS involvement (Log rank χ2 = 1.177,