Objective To characterize the molecular characteristics of hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) of influenza B viruses isolated in Jiangsu province,2011.Methods Thirteen strains of influenza B virus in different areas and epidemic period in Jiangsu province,2011 were selected for whole-genome sequencing,and analysis of molecule epidemic characteristics for HA and NA was carried out by bioinformatics method.Results Of the 13 randomly selected influeuza B strains,10 strains were assorted to Victoria lineage strains with NA genes from Yamagata lineage,and 3 strains belong to Yamagata lineage.Compared nucleotide and amino acid sequences of HA and NA genes with their vaccine strains respectiuely,196/197 glycosylation site appeared on HA1 gene in Yamagata/Victoria isolates virus.Conclusion Both B/Victoria and B/Yamagata lineage viruses co-circulated in Jiangsu province,and reassortant virus of Victoria lineage were predominant virus.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and safety of the parenteral administration of various quantities of amino acid in preterm infants.

METHODSPreterm infants (birth weight 1000-2000 g) recruited into the study were randomized into three groups. High amino acid group (HP): 2.4 g/(kg.d) of amino acid IV within 24 hours after birth increasing by increments of 1.2 g/(kg.d) to a maximum of 3.6 g/(kg. d); medium amino acid group (MP): 1.0 g/(kg.d) of amino acid IV 24 hours after birth, increasing by increments of 0.5 g/(kg.d) until a maximum of 3.0 g/(kg.d); and low amino acid group (LP): 0.5 g/(kg.d) of amino acid on D3, increasing by increments of 0.5 g/(kg.d) until a maximum of 3.0 g/(kg.d) as the final dose.

RESULTSTotally 96 preterm infants were recruited: HP 34, MP 32 and LP 30. There were no significant differences in demographic or clinical characteristics among the 3 groups. HP group showed lower postnatal weight loss (43.4 g, 95% CI 74.3, 12.6) and weight loss% (2.84%, 95% CI 4.79%, 0.71%) than LP group. HP group showed shorter length of stay in NICU (5.25 d), days to reach 2000 g (7.03 d) and days to tolerate 100 kcal/(kg.d) enteral nutrition (4.52 d) than LP group. Cost of hospitalization was significantly lower in HP group than in LP group (-6275 RMB, 1 US$=8 RMB) and MP group (-5715 RMB). Mean serum RBP (D4), threonine and tyrosine levels were significantly higher in HP group than in LP group. Serum insulin levels were similar; mean serum glucose level was lower in HP group than in LP group. HP infants had lower incidence of sepsis than LP infants (21.9% vs 40.0%). There were no significant differences in the levels of blood ammonia, acid-base balance (as determined by pH and NaHCO3-), BUN, Cr, AST, and ALT.

CONCLUSIONSIntensive and early administration of intravenous amino acid [2.4 g/(kg.d)] improves preterm infants' growth and the tolerance of enteral feeding. It also reduces the cost of hospitalization, and the incidence of sepsis.

Amino Acids ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Parenteral Nutrition

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the value of capsule endoscopy in children with small intestinal diseases with hematochezia as the chief complaint. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data and capsule endoscopy findings of 93 children with hematochezia who were admitted to Children's Hospital of Fudan University from May 2015 to January 2019 and underwent capsule endoscopy. According to the capsule endoscopy findings of the jejunum and the ileum, they were divided into a positive lesion group with 39 patients and a negative lesion group with 54 patients. Related clinical data and the features of lesion on capsule endoscopy were analyzed for the two groups. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in age, sex, duration of capsule endoscopy, gastric transit time, and small intestinal transit time between the positive lesion and negative lesion groups (P>0.05). The positive lesion group had a significantly lower level of hemoglobin than the negative lesion group (P<0.05). Hemoglobin level was negatively correlated with the rate of positive lesions on capsule endoscopy (r=-0.342, P=0.001). Among the 39 patients with positive lesions on capsule endoscopy, the detection of Meckel's diverticulum was the highest (41%), followed by inflammatory bowel disease (21%). CONCLUSIONS Capsule endoscopy has a certain value in detecting small intestinal diseases, especially diseases in the jejunum and the ileum, in children with lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage.
Capsule Endoscopy ; Child ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Intestinal Diseases ; Jejunum ; Meckel Diverticulum ; Retrospective Studies

The effects of sound duration and sound pattern on the recovery cycles of inferior collicular (IC) neurons in constant frequency-frequency modulation (CF-FM) bats were explored in this study. Five leaf-nosed bats, Hipposideros armiger (4 males, 1 female, 43-50 g body weight), were used as subjects. The extracellular responses of IC neurons to paired sound stimuli with different duration and patterns were recorded, and the recovery was counted as the ratio of the second response to the first response. Totally, 169 sound-sensitive IC neurons were recorded in the experiment. According to the interpulse interval (IPI) of paired sounds when neurons reached 50% recovery (50% IPI), the recovery cycles of these IC neurons were classified into 3 types: fast recovery (F, the 50% IPI was less than 15 ms), short recovery (S, the 50% IPI was between 15.1 and 30 ms) and long recovery (L, the 50% IPI was more than 30 ms). When paired CF stimuli with 2 ms duration was used, the ratio of F neurons was 32.3%, and it decreased to 18.1% and 18.2% respectively when 5 and 7 ms CF stimuli were used. The ratios of S and L neurons were 41.5%, 33.7%, 29.1% and 26.2%, 48.2%, 52.7% respectively when 2, 5 and 7 ms CF stimuli were used. The average 50% IPI determined after stimulation with paired 2 ms, 5 ms and 7 ms CF sounds were (30.2 ± 27.6), (39.9 ± 29.1) and (49.4 ± 34.7) ms, respectively, and the difference among them was significant (P< 0.01). When the stimuli of paired 2 ms CF sounds were shifted to paired 2 ms FM sounds, the proportion of F, S and L neurons changed from 32.3%, 41.5%, 26.2% to 47.7%, 24.6%, 27.7%, respectively, and the average 50% IPI decreased from (30.2 ± 27.6) to (23.9 ± 19.0) ms (P< 0.05, n = 65). When paired 5+2 ms CF-FM pulses were used instead of 7 ms CF sounds, the proportion of F, S and L neurons changed from 18.2%, 29.1%, 52.7% to 29.1%, 27.3%, 43.6%, respectively, and the average 50% IPI decreased from (49.4 ± 34.7) to (36.3 ± 29.4) ms (P< 0.05, n = 55). All these results suggest that the CF and FM components in echolocation signal of CF-FM bats play different roles during bats' hunting and preying on. The FM component of CF-FM signal presenting in the terminal phase can increase the number of F type neurons and decrease the recovery cycles of IC neurons for processing high repetition echo information, which ensures the bat to analyze the target range and surface texture more accurately.
Acoustic Stimulation ; methods ; Action Potentials ; physiology ; Animals ; Chiroptera ; physiology ; Echolocation ; physiology ; Female ; Inferior Colliculi ; cytology ; physiology ; Male ; Neurons ; classification ; physiology ; Refractory Period, Electrophysiological ; physiology

Objective To assess the effect of isosorbide dinitrate on the improvement of cardiac function after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) by regulating myocardial cells apoptosis..Methods Total of 30 domestic pigs were divided into three groups randomly (random mumber) after anesthetization:the sham group (n=6),the control group (n=12),and the isosorbide dinitrate group (n=12).Cardiac arrest of ventricular fibrillation was induced by programed electrical stimulation in the control and isosorbide dinitrate groups.Isosorbide dinitrate was infused at the rate of 2 μg/(kg·min) in the isosorbide dinitrate group.Coronary perfusion pressure (CPP) and cardiac output (CO) were recorded at baseline,2,6,12 and 24 h after restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC).Myocardial enzyme and heart fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP) was tested at the same time points.At 24 h after ROSC,the animals were sacrificed to obtain the myocardium for pathological section and Western blot.The expression of Bcl-2,Bax and activated Caspase-3 were tested and apoptosis was tested by TUNEL and apoptosis index was calculated.Results Right atrial pressure (RAP) increased after ROSC and decreased in the isosorbide dinitrate group compared with the control group (P＜0.05).CPP at 12,24 h after ROSC and CO at 24 h after ROSC in the isosorbide dinitrate group increased significantly compared with the control group (both P＜0.05).HE staining revealed that the injury of myocardial cells was ameliorated in the isosorbide dinitrate group.Apoptosis index of the isosorbide dinitrate group significantly decreased than the control group [(37.8±15.5)％ vs (13.1±0.5)％,P＜0.05].The expression of Bax and activated Caspase-3 decreased while Bcl-2 and Bcl-2/Bax increased after ROSC in the isosorbide dinitrate group compared with the control group (all P＜0.05).Conclusions Isosorbide dinitrate could improve the isehemia/reperfusion injury and cardiac function after ROSC by inhibiting apoptosis regulated with Caspase-3 pathway.

OBJECTIVETo determine whether erythropoietin (EPO) promotes rapid proliferation of glioma through Akt pathway.

METHODSWe detected the expression of EPO in human glioma tissues using immunohistochemistry. A nude mouse model bearing human glioma U87 cell xenograft was established and given intraperitoneal injection of EPO or saline every other day, and the tumor growth was observed. In the in vitro experiment, U87 cells were treated with PBS (control), EPO, or EPO with Akt inhibitor, and the expression of p-Akt and cyclin D1 was detected using Western blotting; the cell proliferation rate was determined using cell counting kit-8 and clone formation assay, and the cell cycle changes were analyzed with flow cytometry.

RESULTSCompared with low-grade glioma tissues, high-grade glioma tissues exhibited a significantly increased EPO expression (P=0.0002). In the tumor-bearing mice, EPO treatment significantly increased the expression of EPO (P=0.0006) and p-Akt (P=0.0003) in the tumor and obviously increased the tumor volume (P<0.0001) and weight (P=0.0003). In U87 cells cultured in vitro, EPO treatment obviously accelerated the cell proliferation (P=0.020 on day 3 and 0.028 on day 5), promoted clone formation (P=0.0010), and increased proliferation index (P=0.0028); EPO significantly enhanced the protein expression of p-Akt (P=0.0020) and cyclin D1 (P=0.0022). The application of Akt inhibitor significantly suppressed the effect of EPO in enhancing cyclin D1 and p-Akt expression (both P<0.0001) and promoting cell proliferation.

CONCLUSIONEPO can significantly accelerate the proliferation of glioma through Akt pathway.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of the improved plastic and reconstruction of the anus in situ.

METHODSImproved plastic and reconstruction of anus in situ was performed in 38 cases of low rectal cancers operated while Miles radical operation. Improvement includes: (1) The internal sphincter was rebuilt with 4 layers of muscle layer of the endmost of colon. (2) The last of gracilis was divided into 2 parts to reconstruct the superficial part and deep part of external sphincter muscle. (3) The rectum cape improvement is to firmly stitch the levator ani outside the external sphincter muscle in front of the colon. (4) The rectum valve is improved into three artificial rectum valves.

RESULTSThe form and function and their long term survival rate were good, the rate of superior anus function was 94.73%.

CONCLUSIONIt mains the results of improved plastic and reconstruction of anus in situ is near that of normal persons.

Adult ; Aged ; Anal Canal ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Rectum ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo investigate the pathology, diagnosis and treatment of a patient with hemotidrosis.

METHODSCoagulation tests, coagulation factor activities, von Willebrand factor concentration, bleeding time and platelet aggregation were measured. The bloody exudates from the skin was examined under light microscopy. The involved skin area biopsy was examined histologically.

RESULTSThe bloody exudates contained all kinds of normal blood cells mixed with sweat-like fluid, rather than true-sweat. Histopathologic examination showed normal sweat gland structure without blood cells. The patient was successfully treated with propranolol.

CONCLUSIONSympathetic nerve activation in the vasculature might play a role in hemotidrasis, and beta-blockers might be an effective drug for treatment.

Bleeding Time ; Blood Coagulation Tests ; Humans ; Platelet Aggregation ; von Willebrand Diseases ; von Willebrand Factor

Objective To clarify whether the use of dynamic coronary artery roadmap(DCR)technology in a low-dose mode with 7.5 frames per second during coronary intervention can further reduce the total radiation dose,fluoroscopy time,and contrast agent usage.Methods A total of 94 patients,who received coronary angiography at the Shanghai Tongji Hospital of China between July 2022 and December 2022,were enrolled in this study.The patients were randomly divided into DCR group(n=53)and control group(n=41).DCR technology was used in the DCR group to guide the performance of percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI),while low-dose mode coronary angiography was adopted in the control group.The total air kerma(AK),dose-area product(DAP),intraoperative fluoroscopy time,and contrast agent usage were compared between the two groups.Results In the DCR group AK was(597.9±222.8)mGy,which was significantly lower than(717.0±326.8)mGy in the control group(P=0.039);DAP was(33.2±13.3)Gycm2/s,which was also remarkably lower than(41.3±21.5)Gycm2/s in the control group(P=0.027).In the DCR group and the control group,the intraoperative fluoroscopy time was(9.8± 3.3)min and(12.1±4.3)min respectively(P＜0.01),and the contrast agent usage was(122.3±19.0)mL and(130.5± 28.5)mL respectively(P=0.116).Conclusion In a low-dose mode during coronary intervention,the use of DCR technology can further reduce radiation dose,fluoroscopy time,and contrast agent usage.(J Intervent Radiol,2024,33:236-239)

This study was aimed to establish a model for detecting the donor chimerism rate following the multi-donor hematopoietic stem cell transplantations, and simplify its calculation method. Patients with hematologic disease receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation including single-donor and multi-donor were selected in this study and the donor cell chimerism rates were detected, using STR-PCR combined with capillary electrophoresis. The results indicated that the peaks of the sister alleles coming from the same individual were confirmed to have the approximate areas and can be replaced each other in the situation of mixed chimerism. In the calculation model, the value between reference chimerism and approximate chimerism have no significant difference using the hypothetical peak areas, and the result was confirmed to be accepted basing on typical measurement error between sister alleles (5% - 20%). It is concluded that the areas of share peaks can be replaced by non-share peaks and this conclusion can be used to calculate the double-donor CHM (DD-CHM)(%). Compared to the D alleles, R alleles show more strategic importance because it can lead to more accurate result and allowed simplifying the arithmetic calculations for DD-CHM(%).
Alleles ; Electrophoresis, Capillary ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Postoperative Period ; Tissue Donors ; Transplantation Chimera ; genetics ; Transplantation, Homologous