BACKGROUND: Greatly importance has been attached to ceramic-on-ceramic bearing surface due to its excel ent wear resistance. But the risks of squeaking and ceramic fracture also go with it. Up til now, the choice between ceramic-on-ceramic and ceramic-on-polyethylene bearing surfaces in primary total hip arthroplasty remains controversial. OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical outcomes and safety between ceramic-on-ceramic versus ceramic-on-polyethylene bearing surfaces in total hip arthroplasty based on meta analysis. METHODS: We electronical y searched databases including PubMed/Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Col aboration database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBMdisc) and China National Knowledge Internet for randomized control ed trials on the comparison between ceramic-on-ceramic versus ceramic-on-polyethylene bearing surfaces in total hip arthroplasty from inception to January 2015. References of the included studies were also retrieved. Investigators severely selected the studies, extracted data and assessed the quality according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Then, meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.2 software. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Nine randomized control ed trials were included, involving 1 231 hips with ceramic-on-ceramic prosthesis and 932 hips with ceramic-on-polyethylene prosthesis. Meta analysis showed that both bearing surfaces achieved satisfied function recovery. But ceramic-on-ceramic had significantly increased risks of squeaking and ceramic fracture, meanwhile ceramic-on-polyethylene showed significantly higher wear rate. There were no significant differences in intra- or post-operative dislocation, osteolysis and other complications and prosthesis failure with any reason between two bearing surfaces. These results suggest that during the short- to mid-term fol ow-up period, no sufficient evidence can tel that ceramic-on-ceramic was obviously super than ceramic-on-polyethylene. Long-term fol ow-up is required for further evaluation.

AIM:To evaluate the optic nerve and axon impairment of relapsing - remitting multiple sclerosis ( RRMS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders ( NMOSD ) via detecting the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) and the ganglion cell complex( GCC) thickness by optic coherence tomography(OCT).
METHODS: Retrospective case control study. Two hundred three cases were collected from August 2014 to January 2016 in Beijing Tian Tan Hospital. They were divided into four groups, including the normal group (n=60), the RRMS group ( n = 60 ), the NMOSD anti -aquaporin- 4 autoantibody seropositive( NMOSD- AQP4 -Ab seropositive) group (n= 48), and the NMOSD-AQP4-Abseronegative group (n = 35). All people were detected for the average and four quadrants ( superior, inferior, nasal, temporal) of pRNFL thickness and the average and two quadrants (superior, inferior) of GCC thickness with OCT. One way analysis of variance or nonparametric tests was used to compare the differences of pRNFL and GCC thickness between groups.
RESULTS: Comparing with the normal group, the average and all quadrants of pRNFL and GCC thickness in the RRMS, the NMOSD - AQP4 - Ab seropositive and the NMOSD-AQP4-Ab seronegative group were thinner (P<0. 01). Among them, the pRNFL and GCC thickness in the NMOSD- AQP4 - Ab seropositive group was the thinnest. Differences between groups in the pRNFL thickness:compared with the RRMS group, all quadrants of pRNFL and GCC thickness in the NMOSD-AQP4-Ab seropositive group were significantly thinner(P<0. 01); compared with the NMOSD- AQP4- Ab seronegative group, the inferior, nasal and temporal pRNFL thickness in the NMOSD-AQP4-Ab seropositive group were significantly thinner(P<0. 05), while the superior quadrant did not show significant differences( P > 0. 05); compared with the RRMS group, the superior pRNFL thickness in the NMOSD - AQP4 - Ab seronegative group was significantly thinner ( P < 0. 05), while the inferior, nasal and temporal quadrants did not show significant differences ( P > 0. 05 ). Differences between groups in the GCC thickness: compared with both the RRMS and the NMOSD- AQP4- Ab seronegative group, all quadrants of GCC thickness in the NMOSD -AQP4-Ab seropositive group were significantly thinner (P<0. 05); compared with the RRMS group, the superior GCC thickness in the NMOSD - AQP4 - Ab seronegative group was significantly thinner(P<0. 01), while the inferior quadrant did not show significant difference(P>0.05).
CONCLUSION: The optic nerve and axon impairment in NMOSD - AQP4 - Ab seropositive group was the most severe and the impairment in RRMS group was the least severe. The impairment in NMOSD - AQP4 - Ab seronegative group was between the former two, and could be more similar to that of RMMS.

Animals ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; genetics ; immunology ; isolation & purification ; Influenza, Human ; epidemiology ; history ; immunology ; virology ; Russia ; epidemiology

Animals ; Global Health ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; pathogenicity ; Influenza, Human ; epidemiology ; history ; virology ; Spain ; epidemiology ; Viral Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism

To produce specific monoclonal antibody (McAb) against human thrombomodulin (hTM), the full-length hTM cDNA-expressing plasmid pThr402 was transfected into CHO cells by Lipofectamine 2000 reagent. The hTM-expressing CHO cells, which was confirmed by flow cytometry and Western blot, were obtained by G418 selection. Then the McAb against hTM was prepared with classic hybridoma technique. A cell line of CHO-TM5 with high level of hTM was used to immunize female Balb/c mice 3 times at an interval of 4 weeks. On the third day after the third immunization, mice were sacrificed and spleen cells were harvested to prepare hybridoma cells with SP2/0 cells at the ratio of 10 to 1. Hybridoma cells were then cultured at 96-well plates for screening. Cellular enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (CELISA) was applied twice. The first CELISA was done with polythene ELISA plate with a monolayer of CHO-TM5 cells. The positive clones from the first screen were then selected by reacting with similar screening ELISA plate but with CHO cell monolayer instead. Only clones that were positive for the first screening and negative for the second screening were kept, and called as CHO-TM5(+)CHO(-) hybridoma cells. Balb/c mice were intraperitoneally injected with the selected hybridoma cells. Ascites were collected and monoclonal antibodies were purified using FPLC, and its Ig class, subclass, and titer were then determined respectively. The specificity of the yielded McAb was identified with CELISA, flow cytometry, ABC immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting. One line of hybridoma cells with high expression of specific McAb against hTM, NH-1, was obtained. The Ig subclass of the McAb was IgG1 and the titer of ascitic McAb was 1x10(-6). Flow cytometry, CELISA and Western blot assays demonstrated that McAb NH-1 could specifically recognize hTM expressed in CHO-TM5 cells and human umbilical vascular endothelial cells. Meanwhile, the tissue specificity of antigen recognized by McAb NH-1 was identified by immunohistochemical ABC staining. NH-1 can specifically recognize the natural hTM expressed mainly in vascular endothelial cells, which will potentially be useful for investigation of the functions and clinic values of hTM.
Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; biosynthesis ; immunology ; Antibody Specificity ; CHO Cells ; Cricetulus ; Female ; Humans ; Hybridomas ; secretion ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Thrombomodulin ; immunology ; Transfection

OBJECTIVETo construct the recombinant plasmids expressing Skp2 short hairpin RNA (shRNA) by pRNAT-U6.1/Neo plasmid vector and observe the effects of RNAi-mediated Skp2 gene silencing on Tca8113 cells.

METHODSFive recombinant eukaryotic expression vectors were successfully constructed using pRNAT-U6.1/Neo plasmid vector separately. After they were transfected into Tca8113 cells with PEI, the interference effects no Skp2 and p27 were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot. The cell cycle of Tca8113 cells were tested by flow cytometry. The proliferation of Tca8113 cells were examined by MTT.

RESULTSIn Skp2shRNA-2 and Skp2shRNA-3 vectors, the expression of Skp2 protein of Tca8113 cells was down-regulated and p27 protein up-regulated (P < 0.01). The cell number during G1/G 0 phases increased 22% (P < 0.01) and during G(2)/M and S phases the number decreased 10% and 12% (P < 0.01). The proliferation of Tca8113 cells slowed down and the cells number decreased (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSSkp2shRNA-2 and Skp2shRNA-3 vectors of shRNA for Skp2 were successfully constructed. They could influence expression of Skp2 and p27 gene. Skp2 may be a promising target of gene therapy on human tongue squamous cell carcinoma.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; Humans ; Plasmids ; genetics ; RNA Interference ; S-Phase Kinase-Associated Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Tongue Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Transfection

Objective To analyze the disposition of medical support equipment support units for medical service support of the synthetic battalion to carry out efficiently demand matching and replenishment for war loss,so as to enhance the efficiency of deployment and decision making of medical support equipment.Methods War loss of the medical support equipment was analyzed with queuing theory with the support service of the synthetic battalion as the basic research framework and desired equipment intact rate in the battlefield as the goal.A M/M/1/∞/∞ model and a M/M/c/∞/∞ model were established to investigate the disposition process of medical support equipment support units by simulating actual conditions of the battlefield.Multi synthetic battalions were assumed to be deployed to carry out 2 missions with different tasks and combat intensities,of which 40 synthetic battalions were involved in for mission 1 and 35 synthetic battalions for mission 2.The disposition of medical support equipment support units was calculated with the two models constructed.Results With the M/M/c/∞/∞ model it's suggested 5 medical support equipment support units be deployed to serve for 40 synthetic battalions;with the M/M/1/∞/∞ model only one unit was employed to support 35 battalions.The two models both met the requirements of 90％intact rate.Conclusion The research contributes to the decision making of medical support equipment support forces during synthetic battalion medical support and enhances the precision support of medical support equipment.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2024,45(4):83-87]

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the long term effects of adjuvant radiotherapy for postoperative breast cancer.

METHODSFrom 1985 to 1986, 162 patients with operable breast cancer were randomly given adjuvant radiotherapy according to clinical stage and involving condition of axillary lymph nodes (LN). The radiotherapy group (RG) was irradiated in the supraclavicular area and/or internal mammary area to 50 Gy, while the control group (CG) was not.

RESULTSThe overall 5-, 10- and 15-year survival rates of the RG were 72.0%, 56.1% and 54.3%, while they were 66.3%, 51.3% and 49.4% in the CG (P > 0.05). Clinical stage I-IIIa and positive or negative LN showed no significant difference in the two groups. But in patients with LN(+) > or = 4, the 5-, 10- and 15-year survival rates of the RG were 55.6%, 38.9% and 37.1%, which were higher than the CG of 29.0%, 16.1% and 16.1% (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAdjuvant radiotherapy can improve the prognosis for breast cancer patients with LN(+) > or = 4, but not for LN(-).

Breast Neoplasms ; mortality ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant ; Survival Rate

OBJECTIVETo explore the pathophysiological and biomechanical features of skeletal muscular injury for providing a rational basis for its treatment, prevention and rehabilitation.

METHODSIn 70 adult rabbits, the left tibialis anterior (TA) muscle was stretched to injury, while the right TA muscle served as control. Histological, enzymohistochemical and biomechanical changes were observed on days 0, 1, 2, 3, and 7 after injury. Cytochrome oxidase (CCO), acid phosphatase (ACP), ATPase, succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), NADH-diaphorase (NADHD), glutamatedehydrogenase (GDH), alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (alpha-GPD) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were measured. The examined biomechanical parameters included maximal contractile force, ultimate load, length, energy absorption, tangent stiffness, and rupture site.

RESULTSPartial or complete rupture of TA muscle occurred near the muscle-tendon junction. There was an intense inflammatory reaction on day 1 and 2 after injury. Endomysium fibrosis and myotube formation were observed on day 3, and developed further on day 7. The activity of cell oxidases (CCO, ATPase, MDH, alpha-GPD, SDH, NADHD and GDH) showed a significant drop from day 0 to 2, and resumed with different levels on day 3. The increment of enzymatic activities continued on day 7 and the levels of NADHD and alpha-GPD reached to the levels of control muscle. Maximal contractile force was 70.17%+/-3.82% of controls immediately after injury, 54.82%+/-3.09% at 1 day, 66.41%+/-4.36% at 2 days, 78.39%+/-4.90% at 3 days and 93.64%+/-5.02% at 7 days. Ultimate load was 85.78%+/-7.54% of controls at the moment of injury, 61.44%+/-5.91% at 1 day, 49.17%+/-4.26% at 2 days, 64.43%+/-5.02% at 3 days, and 76.71%+/-6.46% at 7 days.

CONCLUSIONSEndomysium fibrosis and scar formation at the injured site are responsible for frequent recurrence of skeletal muscle injury. Recovery of tensile load slower than that of maximal contractile force may be another cause. Whether the injured muscle returns to normal exercise is mainly determined by the tensility on which the muscle-tendon can bear rather than the maximal contractile force.

Acid Phosphatase ; analysis ; Adenosine Triphosphatases ; analysis ; Animals ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase ; analysis ; Electron Transport Complex IV ; analysis ; Glutamate Dehydrogenase ; analysis ; Glycerolphosphate Dehydrogenase ; analysis ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; analysis ; Malate Dehydrogenase ; analysis ; Muscle, Skeletal ; injuries ; pathology ; physiology ; Rabbits ; Succinate Dehydrogenase ; analysis

Two Rotavirus G9P[8] strains (LL52696 and LL52727) were recognized during a sentinel-based survey in Lulong, China. Phylogenetic analysis of the VP7 gene showed that both strains isolated constituted a divergent genetic cluster distinct from the other G9 strains isolated in China. Analysis of VP4, VP6, and NSP4 genes revealed that these strains were closely related to Lulong strains. We hold that two strains were reassortant between G9 and Lulong predominant strains.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Antigens, Viral ; chemistry ; genetics ; Base Sequence ; Capsid Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; Glycoproteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; Humans ; Phylogeny ; Rotavirus ; classification ; genetics ; Toxins, Biological ; chemistry ; genetics ; Viral Nonstructural Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics