Objective To explore the non-bacteria etiology of pneumonia in children under 12 years old in southwest Shanghai,and investigate clinical characteristic of pneumonia caused by different pathogens.Methods The serum of 187 children with pneumonia from July 2002 to December 2004 in hospital were investigated for respiratory syncytial virus(RSV),adenovirus 3 influenza viruses(IFV) A and B,parainfluenza viruses(PIV)type 1,2,3,4 and coxsackievirus A 1.7,echovirus 7 by employing the indirect immunofluorescence assay(IFA)for the identification of nearly 8 different viruses,and 3 different enteroviruses.Based on the principle that sensitized particles were agglutinated by the pressence of antibodies to mycoplasma pneumonia in human serum.Results Examination for 8 kinds of conventional respiratory virus infected,a total of 90 positive results in 187 cases(48.13%),Firstly was RSV(19.79%),(secondly) was IFV B(16.58%).Out of these 1084 children,154 cases(14.21%)showed positive in anti-mycoplasma pneumonia.Conclusions RSV is still the leading cause of pneumonia in children during winter and spring in southwest in Shanghai.Mycoplasma pneumonia is having been the major pathogens of the school-aged children with pneumonia.

AIM: To analyze clinical data of hospitalized patients with age - related cataract treated through clinical pathway in our hospital, and to investigate the effectiveness of clinical pathway in standardizing medical behavior, advancing work efficiency, and improving quality of hospital management.
METHODS:Data of patients with age-related cataract, who were treated with phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation in Xi'an North Hospital, were retrospectively analyzed. In clinical pathway group, 220 patients underwent cataract surgery from October 2012 to May 2013 in accordance with clinical pathway. For control group, 213 patients with cataract receiving surgery from October 2010 to June 2011, comply with conventional process. Effect of cataract surgery, average length of hospitalization, average cost of hospitalization, and degree of satisfaction of patients were comprehensive investigated.
RESULTS: In 220 patients of clinical pathway group, 209 ( 95. 0%) got improved vision, the days of hospitalization was 4. 5 ± 1. 4d, and the average hospitalized consumption was 4 522. 3 ± 285. 1 Yuan. Whereas, in control group, visual acuity in 202 (94. 8%) out of 213 patients were improved, and the length and cost of hospitalization were 5. 1±1. 7d and 4 647. 7±271. 2 Yuan. The difference of the length and cost of hospitalization between these two groups were significant (P<0. 05). However, there was no statistically significance in curative effect and patients satisfaction compare (P>0. 05).
CONCLUSION: Practicing of age - related clinical pathway is helpful in standardizing medical heavier, optimizing clinical process, reducing health cost, improving quality of medical care, and providing evidence for hospital management innovation.

The optimum medium for Lactobacillus M7 was systematically studied with SAS system. Firstly, the prime factors affecting lactic acid yield were selected by means of Plackett-Burman design; secondly, the pnme facias were optimized by response rurface analysis. Under the optimum level determined, the yield is increased by 15%.

The aim of this study was to investigate if transfusion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) could exhibit beneficial effects on rheumatoid arthritis. Human bone marrow MSC were intraperitoneally injected into Wistar rats with collagen-induced arthritis at a dose of 10(7) on the next day (preventive group) or 2 weeks (treatment group) after collagen II induction, once a week for 2 weeks (preventive group) or 4 weeks (treatment group). The control group was given normal saline (NS) at corresponding time. The symptom scorings were documented weekly from the second week of the induction. On week 6, the hind joints of the rats were pathologically examined and the activation status of splenocytes was analyzed by flow cytometry. The results showed that all the rats developed arthritis and subsequent joint abnormality. On the sixth week, symptom scores of the rats that received MSC preventive (9.5 ± 0.5) or therapeutic (9.4 ± 0.6) infusions had no significant difference between each other, but were significantly greater than those of the NS controls (7.6 ± 0.6, P < 0.05). Consistently, pathological examination on the involved knees showed that the synovitis and arthritis scorings of MSC treated rats were greatly elevated compared with NS controls. Furthermore, the ratios of CD86(+) cells in the spleens of MSC prevention, MSC treatment and NS control groups were (4.16 ± 1.48), (4.06 ± 1.97) and (4.15 ± 2.04) respectively, while those of CD11b/c(+)CD86(+) cells were (1.04 ± 0.68), (0.95 ± 0.56) and (0.98 ± 0.44), all of which were significantly higher than those of healthy controls [(0.97 ± 0.18) and (0.30 ± 0.17), P < 0.05 for both parameters]. It is concluded that MSC infusion has little beneficial effects on collagen-induced arthritis in rats, conversely, MSC therapy aggravated the damage of the involved joints, its underlying mechanisms need to be further investigated.
Animals ; Arthritis, Experimental ; pathology ; prevention & control ; therapy ; Bone Marrow Cells ; Cells, Cultured ; Humans ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Transplantation, Heterologous ; Treatment Outcome

BACKGROUNDIn tumors the process of apoptosis occurs over an interval of time after chemotherapy. It is important to determine the best time for detecting apoptosis by in vivo imaging. In this study, we evaluated the dynamics and feasibility of imaging non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) apoptosis induced by paclitaxel treatment using a (99)Tc(m)-labeled Annexin V recombinant with ten consecutive histidines (His10-Annexin V) in a mouse model.

METHODS(99)Tc(m)-His10-Annexin V was prepared by one step direct labeling; radio-chemical purity (RCP) and radio-stability was tested. The binding of (99)Tc(m)-His10-Annexin V to apoptotic cells was validated in vitro using camptothecin-induced Jurkat cells. In vivo bio-distribution was determined in mice by dissection. The human H460 NSCLC tumor cell line (H460) tumor-bearing mice were treated with intravenous paclitaxel 24, 48 and 72 hours later. (99)Tc(m)-His10-Annexin V was injected intravenously, and planar images were acquired at 2, 4 and 6 hours post-injection on a dual-head gamma camera fitted with a pinhole collimator. Tumor-to-normal tissue ratios (T/NT) were calculated by ROI analysis and they reflected specific binding of (99)Tc(m)-His10-Annexin V. Mice were sacrificed after imaging. Caspase-3, as the apoptosis detector, was determined by flow cytometry, and DNA fragmentation was analyzed by the terminal deoxynucleotidytransferase mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Nonspecific accumulation of protein was estimated using bovine serum albumin (BSA). The imaging data were correlated with TUNEL-positive nuclei and caspase-3 activity.

RESULTS(99)Tc(m)-His10-Annexin V had a RCP > 98% and high stability 2 hours after radio-labeling, and it could bind to apoptotic cells with high affinity. Bio-distribution of (99)Tc(m)-His10-Annexin V showed predominant uptake in kidney, relatively low uptake in myocardium, liver and gastrointestinal tract, and rapid clearance from blood and kidney was observed. The T/NT was significantly increased after paclitaxel treatment, whereas it was low in untreated tumors (T/NT = 1.43 ± 0.18). The %ID/g activity in Group 2 (24 hours), Group 3 (48 hours) and Group 4 (72 hours) after treatment was 2.55 ± 0.73, 3.35 ± 1.10, and 3.4 ± 0.96, respectively. Whereas in the non-treated group, Group 1, %ID/g was 1.10 ± 0.18. The radiotracer uptake was positively correlated to the apoptotic index (r = 0.852, P < 0.01), as well as caspase-3 activity (r = 0.816, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThis study addresses the dynamics and feasibility of imaging non-small cell lung tumor apoptosis using (99)Tc(m)- His10-Annexin V.

Animals ; Annexin A5 ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; therapeutic use ; Apoptosis ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Disease Models, Animal ; Histidine ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Mice ; Organotechnetium Compounds ; Paclitaxel ; therapeutic use ; Radiopharmaceuticals

Objective:To explore the protective effect of agmatine on mice with multiple organ failure (MODS) induced by yeast polysaccharide(ZYM) on the expression of inflammatory factors.Methods:ZYM induced inflammation model was established by intraperitoneal injection of ZYM in mice.All mice were divided into blank group,ZYM group and ZYM+AGM group.The mice feeding, white cell count,heart rate and so on were observed before and after the modeling to determine whether the model was successful.The liver function of mice,renal function,myocardial enzymes and other biochemical indicators were detected after the success of the model;and through the qPCR and ELISA method for detection of blood tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha),interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta),interleukin 6 (IL-6),IL-10 gene and protein secretion level.Results: After the injection of ZYM,mice looked disorganized, activity and reduce consumption;the functional serological indexes of various organs of the mice were detected,which showed that the function of the viscera was serious.Compared with the blank control group,the serum parameters of ZYM group and ZYM+AGM group were significantly higher,and the inflammatory factors TNF-α,IL-1,IL-6 and IL-10 were significantly increased (P<0.05).Compared with ZYM group,ZYM+AGM serum markers of organ function decreased,inflammatory factor TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6 decreased significantly (P<0.05),while there was no significant difference in IL-10 (P>0.05); and the mouse spirit,eating and activity had no significant change.Conclusion:Intraperitoneal injection of 500 mg/kg ZYM can successfully construct a model of MODS,AGM by reducing the release of inflammatory factors,play a protective role in the function of various organs of MODS mice.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Kuntai Capsule (KC), a Chinese patent medicine, in add-back therapy for gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) treatment for moderate-severe endometriosis (EM).

METHODSTotally 100 patients suffering from stage III/IV EM, who were confirmed by laparoscopic surgery were randomly assigned to the GnRH-a group (A) and the KC combined GnRH-a group (B), 50 in each group. Patients in Group A were hypodermically injected with goserelin (3.6 mg), once per 4 weeks. Those in Group B additionally took KC, 4 pills each time, three times per day. The therapeutic course for all was 12 weeks. Serum levels of estradiol (E2), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), bone gamma-carboxyglutamic-acid-containing proteins (BGP) were measured respectively. Kupperman Menopausal Index (KMI) and bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar vertebra were also compared between the two groups.

RESULTSSerum levels of E2 and FSH both significantly decreased in the two groups at week 12 of the treatment (P < 0.05), when compared with pre-treatment. Compared with before treatment in the same group, KMI increased in the two groups (P < 0.05). Compared with before treatment in the same group, BMI decreased in the two groups with no statistical difference (P > 0.05). Serum BGP increased after 12-week treatment (P < 0.05). Compared with Group A after treatment, serum levels of E2 and FSH both significantly increased in Group B (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in KMI between the two groups (P > 0.05). As for the incidence of menopausal symptoms, better effects in improving symptoms such as hot flashes, sleep disorders, and vaginal dryness were obtained in Group B than in Group A (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the post-pre-treatment difference of BMI between the two groups, but with statistical post-pre-treatment difference in the BGP level (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSHKC combined GnRH-a could effectively reduce GnRH-a treatment induced partial low estrogen symptoms, improve increased serum BGP levels after GnRH-a therapy.

Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Endometriosis ; drug therapy ; Estradiol ; blood ; Female ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone ; blood ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone ; agonists ; Humans

The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 26 (MMP-26), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-4 (TIMP-4) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) in patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and their correlations with pathogenesis and development of DLBCL. A total of 95 specimens excised from DLBCL patients were prepared. Expression of MMP-26, TIMP-4 and MMP-9 were tested by SABC immunohistochemistry method and its correlation to clinicopathology indexes were analyzed. The results showed that as compared with reactive hyperplasia of lymph nodes, the high expression of MMP-26, TIMP-4 and MMP-9 were found in different types of DLBCL. The positive expression rate of MMP-26 was related to immune typing (P < 0.05). The expression level of MMP-26 in GCB was lower than that in non-GCB, and did not relate to clinical staging, age, sex, diseased region (P > 0.05). The positive expression rate of MMP-9 was related to clinical staging, the positive expression rate of MMP-9 proteins in patient at III and IV stage was obviously higher than that in patients at I and II stage, but did not relate to immune type, age, sex and diseased region of DLBCL (P > 0.05). The expression of TIMP-4 did not relate to immune type, clinical stage, age, sex, disease region (P > 0.05). The expression of MMP-26 in pathologic tissue of DLBCL did not relate to expression of TIMP-4, but positively related to expression of MMP-9 protein (r = 0.486, P < 0.05). It is concluded that MMP-26 and MMP-9 synergically express in DLBCL. MMP-26 may be involve in pathogenesis and invasiveness of DLBCL, the expression of MMP-26 relates to subtypes of DLBCL. The MMP-26 may serve as an indicator for typing of DLBCL and contributes to predict the invasion and metastasis of DLBCL and itself may become a potential target for therapy.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; metabolism ; Matrix Metalloproteinases, Secreted ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases ; metabolism ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the method and effect of axial pattern myocutaneous flap in reconstructing breast by using color doppler flow imaging (CDFI) technique.

METHODSSuitable axial myocutaneous flaps were selected according to the character of the focus in 26 cases of breast cancer after operation and radiotherapy. All the axial pattern myocutaneous flaps were designed on the basis of traditional design method before operation; then, CDFI with high resolution was used to examine the starting spot, exterior diameter, trail and length of the myocutaneous flaps' major artery. The myocutaneous flaps were redesigned according to the results of CDFI and transferred to reconstruct the breasts. The results of operation and examination were investigated.

RESULTSAccording to the CDFI, only one thoracodorsal artery's blood current was slow, its wall was rough and presented with arteriosclerosis. The blood flow was fluent and the vessel wall was smooth with other supplying arteries in the flaps. And no embolism, sclerosis or absence of blood vessel was found. The starting spots, exterior diameters, trails and anatomic layers of the major supplying arteries of the flaps were displayed clearly with CDFI, in accordance with the results of operation. Twenty-one cases of latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap, 4 cases of the contralateral transverse abdominis myocutaneous flap and 1 cases of the bilateral transverse abdominis myocutaneous flap were used in this group. The flaps survived and healed well, the breasts were reconstructed well with perfect appearance, shape and sensation.

CONCLUSIONSCDFI is a simple, visualized and noninvasive method for designing the axial pattern myocutaneous flap in breast reconstruction, it can provide more scientific and accurate evidence for preoperative determination of myocutaneous flap transplantation.

Adult ; Breast Neoplasms ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Mammaplasty ; methods ; Mastectomy ; Middle Aged ; Surgical Flaps ; Treatment Outcome ; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color ; Ultrasonography, Mammary ; methods

OBJECTIVETo construct the recombinant plasmids expressing Skp2 short hairpin RNA (shRNA) by pRNAT-U6.1/Neo plasmid vector and observe the effects of RNAi-mediated Skp2 gene silencing on Tca8113 cells.

METHODSFive recombinant eukaryotic expression vectors were successfully constructed using pRNAT-U6.1/Neo plasmid vector separately. After they were transfected into Tca8113 cells with PEI, the interference effects no Skp2 and p27 were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot. The cell cycle of Tca8113 cells were tested by flow cytometry. The proliferation of Tca8113 cells were examined by MTT.

RESULTSIn Skp2shRNA-2 and Skp2shRNA-3 vectors, the expression of Skp2 protein of Tca8113 cells was down-regulated and p27 protein up-regulated (P < 0.01). The cell number during G1/G 0 phases increased 22% (P < 0.01) and during G(2)/M and S phases the number decreased 10% and 12% (P < 0.01). The proliferation of Tca8113 cells slowed down and the cells number decreased (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSSkp2shRNA-2 and Skp2shRNA-3 vectors of shRNA for Skp2 were successfully constructed. They could influence expression of Skp2 and p27 gene. Skp2 may be a promising target of gene therapy on human tongue squamous cell carcinoma.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; Humans ; Plasmids ; genetics ; RNA Interference ; S-Phase Kinase-Associated Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Tongue Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Transfection