According to the common standard of ethic review for clinical research , it is equal to each kind of research program whether western medicine or Traditional Chinese Medicine .It should be reviewed the ethic and scientific issues in the same time .However, on account of the two majority characteristics of Traditional Chinese Medicine , it would be concerned more evidence , such as the safety data before clinic , the syndrome differentiation and treatment of target disease , drug combination , dosage and course of treatment , the methods of outcome meas-urement, admixture of the drug, the selection of control drug including placebo and so on .

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the potential risk factors and management of excessive epistaxis after endoscopic endonasal surgery (EES). METHOD: Six hundred and forty-one patients who underwent EES in our hospital from December 2011 to December 2012 were reviewed retrospectively. Factors which potentially affect the incidence of excessive epistaxis after EES were analyzed with univariate and multivariate logistic regression model. RESULT: The incidence rate of excessive epistaxis after EES was 8.4% in our study. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that history of previous EES, along with other four factors, correlated significantly with the occurrence of excessive epistaxis after EES. CONCLUSIONS Previous EES, along with other three factors, may increase the chance of excessive epistaxis after EES, while pre-operative corticosteroid therapy may reduce the risk to some extent.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Endoscopy ; adverse effects ; Epistaxis ; etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Nasal Surgical Procedures ; adverse effects ; Nose ; surgery ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Young Adult

16 and the distribution of severe trauma more than 2 anatomic parts.They were randomly divided into two groups:intensive insulin treatment group(n=31)and control group(n=31).Intensive insulin treatment group received insulin with insulin pump in order to maintain blood glucose levels at 4.0-6.1 mol/L,while the control group received routine insulin treatment in order to mmaintain blood glucose levels at 10.0- 11.0 mol/L.Plasma levels of TNF-?,IL-1,IL-6, CRP,APACHEⅡscores and cure rate were analyzed before and after the treatment.Data was expressed as mean?standard deviation.Two- tailed T test and ANOVA were used for comparison in SPSS 10.0,and changes were considered as statistically significant if P value was less than 0.05.Results After the intensive insulin treatment, patient's hemodynamic parameter apparently improved,APACHEⅡscores descended,and the levels of TNF-?, Ib-1,IL-6,CRP all declined,in comparison with control group,there were significant differences. Intensive insulin treatment might improve patient's general condition and decrease complications and mortality of severe multiple trauma.

AIMTo evaluate the hemodynamic effects of aminophylline and nifedipine in patients with HAPE.

METHODS10 patients with HAPE undergone Swan-Ganz catheter. The parameters of hemodynamics and arterial blood gases in HAPE were measured before and after administration of nifedipine 20 mg sublingually and aminophylline 0.25 g intravenously respectively.

RESULTSAfter administering 0.25 g aminophylline the mPAP and PVR significantly decreased, the cardiac output and the level of PaO2, SaO2 increased obviously, the mSAP, HR did not change so much. After using 20 mg nifedipine, the mPAP, PVR and mSAP also decreased, while the cardiac output, HR and the level of PaO2, SaO2 did not show any changes.

CONCLUSIONBoth of aminophylline and nifedipine can attenuate pulmonary hypertension in patients with HAPE, but the effect of aminophylline was better than the effect of nifedipine.

Adult ; Altitude ; Altitude Sickness ; drug therapy ; Aminophylline ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; drug therapy ; Male ; Nifedipine ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo investigate the prevalence, clinical characteristics, treatment, and prognosis of neonatal respiratory failure (NRF) in Huai'an, Jiangsu Province, China, in 2010.

METHODSThe clinical data of all NRF cases in the hospitals of Huai'an in 2010 were prospectively collected and analyzed using descriptive epidemiological methods.

RESULTSAmong 60,986 live births in Huai'an in 2010, there were 556 (0.91%) cases of NRF. The average birth weight of newborns with NRF was 2,433±789 g, with 53.8% determined as low birth weight and 64.1% as preterm. The major causes of NRF were respiratory distress syndrome, pneumonia, asphyxia, sepsis, and pulmonary hemorrhage. Among the newborns with NRF, 23.7% were accompanied by certain birth defects. Fourteen percent of newborns with NRF received pulmonary surfactant (PS) therapy, and the median time of the first dose of PS was 5 hours (range: 0-51 hours). Nasal continuous positive airway pressure treatment, conventional mechanical ventilation, and high-frequency ventilation were used in 67.9%, 33.3%, and 13.7% of patients, respectively. The cure and improvement rate of NRF patients was 73.9% (411/556), and the mortality rate was 22.5% (125/556). The average hospitalization expenses were 9,270 (range: 196-38182) Yuan.

CONCLUSIONSHigh morbidity, high mortality and high medical costs make NRF a serious challenge in Huai'an. It is essential to improve the quality of perinatal care and develop new techniques and new models in neonatal respiratory therapy in order to reduce the morbidity and mortality of NRF.

China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Pulmonary Surfactants ; therapeutic use ; Respiration, Artificial ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; epidemiology ; mortality ; therapy ; Time Factors ; Treatment Failure

OBJECTIVETo study the NK/T-cell lymphoma, search for a more efficacious and simpler method and establish a standard guideline for distinguishing the NK-like T-cell lymphoma from the NK-cell lymphoma.

METHODSThirty-four NK or T-cell lymphomas from the upper aerodigestive tract (n = 22), skin (n = 2), gastrointestinal (GI) tract (n = 2), lymph nodes (n = 7), and other sites (n = 1) were studied. Immunophenotype was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. In situ hybridization with EBER 1/2 RNA probes was performed. T-cell receptor (TCR)-beta and -gamma gene rearrangement was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

RESULTSEighteen cases were positive for CD(56) and 16 for TIA-1 in 34 lymphomas cases. All tumor cells in the skin cases were positive for Ki-67. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) mRNA was detected in 12 upper aerodigestive tumors including 9 of 12 nasal and 3 extranasal tumors. EBER was also detected in 1 of 2 skin lymphomas and both of the 2 GI lymphomas. Clonal TCR-beta and -gamma gene rearrangement was detected in 2 of 22 upper aerodigestive, all of the skin and GI lymphomas, and 6 of 9 nodal and other site lymphomas.

CONCLUSIONMost upper aerodigestive NK/T-cell lymphomas are genotypically NK derivation, and a few belong to T lineage. However, NK-like T-cell lymphomas more frequently seen in skin and GI tract. Nodal NK-cell lymphoma are quite rare. These two kinds of lymphomas can only be diagnosed with additional immunohistochemical markers, EBER detection by ISH, TCR gene rearrangement or NK-cell receptors (NKRs) RNA detection. Detection of TCR rearrangement remains the important standard for the diagnosis of T-cell lymphoma.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Female ; Gene Rearrangement, gamma-Chain T-Cell Antigen Receptor ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; Killer Cells, Natural ; pathology ; Lymphoma, T-Cell ; genetics ; immunology ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged

Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; genetics ; B-Cell CLL-Lymphoma 10 Protein ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11 ; genetics ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18 ; genetics ; Gene Rearrangement, B-Lymphocyte ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; methods ; Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone ; genetics ; Paraffin Embedding ; Translocation, Genetic

Bone marrow cells in cultures were divided into four groups and cultured with various cytokines in vitro. These four groups are: control, IL-2 group, CD3-AK group, and CIK group. The morphological (cell volume, nucleus/plasm) changes of bone marrow cells in culture were observed. Immunophenotype analysis (CD34, CD38, CD3, CD56) were done before and after culture in all groups. Cytotoxicity against fresh acute leukemia cells were detected by modified MTT methods. The cell volume became larger with increased nucleus/plasm ratio in IL-2 group, CD3-AK group and CIK group. The plasm filled with PAS positive granules in most of cells in CD3-AK group and CIK group. The positive ratio of CD3, CD56, CD38 in CD3-AK or CIK group increased markedly after culture (P < 0.05), but no significant difference between the two groups. The CD56(+) cell increased in IL-2 group. CD34(+) cells decreased in all groups and there were no significant differences among those four groups. The cytotoxicity to fresh leukemia cells: CD3-AK group and CIK group > IL-2 group > control group. There was no significant difference between CD3-AK group and CIK group. This experiment showed different effect on bone marrow cells by different cytokine combination. The cytokine combination of CD3-AK group or CIK group can make immunocytes of bone marrow proliferating and retained certain amount of stem/progenitor cells.

OBJECTIVETo study the mutation feature of ganglioside-induced differentiation associated protein-1 (GDAP1) gene in Chinese Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease(CMT) patients.

METHODSMutation analysis was carried out by use of polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism(PCR-SSCP) combined with DNA direct sequencing of the six exons and their flanking regions of GDAP1 gene in twenty-three CMT patients, including 8 probands of autosomal recessive CMT families and 15 sporadic patients.

RESULTSA compound heterozygous mutation A533G and A767G were unveiled in one autosomal recessive CMT kindred. The homozygous and heterozygous T507G were common SNPs in Chinese population.

CONCLUSIONA533G and A767G of GDAP1 gene were new mutations firstly reported.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease ; genetics ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mutation ; Nerve Tissue Proteins ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

Objective To explore biomechanical assessment for the effects on vibration against bone loss by investigating the relationship between material distribution and mechanical properties of rat femur cortical bone based on Micro CT. Methods 35 rats were randomly divided into intermittent vibration groups with the interval of 1, 3, 5, 7 days, and continuous vibration group, respectively. Tail suspended model of disuse osteoporosis was set up. All rats were loaded with mechanical vibration of 35 Hz and 0.3 g, and killed after 8 weeks. Micro CT scanning of the left femur of each rat was performed. Three-dimensional finite element model of the cortical bone was established to calculate the apparent and tissue-level mechanical parameters. Principal components (PCs) were extracted from material distribution, intermittent days and volume fraction by principal components analysis (PCA). Results The PCA revealed the three independent components that could fully explaine the variability of cortical bone characteristics under vibration. The linear regression equations were also created between the material property and the apparent and tissue-level mechanical properties, respectively. Mechanical properties of the cortical bone were influenced by material distribution mostly, and the volume fraction and intermittent days were next in importance. Conclusions The cortical bone material distribution can reflect changes in its mechanical properties, and the bone strength could be assessed by establishing the linear relationship, which could provide a theoretical basis for osteoporosis prevention and treatment as well as the assessment on its rehabilitation process.