Based on the technology of platelet proteomics, the key regulatory proteins and pathogenesis of coronary heart disease with phlegm and blood stasis syndrome were explored and analyzed. Based on the previous laboratory research, the model of coronary heart disease in mini-swine with phlegm-stasis cementation syndrome was duplicated. The model was judged by the changes in blood lipid and myocardial tissue characteristics. Furthermore, the platelet proteins were studied by quantitative proteomics, and the differentially expressed proteins were screened. The critical regulatory proteins and biological pathways of coronary heart disease with phlegm-stasis cementation syndrome were analyzed by bioinformatics. After ten weeks of modeling, the levels of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL-C), triglyceride (TG), creatine kinase (CK) and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) in the model group were significantly increased, reflecting the pathological changes such as increased blood lipid, abnormal coagulation function and myocardial ischemia in the model group. In addition, compared with the sham group, there were 26 up-regulated proteins and 8 down-regulated proteins in the platelets of the model group. Combined with bioinformatics analysis, it was found that differential proteins mainly involved in glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, pyruvate metabolism, lipid and atherosclerosis, Ras protein signal transduction. Among them, lactate dehydrogenase B (LDHB), alcohol dehydrogenase 5 (ADH5), neuroblastoma ratsarcoma viral oncogene homolog (NRAS) and Kirsten ratsarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) play a central role when interacting with other proteins and simultaneously participate in multiple action pathways. The results showed that LDHB, ADH5, NRAS, and KRAS may be the marker proteins in CHD with phlegm-stasis cementation syndrome by regulating glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, pyruvate metabolism, lipid and atherosclerosis, Ras protein signal transduction and other biological processes.

Auscultation is an important method in early-diagnosis of cardiovascular disease and respiratory system disease. This paper presents a computer-aided diagnosis of new electronic auscultation system. It has developed an electronic stethoscope based on condenser microphone and the relevant intelligent analysis software. It has implemented many functions that combined with Bluetooth, OLED, SD card storage technologies, such as real-time heart and lung sounds auscultation in three modes, recording and playback, auscultation volume control, wireless transmission. The intelligent analysis software based on PC computer utilizes C# programming language and adopts SQL Server as the background database. It has realized play and waveform display of the auscultation sound. By calculating the heart rate, extracting the characteristic parameters of T1, T2, T12, T11, it can analyze whether the heart sound is normal, and then generate diagnosis report. Finally the auscultation sound and diagnosis report can be sent to mailbox of other doctors, which can carry out remote diagnosis. The whole system has features of fully function, high portability, good user experience, and it is beneficial to promote the use of electronic stethoscope in the hospital, at the same time, the system can also be applied to auscultate teaching and other occasions.

The aim of the study is to evaluate the effects of the single and mixed decoction of Thallus laminariae (kelp) and Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) on the metabolism and their difference. The mixed decoction of kelp and licorice and the single decoction were made and intragastrically administered to the SD rats. The effect on system metabolism, the toxicity of liver and kidney were assessed by GC-MS profiling of the endogenous molecules in serum, routine biochemical assays and histographic inspection of tissues from SD rats, separately. The mixed decoction of kelp and licorice induced more obvious pathological abnormalities in SD rats than a single decoction of kelp, while the extracts of licorice did not show any pathological change. Neither the mixed, nor the single decoction showed abnormal histopathology. After intragastric administration of extracts for 5 days, the mixed decoction induced a decrease of ALT (no significant change in the groups of single decoction) and an increase of BUN (so did the single decoction of kelp). Metabolomic profile of the molecules in serum revealed that the metabolic patterns were all obviously affected for the three groups, i.e., the mixed and single decoction of kelp and licorice. The rats given with the single decoction of kelp showed a similar pattern to that of the mixed decoction, indicating that the kelp primarily contributed the perturbation of metabolism for the mixed decoction. All three groups induced a decrease of branched chain amino acids, TCA cycle intermediates and glycolysis intermediates (e.g., pyruvic acid and lactic acid) and an increase of 3-hydroxybutyric acid. Kelp decoction showed stronger potential in reducing TCA cycle intermediates and glycolysis intermediates than the other two groups, while the levels of branched chain amino acids were the lowest after licorice extracts were given. These results suggested that the effect of the mixed decoction on metabolism was closely associated with both kelp and licorice. The continuous administration of single decoction of kelp and the mixed decoction of licorice and kelp resulted in pathological abnormalities in kidney of SD rats. The mixed decoction of kelp and licorice distinctly perturbed sera molecules and hence system metabolism, which showed associated with those of kelp and licorice. Although the metabolic effect was associated with both kelp and licorice, the results suggested kelp contributed to it primarily.
Animals ; Glycyrrhiza ; chemistry ; Kelp ; chemistry ; Kidney ; drug effects ; Liver ; drug effects ; Metabolomics ; Plant Preparations ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Aim To investigate the effects of FKBP38 gene on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease ( NAFLD ) model induced by methionine and choline deficiency j J diet (MCD) in mice.Methods The mutant model of hepatocellular specific deletion of FKBP38 gene was successfully established.The mice were divided into wild-type group ( WT) and homologous knockout group (L-FKBP38 ).Mice were fed with MCD for four weeks to construct NAFLD model.Liver injury was e- valuated by the contents of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST) in the serum samples.We also performed HE staining, examined lipid accumulation by triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (CHO) and oil red staining, as well as macrophage infiltration by F4/80 immunohistochemical stai-ning of the liver sections.Fatty acid metabolism-relat ed genes were quantifier] by Quantitative Real-time PCR assays.Results Comparer] with WT group, the levels of ALT, AST, TG and CHO in serum signifi- eantly inereased ( P < 0.05 ) ; liver damage , lipid ac- eumulation, and maerophage infiltration were markedly more severe, and the expressions of fatty aeirl oxidation related genes PPARa, ACOX-1 , CPT-la and SIRT3 markedly rleereaserl ( P < 0.05) in the liver samples of L-FKBP38 group.Conclusions Hepatocellular speeifie deletion of FKBP38 intensifies lipid accumula- tion by inhibiting fatty aeid oxidation in the liver, thus exaeerbating nonaleoholie fatty liver disease.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the relationship between cervical vertigo and vestibular function evaluated by vestibular evoked myogenic potentials(VEMPs) and analyze the correlations between cervical vertigo and vestibular dysfunction, discuss the related factors of cervical vertigo and guide the clinical treatment of patients with cervical vertigo. METHODS: A total of 75 patients with cervical vertigo as the main complaint in the outpatient clinic of the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from August 2019 to July 2020 were set as the diseased group, and 60 patients without cervical and vestibular related diseases in the hospital were selected to set as non-diseased group. The age of diseased group was 12 to 70 years with an average of (46.40±10.91) years, including 25 males and 50 females;and the age of non-diseased group was 22 to 60 years with an average of(43.78±7.75) years, including 19 males and 51 females. VEMPs were performed in the two groups. The data of VEMPs were collected and the results were compared and analyzed. The patients with abnormal cervical myogenic vestibular evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) were divided into light, moderate and severe groups. The correlation between VEMPs and cervical vertigo and its severity were analyzed by statistical method. RESULTS: (1)The severity of cervical vertigo in diseased group:33 cases of mild, 34 cases of moderate, 8 cases of severe; cVEMP examination:62 cases were positive and 13 cases were negative, including 13 cases of mild, 33 cases of moderate, 16 cases of severe. The cVEMP of non-diseased group:4 cases were positive and 56 cases were negative.(2) The level of cVEMP in diseased group was higher than that in non-diseased group (P<0.001). It can be considered that there was a correlation between cervical vertigo and vestibular function.(3)The correlation between the level of cVEMP and the level of cervical vertigo in diseased group was analyzed. The Spearman rank sum test was used, and the correlation coefficient was 0.687, which was statistically significant (P<0.05). And it can be considered that the two indicators have a high degree of correlation. CONCLUSION It is feasible to evaluate the relationship between cervical vertigo and vestibular function by VEMPs. For patients with cervical vertigo, the higher the severity, the greater the positive rate of VEMPs, which indicates that it has a greater impact on vestibular function. The treatment of patients with cervical vertigo should be the combination of cervical rehabilitation and vestibular function.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; Vertigo ; Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials/physiology* ; Young Adult

Objective: To investigate the predicting value of different risk prediction models for short-term death in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) complicated by cardiogenic shock and treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Methods: This study was a retrospective case-control study. Forty patients with STEMI complicated by cardiogenic shock who hospitalized in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from April 2017 to August 2021 and treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and ECMO, were enrolled in this study. Patients were divided into survival group and death group according to their clinical outcomes at 30 days after ECMO implantation, and clinical data of the two groups were collected and analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to compare the predictive value of ACEF, AMI-ECMO, Encourage and SAVE risk scores for mortality at 30 days after ECMO implantation. According to the evaluation results of DCA, the optimal risk score was selected. Kaplan-Meier curve estimating the 30-day survival after ECMO implantation was plotted by grouping risk scores with reference to previous literatures. Results: A total of 40 patients with STEMI combined with cardiogenic shock were included, age was (57.4±16.7) years, 31 (77.5%) patients were male, there were 21 (52.5%) patients in the death group and 19 (47.5%) in the survival group. Compared with the survival group, patients in the death group had higher lactic acid values, higher proportion of anterior descending artery or left main artery lesions, and a higher proportion of acute renal failure and continuous renal replacement therapy during hospitalization (all P<0.05). Compared with survival group, ACEF, AMI-ECMO and Encourage scores were higher in death group, SAVE score was lower in death group (all P<0.05). The ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of ACEF, AMI-ECMO, Encourage and SAVE scores in predicting mortality were 0.707, 0.816, 0.757, and 0.677 respectively (P>0.05). ACEF score demonstrated the highest sensitivity (90.5%) and Encourage score exhibited the highest specificity (89.5%). DCA indicated that the AMI-ECMO and Encourage scores had the best performance in predicting the 30-day mortality after ECMO therapy. Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis showed that the 30-day mortality after ECMO implantation increased with the increase of AMI-ECMO and Encourage scores (log-rank P≤0.001). Conclusions: The 4 scoring systems are all suitable for predicting 30-day mortality after VA-ECMO therapy in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock. Among them, AMI-ECMO and Encourage scores have better predicting performance.
Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation/methods* ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention/methods* ; Retrospective Studies ; ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction/therapy* ; Shock, Cardiogenic/therapy*

Aim To investigate the effect of dietary intake of o)-3 poly unsaturated fatty acids ( u>-3 PUFAs) on the immune function of chronic graft versus host disease (cGVH) lupus model mice.Methods A single intraperitoneal injection of bml2 mice lymphocytes was used to establish a cGVH mouse model.On the day of modeling, 90% cd-3 PUFAs and 97% EPA were given by gavage for 14 days.The immune indexes of mice were evaluated by flow cytometry, and the serum total J J J ∗ IgG levels were measured by ELISA.Results Compared with control group, cGVH group significantly down-regulated Treg subsets, and up-regulated the Tfh , GC B and plasma subsets in the lupus mice.Comparer] with model control group, u>-3 PUFAs could significantly elevate Treg subsets, and decrease TFH, (X] B, and plasma subsets; serum total IgG levels in the 97% EPA group were significantly reduced.Conclusion In the cGVH lupus mouse model, co-3 PUFAs can suppress some immune functions by increasing Treg cells, reducing TFH, GC B, plasma cells and inhibiting the secretion of IgG.Such immunomodulatory effect provides new sights into the development of a potentially novel treatment modality for cGVH.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the protective effect of Huoxin Pill (HXP) on acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MIRI) injury in rats. METHODS: Seventy-five adult SD rats were divided into the sham-operated group, model group, positive drug group (diltiazem hydrochloride, DH), high dose group (24 mg/kg, HXP-H) and low dose group (12 mg/kg, HXP-L) of Huoxin Pill (n=15 for every group) according to the complete randomization method. After 1 week of intragastric administration, the left anterior descending coronary artery of the rat's heart was ligated for 45 min and reperfused for 3 h. Serum was separated and the levels of creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA), hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) were measured. Myocardial ischemia rate, myocardial infarction rate and myocardial no-reflow rate were determined by staining with Evans blue and 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC). Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) and Bioinformatics Analysis Tool for Molecular mechANism of Traditional Chinese Medicine (BATMAN) databases were used to screen for possible active compounds of HXP and their potential therapeutic targets; the results of anti-inflammatory genes associated with MIRI were obtained from GeneCards, Drugbank, Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM), and Therapeutic Target Datebase (TTD) databases was performed; Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment were used to analyze the intersected targets; molecular docking was performed using AutoDock Tools. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor kappa-B (NFκB)/NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3). RESULTS: Compared with the model group, all doses of HXP significantly reduced the levels of LDH, CK and CK-MB (P<0.05, P<0.01); HXP significantly increased serum activity of SOD (P<0.05, P<0.01); all doses of HXP significantly reduced the levels of hs-CRP and IL-1β (P<0.05, P<0.01) and the myocardial infarction rate and myocardial no-reflow rate (P<0.01). GO enrichment analysis mainly involved positive regulation of gene expression, extracellular space and identical protein binding, KEGG pathway enrichment mainly involved PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and lipid and atherosclerosis. Molecular docking results showed that kaempferol and luteolin had a better affinity with TLR4, NFκB and NLRP3 molecules. The protein expressions of TLR4, NFκB and NLRP3 were reduced in the HXP group (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS HXP has a significant protective effect on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats, and its effect may be related to the inhibition of redox response and reduction of the inflammatory response by inhibiting the TLR4NFκB/NLRP3 signaling pathway.
Humans ; Rats ; Animals ; NF-kappa B/metabolism* ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/drug therapy* ; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; C-Reactive Protein ; Toll-Like Receptor 4 ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism* ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Signal Transduction ; Myocardial Infarction/drug therapy* ; Creatine Kinase ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/metabolism* ; Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism*

In order to investigate the effects of asiaticoside (Ass) on H9C2 cardiomyocytes, the present study examined the potential intervention of Ass on the proliferation and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/Bcl-2 homology domain protein (Beclin-1) signaling pathway in H9C2 cardiomyocytes following oxygen and glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) injury. H9C2 cardiomyocytes were selected as the research objects, and the activity of H9C2 was detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8). H9C2 cells were divided into control group, OGD/R group, Ass low concentration group (10 μmol·L^-1), Ass high concentration group (80 μmol·L^-1) and Ass high concentration + chloroquine group (80 μmol·L^-1 + 50 μmol·L^-1). The control group was cultured under normal conditions, and the other groups were treated with oxygen and glucose deprivation for 4 h and reperfusion for 2 h. The activity and content of aspartic aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK) in the supernatant of H9C2 cardiomyocytes were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Autophagy staining assay kit with monodansylcadaverine (MDC) method to observe cellular autophagy; molecular docking technique to identify the molecular targets of Ass. Immunofluorescence was used to observe the effect of the drug on cell number. The expression levels of PI3K, Akt, selective autophagy adaptor protein (P62) and Beclin-1 were detected by Western blot. Compared with OGD/R group, Ass group had a protective effect from 10-80 μmol·L^-1, and the activities and contents of AST, LDH and CK were decreased. The protein expression levels of PI3K, Akt, P62 and Beclin-1 were decreased. Compared with the administration group, the activities and contents of AST, LDH and CK in Ass high-concentration + chloroquine group were significantly decreased, and the protein expression levels of PI3K, Akt, Beclin-1 and P62 were significantly decreased. Immunofluorescence showed that the inhibitor group and each administration group had different degrees of protective effect compared with the model group. Asiaticoside can reduce the injury of H9C2 cardiomyocyte induced by OGD/R, reduce the content of AST, LDH and CK, reduce the expression level of P62 protein, and reduce autophagy, which may be closely related to the inhibition of PI3K/Akt/Beclin-1 signaling pathway activation.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy within the first 24 h post extracorporeal membrane pulmonary oxygenation (ECMO) and the impact of early efficacy on the prognosis of adult patients with fulminant myocarditis (FM). Methods: This retrospective case analysis study included hospitalized patients (age≥18 years) who were diagnosed with fulminant myocarditis from November 2016 to May 2021 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University. Patients were divided into survival or non-survival groups according to treatment outcomes. The age, sex, treatments, drug use, ECMO use, clinical and laboratory data (before and 24 h after the use of ECMO) were analyzed. The change rate of clinical and laboratory data after 24 h use of ECMO was calculated to find differences between two groups. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the related factors with in-hospital death and complication between the two groups. Results: A total of 38 FM patients treated with ECMO were included. There were 23 cases (60.5%) in the survival group, aged (39.6±13.7) years, and 17 (73.9%) cases were female. The total ECMO time was (134.4±71.3)h. There were 15 cases (39.5%) in non-survival group, aged (40.0±15.8) years, and there were 12(80.0%) female, the ECMO time was (120.1±72.4) h in this group. The proportion of tracheal intubation and continuous renal replacement therapy in the survivor group and dosage of norepinephrine within 24 h after ECMO implantation were significantly less than in non-survival group (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in all efficacy related biochemical indexes between two groups before ECMO use. The levels of lactic acid, procalcitonin, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase-MB, cardiac troponin I and N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide prosoma were significantly less in survival group than in non-survival group at 24 h after the use of ECMO (all P<0.05). Results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the higher 24 h change rate of creatinine (OR=0.587, 95%CI 0.349-0.986, P=0.044) and creatine kinase-MB (OR=0.177, 95%CI 0.037-0.841, P=0.029) were positively correlated with reduced risk of in-hospital mortality. The central hemorrhage and acute kidney injury in survival group were less than in non-survivor group (P<0.05). Conclusions: After 24 h early use of ECMO in FM patients, the improvement of various efficacy related biochemical test indexes in the survival group was better than that in the non-survival group. Faster reduction of creatine kinase-MB and creatinine values within 24 h ECMO use is positively correlated with reduced risk of in-hospital mortality in adult patients with FM.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation/methods* ; Female ; Hospital Mortality ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Myocarditis/therapy* ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult