OBJECTIVE: To make a review of nowadays related dissertations about epigenetic modifications (DNA methylation, histone modifications, chromatin remodeling and the non-coding microRNA interruption, etc.) mediating the abnormal expression of drug metabolic enzymes and inactive metabolism of substances in organisms. METHODS: Researches on epigenetic modifications regulating the genes expression or activity change of drug metabolism enzymes were reviewed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The research in this field can provide reference for determining biomarkers in clinical diagnosis and therapies of tumors.

We have carried out experiment design and comment,and students write the reports of experiment design in patho- physilolgy teaching from the aspects of basic process of experiment research and basic factors,principle and meaning of experi- ment design.By way of the teaching reform,the major position of students in studying is established,students' ability to study in- dependently and acquire knowledge actively are well cultivated,their comprehensive quality are enhanced and the teachers con- struction is also promoted.

10pg/ml and IL-8≥70 pg/ml as the critical value,PCT and IL-6 levels had diagnostic sensitivities of 90.6% and 75.0%,and specificities of 83.3% and 77.7%,respectively.The combination of PCT and IL-6 had a sensitivity of 81.2%,and specificity of 94.2%.The positive predictive value was of 96.2% and the negative predictive value of 73.0%.CONCLUSIONS Serum PCT appears to be a promising indicator in differentiating viral infection from bacterial gastroenteritis,but the combination of PCT and IL-6 has a more clinical value.

The nutritional status in early life have been gradually recognized that it can change the status of development and metabolism of adults.Epidemiological evidence and animal model study have found that low birth weight is the risk factors of adult metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease.Insulin resistance is a common pathophysiological basis.Renin-angiotensin system and insulin signaling systems interact to promote the development of insulin resistance.

Objective To observe the influence of silymarin on expressions of transforming growth factor-?1(TGF-?1) and collagen type Ⅲ(Col Ⅲ) in rats with experimental tubulointerstitial fibrosis(TIF) induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction(UUO).Methods Se-venty-two Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups:sham operation group(n=24),model group(n=24) and silymarin treatment group(n=24).The rats in model group and treatment group were operated by ligation of left-ureter.The rats in sham opera-tion group operated by dissociating left-ureter were taken as controls.Rats in treatment group were fed with silymarin [30 mg/(kg?d)]24 h before operation,and rats in model group and sham operation group were treated by intragastric administration with the same volume nomal saline at the same time.Eight rats were killed at day 7,14,and 21,respectively.The score of TIF changes,histologically,was evaluated under light microscope.Expressions of TGF-?1 and Col Ⅲ in tubulointerstitial tissue in 3 groups were investigated by immunohistochemistry.Results 1.The TIF pathological index in treatment group was less than that in model group,but more than sham operation group at day 14 and 21(Pa

Animals ; Blood Chemical Analysis ; Blood Circulation ; physiology ; Blood Physiological Phenomena ; Lymph ; chemistry ; physiology ; Lymphatic System ; physiology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Rheology

Acupuncture Therapy ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pterygium ; therapy ; Yin Deficiency ; therapy

Objective To explore the relationship between TLR3 mRNA expression on peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)and acute rotavirus(RV)diarrhea.Methods Sixty-one children with acute RV diarrhea served as study subject,the expression of TLR3 mRNA on PBMCs was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR.the concentrations of IFN-γand TNF-α in serum were measured by the method of Enzyrme-linked immunosorbent assay(EUSA).Results The expression of TLR3 on PBMCs and the serum levels of IFN-γ and TNF-α in the serious diarrhea group were 0. 820±0.051,(33.67±12.88)Pg/ml, (62.21±14.65)pg/ml,respectively,while it were 0.717±0.040,(24.01±10.06)pg/ml,(50.99± 12.18)pg/ml in the slight diarrhea group,and 0.525±0.029,(12.52±5.19)pg/ml,(28.65±7.44)pg/ml in the control group.Compared with the control group.the expression of TLR3 on PBMCs and the serum levels of IFN-γ,TNF-α in the serious and slight diarrhea group were significantly higher(P<0.01).There were significant differences between the serious and slight diarrhea group(P<0.01).There were positive relationship between the expression of TLR3 on PBMCs and tHe serum IFN-γ,TNF-α levels(r=0.431,P< 0.05,r=0.372,P<0.05).Conclusion The expression of TLR3 on PBMCs in children with acute rotavirus dialThea iS up-regulated,TLR3 and its mediated immune response are associated with the development of acute rotavirus diarrhea.

Objective To study the mechanisms of anti-oxidation and anti-aging of Sargassum fusiforme polysaccharides (SFPS). Methods qRT-PCR and Western blotting were utilized to detect the expression of c-Jun-N-terminal kinase 1/2 (JNK1/2) in male mice with different ages and in the old male mice fed with SFPS. The JNK isoforms were specifically distinguished by RT-PCR and the expression levels of each isoform in the liver of mice by ig administration of SFPS or normal saline were measured. Finally, the mechanism of JNK activating Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway was determined by co-immunoprecipitation and ARE-luciferase reporter gene assay. Results The expression levels of JNK1/2 were negatively correlated with aging process. JNK1-β2, JNK2-α1, and JNK2-β2 played important roles in aging process. The mRNA expression level of JNK1-β2, JNK2-α1, and JNK2-β2 were significantly decreased in mice aging process, and the protein expression levels of JNK1-β2 (5.4×104) were significantly upregulated by long-term diet with SFPS. The JNK1-β2 (5.4×104) protein interacted with anti-oxidant factor Nrf2, and significantly activated Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway. Conclusion JNK1-β2, JNK2-α1 and JNK2-β2 had negative correlation with aging process, and the expression level of JNK1-β2 (5.4×104) in aged mice were obviously promoted by long-term diet with SFPS. As JNK1-β2 containing C-terminal tail can interact with Nrf2 and activate the NRF2/ARE signaling pathway, therefore, it was suggested that SFPS can improve the overall anti-oxidant capacity and retard aging process by activating of the JNK1-β2/Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway.

Ultrasound contrast agent microbubbles combined with low frequency ultrasound named as low-frequency ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction technology has become an effective and non-invasive anti-tumor therapy for deep tumors.It can enhance the efficacies of chemotherapy,gene therapy,immunotherapy,and anti-angiogenic therapy by improving cell membrane permeability and destroying tumor neovasculature.It can be applied to sonodynamic therapy and realize multimodal synergistic therapy on the basis of nanoparticles,which increases the anti-tumor efficiency and offers a promising target therapy for tumors.
Contrast Media ; Genetic Therapy ; Humans ; Microbubbles ; Neoplasms ; Ultrasonography