In this paper, vegetative( vip83 ) and crystal(cry1Ac10 and cry1Ca) insecticidal protein genes from Bacillus thuri ngiensis were simultaneously electrospored into the plasmid-free strain BMB17 1. By the means of the specific P CR detection, the recombinant strains BMB2830-171 contained cry 1Ac10 and vip83, and BMB2 882-171 had cry1Ca and vip83 , were obtained respectively. Under the control of r ecombinant strains with one gene, bioassay of the synergism between vegetative V ip83 and crystal Cry1Ac10( or Cry1Ca )insecticidal proteins to three important Lepidopteran pests were done. The results, by analysis of statistic bio-so ft, showed that the synergia relation of vegetative Vip83 and crystal Cry1Ac10 i nsecticidal protein toxic to Heliothis armigera wascounteracted, while Plu tella xylostella and Spodotera exigua unobservable. There was no synergis tic action between Vip83 and Cry1Ca insecticidal proteins with Spodotera exigu a as tested insect. Bu t their cooperation to Heliothis armigera was minus, and the counterpart to Plutella xylostella plus, whose cotoxicity factor is 32.6. The experiment of bi-g ene genetic stability also suggested that the synergia effection had certain molecu lar genetic stability in the same cell. This performance can be contributed to construct high-effect and wide-spectrum engineered strain.

Objective To design and implement an automatic analysis and evaluation system for the image parameters of medical MRI quality testing.Methods The system was developed and debugged by the study on MRI image quality parameters,the image denoising,integration,extraction and etc by MATLAB processing platform as well as the comparison and comparative calculation of the obtained data.Results The system replaced manual operation by auto processing and parameters analysis of MRI quality inspection image.Conclusion The system enhances the efficiency and avoids artificial error,and has a promising prospect in the future.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of composite material of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and PLGA/TCP in repair of peri-porous-titanium bone defects in adult rabbits.Meth- otis The composite of PLGA/TCP scaffold with bovine BMP was made and implanted in distal bone de- fects peri-porous-titanium in femur of adult rabbits.The effect of BMP with PLGA/TCP on peri-prosthesis was evaluated by means of scanning electron microscope (SEM),energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) and biomechanics.Results BMP with PLGA/TCP showed obvious peak of Ca and P of EDX in the pores of titanium in experiment group six weeks after operation and higher than that in control group (P＜0.05).Push-out test demonstrated that the bonding strength between the composite of HA coating/ porous titanium and bone was increased significantly with time (P＜0.05).In experiment group,at 6 and 12 weeks,peri-porous-titanium had higher shearing force compared with control group (P＜0.05). Conclusion BMP loaded with PLGA/TCP is a promising bone graft for bone defects in revision arthro- plasty,as indicates that bone induction of BMP plays an important role in biological stabilizaiton.

The α4β2-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) is a ligand-gated ion channel that is distributed throughout the nervous system. It is involved in the regulation of various neurotransmitters including acetylcholine, dopamine, γ-aminobutyric acid, and norepinephrine. α4β2-nAChR plays an important role in learning, memory, cognition, attention, inflammation, and pain. A large number of studies have shown that α4β2-nAChR is an important therapeutic target for neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, depression, nicotine dependence, pain, etc. It is an important target in the early diagnosis and curative effect detection of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease. This review summarizes the role, mechanisms and related drug research advances on α4β2-nAChR ligand drugs in neurological diseases, as well as providing a theoretical basis for identifying and developing more suitable α4β2-nAChR-related compounds.

Pro-inflammatory macrophages play key regulatory role in the occurrence and development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this study, we constructed a celastrol (Cel)-loaded polyamide-amine dendrimer (PAMAM) drug delivery system, which could target folate receptor and mitochondria. It could target inflammatory macrophages and realize chemo-photothermal synergistic therapy. Using PAMAM as the nano-carrier, folate receptor-targeting group folic acid (FA) and mitochondria-targeting group IR808 (also known as the photothermal agent) were conjugated with PAMAM through amide reaction, and then complexed with anti-inflammatory drug Cel to prepare the FA-PAMAM-IR808/Cel nanocomplex. In vitro characterization results showed that the drug loading efficiency of the nanocomplex was 50.90%, particle size was between 130 and 160 nm, average potential was between 1.0 and 3.5 mV, the drug release showed pH sensitivity, temperature reached to 42.5 ℃ after near-infrared (NIR) light irradiation for 10 min. In vitro cellular uptake experiments showed that the nanocomplex had obvious folate receptor-targeting and mitochondria-targeting ability. Following irradiation with NIR light, the cytotoxicity and cellular apoptosis enhanced. The secretion of pro-inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and nitric oxide (NO) decreased in a concentration-dependent manner. This study provided insights for the development of novel anti-RA nanomedicines.

Objective Severe preeclampsia, and hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet syndrome (HELLP) are serious complications of pregnancy, and evidence suggests a genetic basis for these conditions. A G1528C mutation in the alpha-subunit of the mitochondrial trifunctional protein (MTP) gene has been identified in association with these conditions. The aim of this study is to explore the carrier rate of the G1528C mutation in the MTP gene in pregnant women with severe preeclampsia, HELLP syndrome and in their newborns, as well as in a normal pregnant population, so as to determine its association with maternal liver disease among women in Beijing. Methods A multicenter, prospective, case control study was carried out. Polymerase chain reaction - restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used to screen the G1528C mutations in the MTP gene. One hundred and forty cord blood samples from cases with severe preeclampsia (n=130) and HELLP syndrome (n=10) were collected. Ninety maternal peripheral blood samples among them (84 from severe preeclampsia and 6 from HELLP syndrome) were also collected for screening the common disease-causing mutation in Caucasians. Five hundred and sixty cord blood samples and 90 maternal peripheral blood samples obtained from normal pregnant women served as controls. Results The G1528C mutations in the MTP gene were not found in samples from women with severe preeclampsia and their newborns, from women with HELLP syndrome and their new borns, as well as in samples from the normal pregnant women and their new borns. Conclusions The common disease-causing mutation of G1528C in MTP gene in Caucasians is probably not a common mutation in Chinese Han people in Beijing. Further study is needed to expand the sample size among HELLP syndrome and maternal liver diseases in Chinese population.

Objective To evaluate the self-treatment effectiveness on patients with ehwnic Keshan disease.Methods Twenty patients with chronic Keshan disease were selected from individuals with Keshan disease in Fuyu County,Heilongjiang Province.They were trained three times every three months of self management including pathogenetic condition education,general guidance,drug therapy,and they also taught how to adiust the doBe of drug according to their illness.Major symptom score,heart rate(HR),ultrasoundcardiogram (UCG)index and cardiac functional grading of these patients at basehne,after 3 months and 6 months of treatment were compared.Results The 20 patients rated their main symptoms score as(15.03 ±6.77)before self- treatrnent,and significantly decreased to(7.25±4.82)and(6.70±4.90)after 3 and 6 months treatment(P<0.01); the heart rate(HR) was (76.40±12.06) beats per minute(bpm)before self-treatment,and dramatically decreased to (69.95±12.63),(67.15±9.76)bpm after 3 and 6 months treatment(P<0.01).As for UCG detecting index,left atrial diameter(Lad)aIld left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(LVEDd)Was(37.85 ±5.23)nun and(52.49± 9.38)mm separately before self-treatment,and notablely decreased to(36.77 ±5.63),(52.15 ±9.24)mm,and (35.29±5.50),(50.81±8.88)mm respectirely after 3 and 6 months of treatment(P<0.01 or<0.05);left ventricuIar ejection fractiOII(LVEF)markedly increased(P<0.05),from(55.15±15.80)%at baseline to(57.35± 12.51)%at 3 months and(60.30±13.42)%at 6 months;there were no significant differences in mitral flow E/A ratio changes before and after treatment(P>0.05);compared with prior to the treatment.cardiac function grading was significantly better aftertreatmentfor 3 months(T=36.0,P<0.05),but not after 6 months(T=17.5,P> 0.05).Conclusions The patients'serf-treatment is effective,which we recommend to uphold and widespread.

Three kinds of Bacillus thuringiensis serotype-subsp. Leesis(H33) strain YBT-833, subsp. Aizawai(H7) strain YBT-1416 and subsp. Kurstaki(H3ab) strain YBT-1535, which were isolated by our lab, are chosen as original strain to clone vegetative insecticidal protein gene. Southern hybridization showed that vip genes are all localized at roughly 4-5 kb size-fractionated XbaI fragments of total DNA from YBT-833, YBT-1416 and YBT-1535. Three subgenomic libraries containing the vip gene fragment, were constructed with pUC19 as vector. Then, three vegetative insecticidal protein gene vip83, vip14 and vip15 are obtained from the libraries through the methods of colony-blot-in-situ screening and enzyme-cut detection. Comparision of DNA sequence made out that only vip83 gene exist five different base pairs with known vip genes. Because the sequences of vip14 and vip15 are the same, two of the three genes, vip83 and vip14, were subcloned to shuttle vehicle pHT315 to get recombinant plasmids pBMB8901 and pBMB8902 in turn. The plasmids were separately transformed into vip Bt. receptors BMB171 and 4Q7 to obtain four engineered strains BMB8901-171, BMB8902-171, BMB8901-4Q7 and BMB8902-4Q7. SDS-PAGE results indicated that all recombinant strains express 88 kD vegetative insecticidal protein. Bioassay also showed that the proteins of genes vip83 and vip14 both have certain toxicity to Lepidopteran insect larvae such as Heliochis armigera, Spodotera exigua and Plutella xylostella. While the toxicity of vip protein from four engineered strains to Plutella xylostellas are highest, whose LC50 value is 28.6, 31.6, 45.4 and 37.6 microL/mL respectively. This study will contributed to construct high efficacy and wide spectrum engineered strains on theory and reality.
Animals ; Bacillus thuringiensis ; genetics ; Bacterial Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; pharmacology ; Cloning, Molecular ; Insecticides ; pharmacology ; Pest Control, Biological ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; pharmacology

Cloning, Molecular ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; Hepacivirus ; genetics ; Humans ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; Viral Nonstructural Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo study the clinicopathologic characteristics of metastatic carcinomas to the spleen.

METHODSSixteen cases of metastatic carcinoma to the spleen were retrieved from archival clinical, surgical pathology and autopsy records. The demographic data (including sex and age of patients), clinical symptoms, primary sites, tumor histologic types, gross appearance of spleen and growth patterns within the spleen were analyzed.

RESULTSAmong the 16 patients studied, 12 were males and 4 were females. The male predilection was obvious. The age ranged from 48 to 90 years, the median age 66.5 years. Major clinical symptoms included discomfort in the left upper quadrant, pain, emaciation and loss of appetite. Splenomegaly was noted in some patients and computerized tomography could show space-occupying lesions in the spleen. In general, lung was the most common primary site for splenic metastasis and accounted for 43.8% of all cases (7/16). In male patients, primary lung tumor was found in 50.0% cases (6/12). On the other hand, primary ovarian tumor was commonly seen in females (2/4). Histologically, undifferentiated carcinoma of lung was frequently encountered (25.0%, 4/16), including 3 cases of small cell undifferentiated carcinoma and 1 case of large cell undifferentiated carcinoma. Other histologic tumor types included bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (2 cases), colonic adenocarcinoma (2 cases), ovarian serous papillary adenocarcinoma (2 cases), and prostatic adenocarcinoma (2 cases). The commonest histologic tumor type found in male patients was pulmonary undifferentiated carcinoma. The growth patterns of metastatic carcinoma in spleen included nodular, diffuse and multinodular. Most cases presented as a single splenic nodule. Sometimes, tumors with high metastatic potential (5/16) showed diffuse and multinodular growth patterns. Examples of these tumors included small cell undifferentiated carcinoma (3 cases), pulmonary adenocarcinoma (1 case) and prostatic adenocarcinoma (1 case).

CONCLUSIONSMetastatic carcinoma to the spleen is rare. Understanding of the clinicopathologic characteristics is helpful in guiding clinical management and pathologic diagnosis.

Adenocarcinoma ; secondary ; Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar ; secondary ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Small Cell ; secondary ; Colonic Neoplasms ; pathology ; Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous ; secondary ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; pathology ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; pathology ; Spleen ; pathology ; Splenic Neoplasms ; secondary