Objective To investigate any effects of carbamylated erythropoietin (CEPO) on the expression of LINGO-1,growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43) and the infarcted volume after cerebral ischemia,so as to explore the effect of CEPO on neural regeneration after cerebral ischemia.Methods Forty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a sham operation group,an ischemia control group and a CEPO treatment group,each of 16.Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was used to simulate focal cerebral ischemia in all except the rats in the sham operation group.Then the CEPO group was injected with 0.5 ml of CEPO,while the other two groups were given a 0.5 ml injection of normal saline daily for 7 days before they were sacrificed to prepare slices of brain tissue.Western blotting was used to detect the expression of LINGO-1 and activated caspase-3.Immunohistochemical staining was applied to observe the expression of GAP-43.The slices of brain tissue were stained with cresyl violet and the volume of infarction and edema were quantified with the Image J software.Results The average expression of LINGO1 in the sham operation group,the ischemia control group and the CEPO treatment group were (0.25±0.02),(1.22±0.06) and (0.66±0.05) respectively,with significant differences among the 3 groups.There was no expression of activated caspase-3 in the sham operation group.However,the expression of activated caspase-3 increased significantly (to 86.6±10.2)％ in the ischemia control group and increased significantly less (to 40.3±8.7)％ in the CEPO treatment group.The average positive expression of GAP-43 in the sham operation group,the ischemia control group and the CEPO treatment group were 0,(55.02± 1.62) and (72.11±3.23)/HP,respectively,with significant differences among them.Moreover,the average volumes of cerebral infarction and brain edema in the CEPO treatment group were significantly lower than those in the ischemia control group.Conclusions CEPO can inhibit the expression of LINGO-1 and activated caspase-3,promote the expression of GAP-43,reduce infarct volume and limit cerebral edema so as to promote neural regeneration after cerebral ischemia,at least in rats.

Epigenesis, Genetic ; Humans ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; genetics

Epigenomics ; Hematologic Diseases ; genetics ; Humans

Hematologic Diseases ; diagnosis ; Hematologic Tests ; Humans

Corneal refractive surgery has been the major solution for the correction of ametropia.With the standardization of preoperative examination,intraoperative procedure and perioperative drugs,corneal refractive surgery has become much safer.Meanwhile,patients can get not only good visual acuity,but also favorable visual quality.However,the patient satisfaction has not been improved dramatically with the enhance of effectiveness and safety after surgery.Increase of the satisfaction degree to corneal refractive surgery is related to multiple factors such as experienced and highly skilled operation,operative safety,lessening operative complication,good postoperative visual and life quality of patients.Comprehensively analyzing existing problems in corneal refractive surgery in China and further obtain satisfaction of patient will be of an important significance for the healthy development of laser corneal refractive surgery.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Central Nervous System Neoplasms ; cerebrospinal fluid ; diagnosis ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Hyaluronan Receptors ; cerebrospinal fluid ; Leukemia ; cerebrospinal fluid ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of extracellular regulating kinase (ERK) signaling pathway on the secretion of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in cultured rat hippocampal neurons induced by stromal cell derived factor-1 (SDF-1).

METHODSThe hippocampal neurons of newborn SD rats were cultured and identified in vitro; the phosphorylation level of ERK1/2 was examined by Western blot; ELISA was used to detect the effect of PD98059, a ERK1/2 specific blocker on GABA secretion of cultured hippocampal neurons and Western blot were adopted to measure the protein expression levels of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65/67) and gamma aminobutyric acid transporter (GAT); after blocking ERK1/2 signaling pathway with PD98059; RT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression levels of GAT-1 and GAD65 after treated with PD98059.

RESULTSThe levels of ERKl/2 phosphorylation were increased significantly by SDF1 acting on hippocampal neurons, and CX-CR4 receptor blocker AMD3100, could inhibit SDF-1 induced ERK1/2 activation; SDF-1 could inhibit the secretion of GABA in cultured hippocampal neurons, and ERK1/2 specific inhibitor PD98059, could partly reverse the inhibition of GABA secretion by SDF-1. The effects of SDF-1 on cultured hippocampal neurons was to decrease the mRNA genesis of glutamic acid decarboxylase GAD65 and GABA transporter GAT-1, besides, ERK inhibitor PD98059 could effectively flip the effect of SDF-1. The results of Western blot showed that SDF-1 could inhibit the protein expression of GAT-1 and GAD65/67 in hippocampal neurons and the inhibition of GAT-1 and GAD65/67 protein expression could be partially restored by ERK1/2 blocker.

CONCLUSIONSDF-1 acts on the CXCR4 of hippocampal neurons in vitro, and inhibits the expression of GAD by activating the ERK1/2 signaling pathway, and this may represent one possible pathway of GABA secretion inhibition.

Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Cells, Cultured ; Chemokine CXCL12 ; pharmacology ; Flavonoids ; pharmacology ; Glutamate Decarboxylase ; metabolism ; Hippocampus ; cytology ; MAP Kinase Signaling System ; Neurons ; metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; RNA, Messenger ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, CXCR4 ; metabolism ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid ; secretion

Brain Concussion ; complications ; Hearing ; Hearing Disorders ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Thioctic Acid ; therapeutic use

Objective To explore lymphocyte differentially expressed protein profile and its pathogenic significance in Huaihua Dong peoples with hypertension.Methods The lymphocyte protein profiles among 130 cases of blood specimen were detected and identified with matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization/time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) and Mascot search against protein database.Results The reproducible protein-maps of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis were obtained among three groups.Compared with Dong normal peoples,the protein disulfide isomerase-related protein 5 and heat shock protein 27 showed higher expressions in the Dong peoples with hypertension (P ＜ 0.01),but chain A,structure of haemoglobin in the deoxy quaternary state with ligand bound at the alpha haems is no statistical significance(P ＞0.05).Those three proteins were upregulated in Han peoples with hypertension (P ＜0.01).Conclusions The up-regulation of the protein disulfide isomerase-related protein 5 and heat shock protein 27 in the Dong and Han peoples with hypertension suggest that those two proteins might be associated with the occurrence and development of hypertension.

OBJECTIVE: To develop an HPLC method for simultaneous determination five eatechins, including (+)-catechin, epicatechin, (-)-epigallocatechin, (-)-epicatechin gallate and (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate, as well as caffeine in Oolong tea. METHODS: The HPLC analysis was carried out on a Grace Allitima C18 column (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm), with a gradient elution acetonitrile-0.2% acetic acid at the flow rate 1.0 mL · min-1. The detective wave length was set at 280 nm, and the column temperature was set at 35℃. RESULTS: The calibration curve was linear within the range 5.95-952 μg · mL-1 for catechin, 6.36-1018 μg · mL-1 for epicatechin, 6.55-1048 μg · mL-1 for epigallocatechin, 7.80-1248) μg · mL-1 for epigallocatechin gallate, 10.83-1732 μg · mL-1 for epigallocatechin-3-gallate, and 13.38-2 140 μg · mL-1 for caffeine, respectively. The average recoveries for six determined marker compounds were 99.12%-102.12%. CONCLUSION: This method is simple, accurate, and practical for quality control Oolong tea. There are some differences in the contents the six marker compounds in the samples from different producing areas and different collection periods.