Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Sleep Deprivation ; physiopathology ; psychology

Bone Neoplasms ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia

The changes of pathophysiology of perihematomal tissue after intracerebral hemor- rhage are extremely complicated.Studies in recent years have suggested that perihematomal tissue does exist many changes of pathophysiology and molecular biology,such as mass effect of hematoma,hematoma components damage to perihematomal tissue,hemodynamic changes, neuropeptide Y and matrix metalloproteinase changes,etc.

AIM:To evaluate the clinical characteristics in retinal nerve fiber layer ( RNFL) thickness of the 8~17 years old near sightedness, provide the basis for juvenile glaucoma diagnosis, to avoid missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis.
METHODS:A total of 165 eyes from 99 healthy subjects ( age range 8 ~ 17 years ) were divided into low, moderate, high myopia and normal group. Cirrus HD OCT was used to measure the RNFL thickness. Each subject was performed circular scans around the optic nerve with a circle size of 3. 46mm. Total average, mean quadrant and clock - hour RNFL thicknesses were recorded and compared between the four groups. The characteristics of the RNFL thickness of myopia were observed.
RESULTS: Compared myopia groups with normal group, the mean RNFL thickness decreased, there was statistically significant difference in high myopia group (P<0. 05). The mean RNFL thickness of superior, inferior and nasal quadrant decreased, temporal quadrant was thickened. Compared moderate and high myopia groups with normal group, superior, inferior quadrant RNFL thickness were thinning, temporal quadrant was thickening, the differences had statistical significance ( P< 0. 05 ). The RNFL measurements were statistically significant thinner in the myopia groups compared with normal group at 1:00, 5:00, 6:00 and 12:00 o'clock ( P<0.05) and thicker at 8:00, 9:00, 10:00 o'clock (P<0. 05). The RNFL measurement was statistically significant thicker in the low myopia group compared with normal group at 3:00 o'clock (P<0. 05).
CONCLUSION: Compared adolescent myopia with normal, the Avg ( mean RNFL thickness ) , S ( superior quadrant RNFL thickness ) , I ( inferior quadrant RNFL thickness), 1:00, 5:00, 6:00 and 12:00 o'clock RNFL thickness is thinner, which is decreased with the increasing SE. While the temporal ( T) quadrant, 8:00, 9:00, 10:00 o'clock RNFL thickness is thicker, which increased with the increasing SE. Analysis of RNFL thickness in the evaluation of glaucoma should always be interpreted with reference to the refractive status, so as not to cause misdiagnosis of glaucoma. The highest diagnosis efficiency position of glaucoma is infratemporal (7:00~8:00 o'clock) and superior temporal (10:00 ~11:00 o'clock), which is not thinner in juvenile myopia, if these positions become thinner, it may be the possibility of glaucoma.

OBJECTIVETo establish an HPLC method for the content determination of baicalin, wogonin, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, cichoric acid, corynoline and adenosine in Pudilan Xiaoyan oral liquid.

METHODThe analysis was performed on a Phenomenex Luna C18 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 µm) with a gradient mobile phase of methanol-0.1% trifluoroacetic acid solution system at flow rate of 1.0 mL · min(-1). The detective wavelength was at 280 nm. The column temperature was 30 °C.

RESULTThe standard curves of seven studied components show good linearity in their concentration ranges with r ≥ 0.999 6. The average recovery was 98.73%-102.1% with RSD less than 2.6%.

CONCLUSIONThe method is rapid, simple and accurate, and can be applied for the quality control of Pudilan Xiaoyan oral liquid.

Caffeic Acids ; analysis ; Chlorogenic Acid ; analysis ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Flavanones ; analysis ; Flavonoids ; analysis ; Succinates ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of extracellular regulating kinase (ERK) signaling pathway on the secretion of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in cultured rat hippocampal neurons induced by stromal cell derived factor-1 (SDF-1).

METHODSThe hippocampal neurons of newborn SD rats were cultured and identified in vitro; the phosphorylation level of ERK1/2 was examined by Western blot; ELISA was used to detect the effect of PD98059, a ERK1/2 specific blocker on GABA secretion of cultured hippocampal neurons and Western blot were adopted to measure the protein expression levels of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65/67) and gamma aminobutyric acid transporter (GAT); after blocking ERK1/2 signaling pathway with PD98059; RT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression levels of GAT-1 and GAD65 after treated with PD98059.

RESULTSThe levels of ERKl/2 phosphorylation were increased significantly by SDF1 acting on hippocampal neurons, and CX-CR4 receptor blocker AMD3100, could inhibit SDF-1 induced ERK1/2 activation; SDF-1 could inhibit the secretion of GABA in cultured hippocampal neurons, and ERK1/2 specific inhibitor PD98059, could partly reverse the inhibition of GABA secretion by SDF-1. The effects of SDF-1 on cultured hippocampal neurons was to decrease the mRNA genesis of glutamic acid decarboxylase GAD65 and GABA transporter GAT-1, besides, ERK inhibitor PD98059 could effectively flip the effect of SDF-1. The results of Western blot showed that SDF-1 could inhibit the protein expression of GAT-1 and GAD65/67 in hippocampal neurons and the inhibition of GAT-1 and GAD65/67 protein expression could be partially restored by ERK1/2 blocker.

CONCLUSIONSDF-1 acts on the CXCR4 of hippocampal neurons in vitro, and inhibits the expression of GAD by activating the ERK1/2 signaling pathway, and this may represent one possible pathway of GABA secretion inhibition.

Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Cells, Cultured ; Chemokine CXCL12 ; pharmacology ; Flavonoids ; pharmacology ; Glutamate Decarboxylase ; metabolism ; Hippocampus ; cytology ; MAP Kinase Signaling System ; Neurons ; metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; RNA, Messenger ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, CXCR4 ; metabolism ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid ; secretion

Child ; Humans ; Liver Failure ; therapy ; Liver Transplantation ; Male ; Plasma Exchange

The culture conditions of Saccharomyces cerevisiae sp.strain by 1.1 b were optimized for the production of D-(-)-mandelate dehydrogenase which is useful for the asymmetric bioreduction of benzoylformate to form D-(-)-mandelate.The optimum medium(per liter)consistes of 60 g peptone,30 g maltose, 0.5 g MgSO_4,0.01 g ZnSO_4,1.0 g KCl.After optimization of the culture medium,the enzyme production in shake flasks is enhanced from 2.56 to 20.21 U/L.The optimum fermentation conditions were determined as follows:medium volume 100 mL(i.e.,40%for a 250-mL shake flask),pH 6.5,inoculum size 10%,temperature 30℃,and cultivation time 25 h.

Objective To study the value of plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels on the cardiac function evaluation in children with left-right shunt congenital heart disease (CHD).Methods Thirtytwo children with left-right shunt CHD were selected and divided into right ventricular group (14 cases) and left ventricular group (18 cases) according to the heart load capacity types.Twenty healthy children were selected as control group.Then plasma BNP levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method and the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF),left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD),right ventricular end-diastolic diameter (RVEDD),pulmonary blood flow (Qp)/systemic blood flow ratio(Qs) and left heart Tei index were determined by echocardiography and compared.Results The plasma BNP levels,LVEDD,RVEDD,Qp/Qs and left heart Tei index were (60.21 ± 26.78) rng/L,(35.71 ± 6.98) mm,(25.04 ± 5.52) mm,1.74 ± 0.24,0.34 ± 0.12 in right ventricular group.The plasma BNP levels,LVEDD,RVEDD,Qp/Qs and left heart Tei index were (64.57 ± 25.18) ng/L,(45.27 ± 7.26) mm,(12.34 ± 2.18) mm,1.78 ± 0.19,0.36 ± 0.11 in left ventricular group.The plasma BNP levels,LVEDD,RVEDD,Qp/Qs and left heart Tei index were (33.42 ± 9.46) ng/L,(32.31 ± 4.87) mm,(10.98 ± 1.60) mm,0.92 ± 0.11,0.28 ± 0.08 in control group.The plasma BNP levels,LVEDD,RVEDD,Qp/Qs and left heart Tei index in right ventricular group and left ventricular group were higher than those in control group,and there were significant differences (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in LVEF among three groups (P ＞ 0.05).The plasma BNP levels in right ventricular group had positive correlation with RVEDD (r =0.634,P ＜ 0.05),Qp/Qs (r =0.721,P ＜ 0.05) and left heart Tei index (r =0.647,P ＜ 0.05).The plasma BNP levels in left ventricular group had postive correlation with LVEDD (r =0.547,P ＜ 0.05),Qp/Qs(r =0.794,P ＜ 0.05) and left heart Tei index (r =0.745,P ＜ 0.05).There was no correlation between the plasma BNP levels and LVEF in right ventricular group and left ventricular group.Conclusion The plasma BNP levels determination helps the early cardiac function evaluation of left-right shunt CHD,and combined with echocardiography can accurately reflect the early cardiac function of the left-right shunt CHD,which can provide objective basis for the clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Objective: Hepatocarcinoma cell line was transfected with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) hairpin ribozyme gene to observe the effect of hairpin ribozyme on VEGF expression and the growth of the xenografted tumors. Methods: The artificial anti-VEGF hairpin ribozyme gene was transfected into hepatocarcinoma SMMC-7721 cells via lipofectin mediation. The blank vector and the cell controls were prepared simultaneously. Then, positive clones were screened by genticin (G418). The transcription of ribozyme was confirmed by RT-PCR. The effects of the ribozyme on VEGF expression of SMMC-7721 cells were detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemical method. Cells in each group were inoculated into nude mice. The tumor volume and weight were recorded. The change in microvessel density and expression of VEGF was determined by immunohistochemistry. Results: Ribozyme gene was successfully transferred into tumor cells. The proliferation rate of ribozyme-transfected SMMC-7721 cells was significantly slower (P < 0.01). The expression of VEGF significantly decreased in ribozyme-transfected SMMC-7721 cells. After rebozyme transfection, the tumor formation rate significantly decreased and the growth speed of xenografted hepatocarcinoma markedly slowed down. The microvessel density and angiogenesis of the xenografted hepatocarcinoma were obviously reduced. Conclusion: Anti-VEGF hairpin ribozyme gene significantly inhibited the VEGF expression of hepatocarcinoma in vitro and in vivo by inhibiting angiogenesis of tumor cells. This study provided an experimental evidence for anti-angiogenesis gene therapy for hepatocarcinoma.