Objective:To discuss the medication, prescription law and academic thoughts of doctors in the Ming and Qing Dynasties for the treatment of abdominal tympanites based on the Yi An Lei Ju. Methods:The medical records of doctors in the Ming and Qing Dynasties for the treatment of tympanites contained in Yi An Lei Ju were retrieved, and the prescription information was extracted. Based on R4.2.1 and the TCM inheritance calculation platform V3.0, the frequency, property and taste, and meridian tropism, and efficacy categories of drugs were counted, and association rules analysis and clustering analysis were performed. Results:A total of 214 prescriptions were included, involving 239 kinds of Chinese materia medica, with a total frequency of 2 080 times. The high-frequency drugs (frequency≥30) were Poria, Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, Alismatis Rhizoma, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, etc. The medicinal properties of the drugs were mainly warm, neutral and cold. The flavors were mainly pungent, sweet and bitter. The meridians were mainly spleen, liver and kidney meridians. The efficacy categories were mainly tonic drugs, diuresis and dampness drugs, and qi-regulating drugs. Association rule analysis found that the most frequently used drug pair was Poria-Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium. Clustering analysis showed that drugs (frequency≥20) could be divided into 4 clusters.Conclusions:Doctors in the Ming and Qing Dynasties treated abdominal tympanites with the basic treatment methods of invigorating the spleen and promoting diuresis, soothing the liver and regulating qi, warming the kidney and resolving fluid retention. The medication took into account the ascending and descending of qi, the combination of attack and supplement, the combination of cold and heat, and the harmony of qi and blood.