Objective To investigate the risk of atopic disease in infants with a atopic mothers. Methods The level of CCL22 and total IgE in the cord blood were measured using ELISA for 33 newborns with atopic mothers and for 44 newborns with non-atopic mothers. Correlation between the two factors was examined. Periodic follow-ups were conducted on the newborns to observe the risk of atopic diseases. Results The atopic group showed a higher level of CCL22 than that in non-atopic group, and the difference was statistically significant (Z=5.20, P=0.000). When 0.9 kU/L was taken as the threshold of an elevated IgE level in cord blood, the positive rates of the atopic group (11/33) was much higher than that of the non-atopic group (4/44) (χ2=7.07, P=0.008). Furthermore, the level of CCL22 and the level of IgE were significantly positively correlated (r=0.808, P=0.000; r=0.348, P=0.021) in the atopic group and the non-atopic group, respectively. During the 12 months of follow-up, the number of atopic diseases occurred in the infants in the atopic group (24/33) was much higher than that in the non-atopic group (10/44) (χ2=19.12, P<0.001).Significant correlation exists between levels CCL22 and total IgE in cord blood and infant atopic diseases (Z=5.36, P=0.000; Z=4.44, P=0.000). Conclusions At birth, the infants with an atopic mother are already in a sensitization state and have a tendency to develop potential atopic diseases. There is a correlation between the history of atopic diseases in the mothers and the elevated level of CCL22 in the cord blood of the newborns, and the probability of developing atopic diseases for the newborns is significantly higher when the level of CCL22 is elevated. The combined detection of CCL22 and IgE levels impact significantly on the prediction of the risk of atopic diseases clinically.

Purpose: This study aims to elucidate the longitudinal alterations in frailty and health-related quality of life experienced by elderly patients undergoing surgical treatment for esophageal cancer. Additionally, it seeks to ascertain the impact of preoperative frailty on postoperative health-related quality of life over time. Methods: 131 patients were included in the prospective study. Patients' frailty and health-related quality-of-life were assessed utilizing the Tilburg and European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 at preoperative, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months, postoperatively. Statistical analyses were performed using generalized estimating equations, repeated-measures analysis of variance, and linear mixed models (LMMs). Results: Out of 131 patients, 28.2% had frailty before surgery, and the prevalence of frailty consistently higher after surgery compared with baseline (67.9%, 51.9%, and 39.7%). There was no significant change in frailty scores in preoperative frail patients within 3 months following surgery (p = .496, p < .999, p < .999); whereas in preoperative non-frail patients, the frailty scores increased at 1 week (p < .001) and then decreased at 1 month (p = .014), followed by no change at 3 months. In addition, preoperative frail patients had significantly worse global quality-of-life (β = −4.24 (−8.31; −.18), p = .041), physical functioning (β = −9.87 (−14.59; −5.16), p < .001), role functioning (β = −10.04 (−15.76; −4.33), p = .001), and social functioning (β = −8.58 (−15.49; −1.68), p = .015), compared with non-frail patients. Conclusions A significant proportion of participants exhibited a high prevalence of preoperative frailty. These patients, who were preoperatively frail, exhibited a marked reduction in health-related quality-of-life, a more gradual recovery across various functional domains, and an increased symptom burden during the follow-up period. Therefore, it is crucial to meticulously identify and closely monitor patients with preoperative frailty for any changes in their postoperative physiology, role, and social functioning.