Objective To report the diagnosis and treatment of an imported case of schistosomiasis haematobium,including the pathological features of the disease and therapeutic efficacy of praziquantel. Methods The data of the patient with schistoso?miasis haematobium were collected,and the pathological features of the bladder tissue were observed under a microscope. More?over,the patient was treated with praziquantel,and his urine was collected before and after the treatment. The eggs in the urine were examined by a microscope after sediment and the miracidia were hatched. Results The patient once worked in Angola for three months,and after returning home he had the symptoms of intermittent painless terminal hematuresis. It was ineffective af?ter anti?inflammatory treatment in a number of hospitals. There were no sand spots discovered under the cystoscope. However , the inflammatory reaction to parasite with a lot of eosinophils infiltration in the bladder mucosa was found on the pathological sec?tions under a microscope,and the egg structure was observed with individual characteristics. The eggs were detected in the urine and the miracidia were hatched before the praziquantel treatment. The hematuria symptoms disappeared after the praziquantel treatment. The eggs were still detected in the urine 7 days post?treatment,but the miracidium could not be hatched. One month and 6 months post?treatment,the eggs were not detected in the urine. Conclusions The imported cases of schistosomiasis hae?matobium are often misdiagnosed,and therefore,it is necessary to strength the health education to the workers overseas and also to improve the ability of diagnosis in medical staff. For the case reported in this paper,there are typical structure of Schistosoma haematobium eggs and egg?granulomas on the pathological sections of bladder tissues. Praziquantel has satisfactory treatment re?sults.

Objective To study the efficacy and safety of transverse compression suture in the lower uterine segment for the control of postpartum haemorrhage in cesarean section caused by placenta previa. Methods From Jan 2011 to Jan 2013, 21 patients with postpartum haemorrhage in cesarean section due to placenta previa were given transverse compression suture in the lower uterine segment after routine medical treatment. And the hemostatic efficacy and safety were observed. Results 20 cases of the vaginal bleeding were controlled efficient-ly, with an efficiency of 95. 2%. There was no complication occurred, and menstruation were back to normal during the follow-up, and there was nothing abnormal in the uterine double accessories through B ultrasound reexamination. Conclusion Transverse compression suture in the lower uterine segment is an easy, safe and highly effective surgical technique, it is especially suitable for the control of haemorrhage in the lower uterine segment caused by placenta previa.

Objective To investigate the gestation-specific reference intervals (GRIs) and dynamic changes of thyroid function at different gestational ages in Chongqing .Methods Combining self-sequential longtitudinal with cross-sectional study, the serum samples from 640 pregnant women with different gestational age were collected from June 2014 to September 2015 in the Third Military Medical University. The free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), thyroglobulin (TG), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb), and antithyroglobulin antibody (TGAb) were detected by the direct chemiluminescence method.According to China Guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid disease in pregnancy and postpartum in 2012, the reference interval of the thyroid function was calculated.The data were analyzed by Chi square test .Results Established GRIs of thyroid function during pregnancy in Chongqing:The GRIs was 3.68-5.59 pmol/L for FT3, 9.34-17.02 pmol /L for FT4, 0.18-5.26 mIU/L for TSH in 6-9+6 weeks of pregnancy; the GRIs was 3.69-6.03 pmol /L for FT3, 8.42-15.75 pmol/L for FT4、0.09-4.85 mIU/L for TSH in 10-13+6 weeks of pregnancy; the GRIs was 3.24-5.46 pmol /L for FT3, 6.50-14.24 pmol/L for FT4, 0.11-5.13 mIU/L for TSH in 14-27+6 weeks of pregnancy;the GRIs was 3.06-5.05 pmol /L for FT3, 6.12-11.69 pmol/L for FT4, 0.75-3.67 mIU/L for TSH in 30-34 weeks of pregnancy; the GRIs was 2.96-5.00 pmol/L for FT3, 6.26-11.36 pmol /L for FT4, 0.84-5.54 mIU/L for TSH in 36-40 weeks of pregnancy.Screening by GRIs, the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction was 8.75% (46), however, the prevalence was 37.07% (195) in according with the guidelines,χ2 =120.5,P =0.000.The overdiagnosis rate was 28.32%(149 /526).Using the guidelines of thyroid disease and our GRIs, the thyroid disease was found 116 (22.05%) and 30 (5.70%) in the first screening. Moreover, the thyroid disease was found 79(19.27%) and 10(3.23%) during the repeat screening in the normal population.Conclusions Using the GRIs for thyroid function tests in normal singleton pregnant women could reduce the risk of over diagnosis .The detection rate of repeat screening of TPOAb negative patients was close to the first screening detection rate , and repeated screening could reduce the risk of missed diagnosis for thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy women .(Chin J Lab Med, 2016, 39:511-515 )

Objective To investigate the effect of high active antiretroviral therapy ( HAART) on growth and development of infants born to pregnant women infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the effect on blocking mother to children transmission.Methods Totally 165 pregnant women diagnosed with HIV infection from May 2006 to May 2017 and their 169 infants, including four pairs of twins were enrolled, and 82 infants born to HIV negative pregnant women in the same period were enrolled as control .All of the pregnant women in the experimental group were administrated with HAART when HIV antibody test was positive.The delivery intervention and artificial feeding were carried out as well.The weight, height, hemoglobin (Hb), serum iron and serum calcium level of infants at birth , 12 months and six years old were monitored and compared between the two groups.Apgar scores of newborns and intelligence tests at six-year-old were also recorded.Statistical analysis was performed by t test.Results Pregnant women were generally in good conditions and well tolerated to the drugs.There were no significant differences in neonatal Apgar scores , body weight, body length, Hb, serum iron, serum calcium and CD4+T lymphocyte count between HIV positive experimental group and control group (t ＝-1.27,-1.12,-3.41,-5.62,-0.89,-3.02 and-0.74, respectively, all P＞0.05).At the age of 12 months, there were no significant differences in body weight , length, Hb, serum iron, serum calcium and CD4+T lymphocyte count between the two groups ( t ＝1.02, 1.41, 1.32, 1.03, 0.89 and 1.06, respectively, all P ＞0.05).At the age of six years, there were no significant differences in all indexes between the two groups (t＝1.02, 0.87, 1.58, 1.03, 0.92 and 2.07, respectively, all P ＞0.05).Intelligence assessment was performed in 78 children of the experimental group and 45 children of the control group at the age of six years , and there was no significant difference between the two groups ((89.7 ±12.5) score vs (91.2 ±13.7) score, t＝1.67, P＝0.43).All the children in the experimental group were positive for HIV antibody at birth , and six cases were positive for HIV RNA who were diagnosed with neonatal HIV infection.HAART was initiated for the six cases , while HIV antibody tests were still positive until the age of 18 months after HAART.The rest of the children′s HIV antibody tests became negative with the mother to children tramsission rate of 3.55%(6／169).Conclusion HAART could not only block mother to children tramsission of HIV , but also has no effect on growth and intellectual development of children during the observation period.

OBJECTIVETo study the morphological and anatomical characteristics of Coptis deltoidea based on the research of its breeding system.

METHODThe flowering process of C. deltoidea was observed dynamically and the out-crossing index was estimated, using Motic BA200 microscope to observe the morphologic characteristics of the mixed bud, stolon and pollen was observed microscopically, and compared with those of C. chinensis.

RESULTThe results showed that the breeding system of C. deltoidea was facultative hybridization, it could bloom normally and fruit while cannot form seeds. And there were no statistical differences in the number of stamens, pistils, ovules, pollens in a stamen, pollens in a flower, pollen-ovule ratio, and the pollen grain size between C. deltoidea and C. chinensis. However the pollen of C. deltoidea developed anomaly, most of the pollen grains in it were surface depression, the texture was unsharp or broken, the pollen could not germinate. The lateral bud on the lower side of the mixed bud formed in the bud stage. Pericyclic fibers in the stolon (the vegetative propagation branch) shaped like a cap, and all the shaped-caps nearly formed a ring.

CONCLUSIONThe abnormal development of the pollen could be the mainly cause to the no formation of seeds in C. deltoidea. The lateral bud forming in the bud stage then developing the stolon is the characteristics of the asexual propagation. Pericycle fibers in the stolon nearly forming a ring is a secondary character to accommodate the vegetative propagation of C. deltoidea.

Breeding ; Coptis ; anatomy & histology ; genetics ; growth & development ; Flowers ; anatomy & histology ; genetics ; growth & development ; Pollen ; anatomy & histology ; genetics ; growth & development

Literature related to children's adenoid hypertrophy was retrieved to form an expert questionnaire.According to the group standard writing rules of the China Association of Chinese Medicine,the peer consultation,quality evaluation and suitability eval-uation were completed through three rounds of Delphi expert questionnaire surveys and expert discussion meetings,and the Clinical Practice Guidelines for TCM in Children with Adenoidal Hypertrophy was finally formed.The guidelines have been formulated to clarify the scope of application of the guidelines,normative reference documents,terms and definitions,diagnosis,syndrome differentiation,treatment,prevention and care,and to provide an important reference for the clinical practice and diagnosis and treatment norms of tra-ditional Chinese medicine for children with adenoid hypertrophy.

ObjectiveTo investigate the impact of acute respiratory infections in children under 12 years old in Pudong New Area， Shanghai from 2019 to 2023. MethodsAcute respiratory infection samples of children under 12 years old from three sentinel hospitals in Pudong New Area， Shanghai from 2019 to 2023 were collected， and 42 respiratory infection pathogens， including influenza virus， adenovirus， parainfluenza virus， respiratory syncytial virus， human enterovirus/rhinovirus， human pulmonary virus， human bokavirus， coronavirus （229E， HKU1， NL63 and OC43）， and novel coronavirus， were detected with microfluidic chips. The situation of acute respiratory infections among outpatient and inpatient children in this area was analyzed for the before the implementation of non pharmacological intervention measures （2019.12‒2020.1）， during the period of non pharmacological intervention measures （2020.2‒2022.12）， and after non pharmacological intervention measures （2023.1‒2023.6）. ResultsFrom 2019 to 2023， a total of 1 770 samples were collected， and 445 pathogens were detected， with a detection rate of 25.14% （445/1 770）. The main pathogens detected during the study period were influenza virus： 8.70% （154/1 770）， respiratory syncytial virus： 4.41% （78/1 770）， human enterovirus/rhinovirus： 2.66% （47/1 770）， human adenovirus： 2.49% （44/1 770）， and parainfluenza virus： 2.20% （39/1 770）. Before the implementation of non pharmacological intervention measures， outpatients were primarily infected with influenza， parainfluenza virus， and respiratory syncytial virus， with detection rates of 8.09%， 4.49%， and 4.04%， respectively； inpatients were mainly infected with influenza， respiratory syncytial virus， and parainfluenza virus， with detection rates of 4.49%， 3.82%， and 3.15%， respectively. During the period of non pharmacological intervention measures， influenza， rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus were the main viruses detected in the samples of outpatient children， with detection rates of 4.04%， 3.60%， and 2.47%， respectively； inpatient samples mainly detected respiratory syncytial virus， rhinovirus， and influenza virus， with detection rates of 3.60%， 2.02%， and 1.80%， respectively. After non pharmacological intervention measures， influenza， rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus were the main pathogens detected in the outpatients， with detection rates of 9.89%， 2.92% and 2.02%， respectively； influenza， respiratory syncytial virus， and rhinovirus were the main pathogens detected in inpatient children， with detection rates of 6.29%， 1.57%， and 1.35%， respectively. ConclusionThe prevalence of pathogens related to acute respiratory infections in children is influenced by non pharmacological preventive measures.