Objective To investigate the clinical and neuroimaging characteristics of patients with reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS). Methods The etiology, clinical manifestations, neuroimaging features, treatment, and prognosis were retrospectively analyzed in 8 patients (5 males and 3 females) with RPLS. Results The causes of RPLS included systemic lupus erythematosus (2 cases) eclampsia (one case), primary hypertension (one case), fungal encephalitis (one case), multiple myeloma (one case), renal transplantation (one case), immunosuppressant (three cases), chemotherapy (one case) and antifungal agent (one case). The clinical manifestations of these patients included headaches, seizures, visual abnormalities, and consciousness or mental disorders. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the head mainly showed symmetrical abnormalities in the posterior regions of the brain, as evidenced by low or equal signal on T_1WI, and high signal on T_2WI and FLAIR images. After treatment with antihypertensive agents, dehydration therapy, and heteropathy for 2～3 weeks, the neurological deficits of the patients were almost resolved and the initial lesions disappeared completely or almost completely in all patients at the follow-up MRI. Conclusions RPLS is a clinical entity characterized by reversible white matter damage in posterior brain. Prompt diagnosis and treatment may result in reversible resolution of its clinical symptoms and neuroradiological lesions.

Objective To investigate the clinical features of restless legs syndrome(RLS),its possible pathogenesis.and the effects of benserazide on the patients with RLS.Methods Twenty-three patients who met the primary diagnostic criteria of RLS were retrospectively analyzed.Results Twenty-three middle-aged or elderly patients aged 56 years in average had an average onset age of 52 years.Insomnia and daytime sleepiness were mostly common complains for these patients.Based on the diagnostic criteria of International RLS study group(IRLSSG),the average IRLSSG score was 25,and 16 cases(69%)of the patients were severe(21-30).Polysomnographic examination showed that 18 cases(78%)had periodic limb movement.in which the PLM index of 11 cases(61%)patients Was moderate(25-49).PLM-arousal index of all patients was increased.that of 16 cases(67%)patients being moderate.After treatment by levodopa/benserazide 100/25 mg at bedtime each night for 4 weeks,most of patients'subjective symptoms improved markedly.and the IRLSSG score Was obviously decreased.with an average score of 13,and 5 patients became completely normal.Among patients with periodic legs movement.the PLM index became normal in 5 patients and became mild in others.In addition.the PLM-arousal index in all patients Was markedly decreased.with that of 11 patients becoming normal.The sleep latency of 19 patients became normal.On the other hand,6 patients(26%)had transient headache,nausea,and lethargy.Conclusions Patients with discomfortable feeling of lower extremity which is mitigated after movement.and legs movement during sleep should be check up as early as possible.Benserazide may be considered as an effeetive medication for patients with RLS.

Objective To investigate the clinical features and the possible pathogenesis of rhythmic movement disorder (RMD) by analyzing 2 patients with RMD and reviewing the literature. Methods By using overnight polysomnogram (PSG) and sleeping video monitoring, the movement patterns, sleep architecture, and sleep quality of 2 patients who met the RMD diagnostic criteria were examined. Results Two male patients were 15-years old. The onset age of patient 1 was 3-years old, and patient 2 was 10-years old. All abnormal movements occurred in sleep, which presented with repetitive, stereotyping and rhythmical movements. Multiple patterns of abnormal sleeping movement were observed in 2 patients: head hypsokinesis, thoracic and waist hyperextension, and pendular movement of bilateral upper extremities. In the sitting position, the patient exhibited kneeling position, and fore-and-aft or lateral rhythmical swing of the upper body accompanied with head-banging. In the prone position, the patient behaved head backward hyperextension, and horizontal and fluctuating pendular movement of the body, which was just like the auto-erotic situation. In the lateral sleep position, the patient supported their head by using the right hand accompanied with fore-and-aft pendular movement of the head and the upper body. These symptoms mentioned above emerged immediately when the patient fell asleep, and continuously existed in all sleep period including non-rapid eye movement and rapid eye movement. All of the symptoms disappeared once the patient woke. The abnormal movement frequency was 0.1-2.0 Hz. In addition, the sleep architecture and quality were severely influenced by RMD in patient 2. Clonazepam might markedly ameliorate the symptoms and sleep quality. Conclusions Multiple abnormal movement patterns may exist in the RMD patients, and these abnormal movements could last during the whole sleep period. PSG and sleeping video monitoring should be undertaken for the suspected RMD patients, which are very useful for the definite diagnosis of RMD.

To our knowledge, there has been no clinical report of artesunate in the treatment of lung cancer. This study was designed to compare the efficacy and toxicity of artesunate combined with NP (a chemotherapy regimen of vinorelbine and cisplatin) and NP alone in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Objective Deep brain stimulation (DBS) can greatly improve the clinical symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD),but it can poorly improve the similar clinical symptoms of multiple system atrophy P-type (MSA-P);therefore,identification is a necessity for the two diseases before DBS is carried out on these patients;surface electromyography (sEMG) was employed to analyze the surface electromyographic characteristics associated with tremor and rigidity of PD and MSA-P to explore the role of sEMG in the differential diagnosis of PD and MSA-P.Methods Twenty patients with PD and 25 patients with MSA-P,admitted to our hospital from June 2013 to January 2015,were enrolled in the study.The sEMG was performed on all patients on the 2nd d of hospitalization.Tremor frequency,tremor sEMG activity intensity and postural tremor latency were analyzed.Synchronous sEMG activity intensity during passive activities was analyzed.Root mean square (RMS) in two states was calculated,and t-test was applied to compare tremor frequency,postural tremor latency and sEMG activity intensity.Results The incidence of rest tremor in MSA-P patients was 36％ and that in PD patients was 60％,with significant difference (P＜0.05).And the incidence ofpostural tremor in MSA-P ones was 44％ and that in PD ones was 35％,with significant difference (P＜0.05).Besides,the postural tremor latency in MSA-P patients was significantly longer than that in PD patients ([9.3±3.2] s vs.[5.3±2.1] s,P＜0.05).Thepostural tremor and rest tremor frequencies of MSA-P patients ([7.3±2.1] and [6.4±3.6]-Hz) were significantly higher than those in PD patients ([5.3±2.4] and [4.9±1.2] Hz,P＜0.05).In rest tremor,RMS of flexor and extensor in MSA-P patients was significantly decreased as compared with that in PD patients (P＜0.05);in postural tremor,RMS of flexor and extensor in MSA-P patients was significantly decreased as compared with that in PD patients (P＜0.05).During passive activities,RMS of extensor in MSA-P patients was statistically higher than that in PD patients ([27.927.9± 11.4] vs.[18.318.3±6.4] μV,P＜0.05),while there was no significant difference between RMS of flexor in MSA-P and PD patients ([31.1±13.6] vs.[29.2±8.9] μV,P＞0.05).Conclusion The sEMG can be applied in the preoperative differential diagnosis for DBS of PD and MSAP.

ObjectiveTo discuss the family environment characteristics of senior high school students with psychological problems， and to provide references for realizing management of senior high school students' mental health. MethodsA total of 1 917 senior high school students in Foshan No. 2 Middle School were enrolled， and assessed using Middle School Student Mental Health Scale （MSSMHS-60） and a self-compiled family environment questionnaire. Then the family environment characteristics of senior high school students with psychological problems were analyzed. ResultsThe total score of MSSMHS-60 was （1.83±0.49） in 1 917 senior high school students， and was （2.40±0.36） in 602 （31.40%） students with psychological problems. The detection rate of psychological problems demonstrated significant difference among senior high school students with different status of companionship， household finance， parental rearing style and kinship （χ²=16.951， 38.142， 90.545， 59.448， P<0.05 or 0.01）. Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that the presence of frequent parental quarrels was a risk factor for senior high school students' mental health （OR=3.120， P<0.01）. ConclusionThe detection rate of psychological problems is high among senior high school students in Foshan City， and family disputes is a risk factor for psychological problems.