Objective To establish a method of determining effective components in Tangzhiqing Capsule.Methods Gin- seng saponin Rg_1,Rb_1,Re and notoginseng saponin R_1 in the capsule were separated and purified by D_(101)macroporous absorption resin,and then determined by HPLC.Results The linearity arrange of ginseng saponin Rg_1,Re,Rb_1 and no- toginseng saponin R_1 were 1.88～11.28?g,1.76～10.56?g,0.294～1.764?g,0.752～2.256?g and the recov- eries were 101.51%(RSD=0.75%),100.58%(RSD=0.46%),100.29%(RSD=1.01%),98.64% (RSD = 0.73%)respectively.Conclusion The method is simple,feasible and reproducible,and can be used for the determination of effective components in Tangzhiqing Capsule.

[Objective] To establish the quality standard for Guanxin Qiwei Tablet. [Methods] Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Lignum Dalbergiae Odoriferae, Rhizoma Kaempferiae and Fructus Choerospondiatis in Guanxin Qiwei Tablet were identified by TLC. TanshinoneⅡA content was determined by HPLC.[Results] Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Lignum Dalbergiae Odoriferae, Rhizoma Kaempferiae and Fructus Choerospondiatis can be identified by TLC, the spot being clear without the interference of negative control. A good linearity was in the range of 0.022-0.154 ?g, the average recovery of tanshinone ⅡA was 97.9%, and RSD was 1.22%. [Conclusion] This method is simple and can be used to evaluate the quality of Guanxin Qiwei Tablet.

Objective:To observe any effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on learning, memory ability and the morphology of neurons in the hippocampus and cortex of rats with cognitive impairment, and also to seek any correlation between the rats′ behavior and the thickness of the granular layer in the CA1 region of the hippocampus.Methods:Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into an observation group, a model group and a control group, each of 10. Cognitive impairment was induced in the observation and model groups by intraperitoneal injection of scopolamine, while the control group was injected with saline solution over the same period of time. After successful modeling, the observation group was given tDCS, while the model and control groups were connected with electrodes but not given any electrical stimulation. After 16 consecutive days of treatment, behavioral changes of each group were quantified using a shuttle box and a Morris water maze. On the 30th day after the mode-ling, the brains were collected to observe any changes in the morphology of the hippocampal and cortical neurons. The thickness of the hippocampal granular layer was also measured.Results:In the observation group the average rate of electrical impulses after the intervention [(60.5±6.67)/min] was significantly less than in the model group [(145.8±19.31)/min], while the time to find a platform was significantly shorter. The rats of the observation group also crossed the D quadrant of the platform significantly more quickly than the model group, on average. Compared with the control group, the granular layer in the CA1 region of the hippocampus [(93.47±1.07)μm] was significantly thinner on average than in the model group but compared with the model group, the observation group had significantly thicker layers [95.17±1.49)μm] on average. The thickness was negatively correlated with the number of shocks and the time to find the platform, but positively correlated with the number of crossings of the platform in the D quadrant.Conclusions:The degree of impairment generated by intraperitoneal injection of scopolamine correlates with the thickness of the CA1 granular layer of the hippocampus, at least in rats. tDCS can improve the learning and memory of such rats. Its mechanism may be related to promoting structural recovery of hippocampal cortical neurons and increasing the thickness of the granular layer.

Objective·To explore the immune-related characteristics of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC),discover potential tumor markers in V-J genes,and lay the foundation for establishing a TCR-antigen recognition prediction model.Methods·A total of 704 NSCLC samples were collected to establish a comprehensive T-cell receptor(TCR)repertoire analysis workflow.The upstream analysis included steps such as raw data processing,quality control,filtering,TCR sequence identification,and extraction.The downstream analysis included repertoire clone distribution,clone typing,V-J gene sharing,CDR3 distribution characteristics,and clone tracking.The sample clone distribution was analyzed by using indices such as Shannon-Weiner index and Chaol index.Clone typing was performed based on the number of clone amplifications to explore differences among different types.The degree of V-J gene segment sharing was analyzed,and the sharing of low-frequency clone types was determined through clone amplification weight analysis of V-J genes by using two samples of papillary thyroid carcinoma.Finally,analysis of the distribution characteristics of V genes and high-frequency clone type CDR3,and clone tracking analysis were conducted to monitor changes in tumor immune clone frequencies before and after analysis,aiming to identify potential tumor markers.Results·① Significant differences were observed in clone distribution and clone typing among different NSCLC tissues,as well as among different ages and genders.② Specific highly-shared V-J genes were identified in the analysis of V-J gene sharing,and non-normal distribution of high-clone V genes and amino acid high-frequency clone types were found in the CDR3 distribution analysis.③ In the analysis of high-frequency clone type clone tracking,highly expressed or newly expressed high-frequency clone types were observed in NSCLC,suggesting that these clone types could serve as potential tumor-associated antigens or bind with CDR3 reference sequences of new antigens.④ It was found that the expression frequency of TRBJ2-5 gene,originally low-expressed,significantly increased,indicating its potential role as a key low-frequency gene in tumor immune response.Conclusion·The TRAV21 and TRBV6.5 genes show high clone amplification in NSCLC and could serve as potential tumor biomarkers.