Ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with a Q Exactive hybrid quadrupole-orbitrap mass spectrometry ( UPLC-MS/MS) and multivariate statistical analysis was applied to metabonomic
study of drug-induced liver injury. This investigation focused on the liver injury in clinic which was induced by antitumor drug, traditional Chinese medicine, statins and antibiotics. After precipitated by cold acetonitrile, the serum samples were separated on a HSS T3-C18 column using water (containning 0. 01% formic acid) and acetonitrile as mobile phase by gradient elution. Based on metabonomic profiles analysis of the orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis ( OPLS-DA ) and partial least squares-discriminant analysis ( PLS-DA) , 114 endogenous metabolites had been found to have significant differences between drug-induced liver injury patients and healthy volunteers, 38 endogenous metabolites have significant difference (p<0. 001). According to the results of the OPLS-DA, MS/MS data and human metabolome database ( HMDB) , phenylalanine and dimethylguanosine had been identified as potential biomarkers related to drug-induced liver injury for early discovery and diagnosis.

BACKGROUND:The effect of dimethyl sulfoxide cryoprotectants has been got a lot of verification in the low-temperature medical applications. But there is no literature addressing microdialysis detection of dimethyl sulfoxide cryoprotectants. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the microdialysis relative recovery of different concentrations of dimethyl sulfoxide cryoprotectants used for limb reattachment. METHODS:In vitro linear probe relative recovery of different concentrations of dimethyl sulfoxide (2%, 5%, 8%) was detected by retrodialysis gain and loss method. The correction in vivo experiment was done to estimate dimethyl sulfoxide relative recovery in rabbit amputated limbs. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The relative recoveries of different concentrations of dimethyl sulfoxide (2%, 5%, 8%) were (49.49±3.56)%, (46.30±1.48)%, (52.66±2.54)%using retrodialysis gain method and (50.99±6.89)%, (43.86±1.35)%, (50.67±0.75)%using retrodialysis loss method. The average recoveries were (49.48±3.18)%and (48.51±4.03)%, respectively. There was no difference in the relative recovery of dimethyl sulfoxide detected using two methods. The change of dimethyl sulfoxide concentration could not influence the retrodialysis gain and loss method calibration results. The recovery was (15.45±4.8)%in vivo. These findings indicate that the microdialysis technology is suitable for dimethyl sulfoxide sampling in vivo that has no obvious influence on the relative recovery.

Objective To establish LC‐MS/MS method for the determination of fluoxetine in human plasma .Methods After protein precipitation of acetonitrile the plasma sample was separated on an Agilent XDB‐C18 column using acetonitrile‐1 mmol/L ammonium formate(containing 0 .1% formic acid) as mobile phase by gradient elution .Detection was carried out by multiple reac‐tion monitoring(MRM) on 3200QTRAP LC‐MS/MS system .Results The assay was linear over the range 0 .30 -50 .0 ng/mL with a lower limit of quantitation of 0 .30 ng/mL .Intra‐and inter‐day precision were less than 15% ,respectively .The relative devia‐tion was in the range -2 .80% -2 .09% .The recovery of fluoxetine was more than 98% with less matrix effects .The stabilities were good .Conclusion It could be a rapid ,sensitive ,selective and reliable method for the determination of fluoxetine in human plas‐ma for therapeutic drug monitoring and pharmacokinetics .

Objective To study the clinical efficacy of small doses of interferon antiviral in treatment of chronic hep-atitis with decompensated cirrhosis. Methods Forty cases with chronic hepatitis with decompensated cirrhosis were se-lected from our hospital during the period from June 2012 to June 2013,all patients were given ribavirin and small doses of interferon,all patients were followed up 24 weeks after treatment. Results Twenty-nine cases of 40 patients were insisted in antiretroviral therapy,17 patients were treated for 24 weeks,12 patients were treated for 48 weeks. Af-ter treatment, the anorexia and bloating symptoms of 29 patients were vary degrees of ease. The liver function index(ALT,AST,ALB,TB),coagulation (PTA) and virological indicators in 24 weeks were significantly improved,the differ-ence was statistically significant (P<0.05);72 weeks compared with 48 weeks,the liver function index(ALT,AST,ALB, TB), coagulation (PTA) and virological indicators had no significantly improved,the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05). Conclusion Interferon antiviral has better clinical effect in treatment of chronic hepatitis,and it can improve the liver function.

Beijing Chaoyang Hospital of Capital Medical University has been designated as a pilot hospital for introduction of contemporary hospital management system. It actively explored a new model of rational drug use administration, namely setting up chief pharmacists, pharmacists classified management, precision drug use service, and strengthened management of rational drug use. These efforts have efficiently minimized patients′ burden of drug expenditure, and enhanced incentives of the pharmacists, achieving the pharmacy′s functional transformation and value enhancement.

OBJECTIVETo establish a specific technique for diagnosing and classifying Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD), facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) and neurologic dystrophy.

METHODSForty-seven cases were detected by immunofluorescence technique for analyzing dystrophin located in skeletal muscle cell membrane with the use of mouse monoclonal antibodies, goat and rabbit polyclonal antibodies.

RESULTSThe normal individuals showed ringed positive staining stripe around muscle fibers. Negative result of staining was seen in 16 DMD patients. Eleven BMD patients had discontinuous or a patchy positive staining pattern, and all of 10 FSHD and 10 neurological amyotrophic patients showed positive dystrophin staining.

CONCLUSIONDetecting dystrophin in the skeletal muscle cell membrane of muscular patients is an efficient technique for diagnosing and classifying various types of muscular dystrophy.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Dystrophin ; analysis ; Female ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Muscle, Skeletal ; chemistry ; pathology ; Muscular Dystrophies ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; Muscular Dystrophy, Facioscapulohumeral ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; Neuromuscular Diseases ; diagnosis ; metabolism

To analyze the infection and drug-resistant gene 23S rRNA mutations of mycoplasma pneumoniae (Mp) in hospitalized children aged 0-17 in Ningbo City from 2019 to 2023. Throat swabs were collected from hospitalized children with respiratory tract infections in Ningbo University Affiliated Women and Children′s Hospital from 2019 to 2023. They were subjected to real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction detection to analyze Mp infection and drug-resistant gene (23S rRNA) mutations. Intergroup comparisons were made by the Chi-square test or Fisher′s exact probability method. A total of 18 968 hospitalized children were included, with a total positive rate of 30.37% (5 760/18 968). The total positive rate of drug-resistant gene mutations was 82.45% (4 749/5 760). The positive rate of Mp in male children was 29.26%, which was lower than that in female children (31.67%, χ 2=12.948, P<0.001). The positive rate of Mp drug-resistant gene mutations in male children was 82.52%, which was higher than that in female children(82.37%, χ 2=0.021, P=0.885). The positive rates of Mp increased with age ( χ 2=1 722.21, P<0.001). The positive rates of Mp drug-resistant gene mutations also increased with age ( χ 2=13.152, P<0.001). In the four seasons, the total positive rate of Mp in summer and autumn was significantly higher than that in winter and spring ( χ 2=1 085.149, P<0.001). Among them, the Mp positive rates in the summer and autumn of 2019 were as high as 38.26% and 34.49%, while in the summer and autumn of 2020, the Mp positive rates were 2.55% and 1.65%, respectively, which were the lowest in previous years. In the summer and autumn of 2023, the Mp positive rates increased to 47.22% and 51.06%. There was no statistically significant difference in the detection rate of Mp drug-resistant gene mutations among the four seasons. In Conclusion, Mp infection was more prevalent in the summer and autumn in Ningbo city and females and children aged 7-17 were more susceptible. The epidemic of Mp infection in Ningbo occurred in the summer of 2019. After the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, the positive rate of Mp rapidly decreased and later remained in a low incidence state. After the lifting of restrictive prevention and control measures in 2023, the Mp positive rate returned to an epidemic state. The positive rate of Mp drug-resistant gene (23S rRNA) mutations was relatively high.

To analyze the infection and drug-resistant gene 23S rRNA mutations of mycoplasma pneumoniae (Mp) in hospitalized children aged 0-17 in Ningbo City from 2019 to 2023. Throat swabs were collected from hospitalized children with respiratory tract infections in Ningbo University Affiliated Women and Children′s Hospital from 2019 to 2023. They were subjected to real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction detection to analyze Mp infection and drug-resistant gene (23S rRNA) mutations. Intergroup comparisons were made by the Chi-square test or Fisher′s exact probability method. A total of 18 968 hospitalized children were included, with a total positive rate of 30.37% (5 760/18 968). The total positive rate of drug-resistant gene mutations was 82.45% (4 749/5 760). The positive rate of Mp in male children was 29.26%, which was lower than that in female children (31.67%, χ 2=12.948, P<0.001). The positive rate of Mp drug-resistant gene mutations in male children was 82.52%, which was higher than that in female children(82.37%, χ 2=0.021, P=0.885). The positive rates of Mp increased with age ( χ 2=1 722.21, P<0.001). The positive rates of Mp drug-resistant gene mutations also increased with age ( χ 2=13.152, P<0.001). In the four seasons, the total positive rate of Mp in summer and autumn was significantly higher than that in winter and spring ( χ 2=1 085.149, P<0.001). Among them, the Mp positive rates in the summer and autumn of 2019 were as high as 38.26% and 34.49%, while in the summer and autumn of 2020, the Mp positive rates were 2.55% and 1.65%, respectively, which were the lowest in previous years. In the summer and autumn of 2023, the Mp positive rates increased to 47.22% and 51.06%. There was no statistically significant difference in the detection rate of Mp drug-resistant gene mutations among the four seasons. In Conclusion, Mp infection was more prevalent in the summer and autumn in Ningbo city and females and children aged 7-17 were more susceptible. The epidemic of Mp infection in Ningbo occurred in the summer of 2019. After the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, the positive rate of Mp rapidly decreased and later remained in a low incidence state. After the lifting of restrictive prevention and control measures in 2023, the Mp positive rate returned to an epidemic state. The positive rate of Mp drug-resistant gene (23S rRNA) mutations was relatively high.

Clinical pharmacology is an important discipline that bridges clinical medicine and pharmacology. In the teaching practice, it is necessary to keep up with educational reform and adopt the seminar teaching method combined with case-based learning (CBL), so as to practically improve the benefits of both "teaching" and "learning". The teaching of ideology and politics in the curriculum is the key to cultivate students' high sense of responsibility and noble medical ethics, and realize the goal of moral education. At present, in the teaching of clinical pharmacology of antineoplastic drugs, there are problems such as students' weak basic knowledge of oncology pharmacology, separation of "teaching" and "learning" due to the traditional teaching method, outdated teaching materials, and low motivation of students. Therefore, this paper takes this part of the course teaching as an example to initially explore the role of the innovative model of "Seminar-CBL-Ideological and Political Education " in the teaching practice of clinical pharmacology, with the hope of stimulating the students' interest in learning, cultivating students' correct outlook on the world, life, and values, achieving the goals of "teaching" and "learning", and providing reference for optimizing clinical pharmacology education.