Objective To investigate the effects of transplantated tumor capillary permeability under microbubble enhanced diagnostic ultrasound exposure.Methods Fourty eight rats were randomly divided into four groups after Walker 256 carcinomas were subcutaneousely implanted,named the control group (A),microbubbles group (B),ultrasound group (C),microbubbles and ultrasound group (D).Using Evans blue(EB) as the indicator for tumor capillary permeability,the microbubbles were injected through the vein with diagnostic ultrasound frequency as 1.75 MHz,mechanical index as 1.4.The spillover of EB was estimated under confocal laser microscope,meanwhile the contents of EB in the tumor tissues were calculated according to the standard curve and spectrophotometry.Results EB spillover was observed around the capillaries in the group D,while EB spillover was only observable on capillary in group A,B and C.The EB content was also significantly higher than those in group A,B and C.Conclusions Exposure to both diagnostic ultrasound and microbubbles results in increased capillary permeability of rat tumor tissues,which might become a potential therapeutic method on clinical chemotherapy.

Owing to the DNA degradation induced by formalin and the obstruction of paraffin to DNA extraction, it is difficult to recover high-quality DNA from Formalin fixed and paraffin embedded tissue (FFPET). In recent years, a lot of researches indicate that the DNA extraction from FFPET can be developed by improving the pretreatment, optimizing the digestion condition of proteinase, simplizing the procedures of the DNA extraction, purifying the extracted DNA and so on, which may pave a way for popularizing FFPET in DNA analysis.
DNA/isolation & purification* ; Forensic Medicine/methods* ; Formaldehyde/chemistry* ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Paraffin Embedding/methods* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Specimen Handling/methods* ; Time Factors ; Tissue Fixation

Objective:To observe the effect of moxibustion on the mRNA and protein expressions of heat-shock protein 70 (HSP70) in gastric cancer-bearing rats. Methods: A total of 40 healthy Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were adaptively fed for one week. The gastric cancer model was prepared by Walker-256 cancer tissue transplantation. After 7 d, 10 rats were randomly selected to verify the successful modeling, and the remaining 30 rats were divided into a model group, a moxibustion group and an infrared group by the random number table method, with 10 rats in each group. After enrollment, the moxibustion group received suspended moxibustion at Zhongwan (CV 12), Guanyuan (CV 4) and bilateral Zusanli (ST 36), (the first group of acupoints) on the 1st day, and suspended moxibustion at bilateral Pishu (BL 20) and Weishu (BL 21), (the second group of acupoints) on the 2nd day, 20 min each time, once a day. Moxibustion was alternately performed every other day at the two groups of acupoints for 21 d. From the day of enrollment, rats in the infrared group were irradiated with the infrared radiation at the stomach area on the 1st day, and at the T12-T13 interspinous region on the 2nd day, 20 min each time, once a day, and the two locations were alternately irradiated every other day for 21 d. During the treatment, rats in the model group were intervened by grasping and fixation without treatment. At the end of the treatment, blood was collected from the inner eye orbit, and the HSP70 expression in peripheral blood was determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Rats were sacrificed, the tumor volume and growth inhibition rate were measured. The position and changes of HSP70 in gastric cancer were observed by streptavidin-perosidase (SP); HSP70 protein expression was determined by ELISA; HSP70 mRNA expression in cancer tissues was determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay. Results: In comparison of the model group, the volume growth of the gastric cancer in the moxibustion group was significantly restricted (P＜0.01); the volume growth inhibition rate in the moxibustion group was 37.93%; the HSP70 expression in peripheral blood and the cancer tissues was significantly increased (both P＜0.01); the expression of HSP70 mRNA and HSP70 content in gastric tumor were both obviously increased in the moxibustion group (P＜0.01); and a large amount of HSP70 was released to the outside of cancer cells in the moxibustion group. In comparison of the model group, the volume growth of the gastric cancer in the infrared group was slightly restricted (P＜0.05) with a volume growth inhibition rate of 15.89%; the HSP70 expression in the infrared group was increased significantly in peripheral blood (P＜0.01) and in the gastric cancer tissues (P＜0.05); more HSP70 was released outside of the cancer cells in the infrared group. In comparison of the infrared group, the volume growth of gastric cancer was more restricted in the moxibustion group (P＜0.05), and the HSP70 expression in the gastric cancer tissues was also higher (P＜0.05); more HSP70 was released outside of the cancer cells in the moxibustion group. Conclusion: Moxibustion and infrared treatment inhibit the gastric cancer growth in the gastric cancer-bearing rats, up-regulate the HSP70 expression in gastric cancer tissues, and promote the production and extracellular release of HSP70, and the effect of moxibustion is more obvious.

OBJECTIVETo explore the possibility of Schwann cells transplantation to promote the repair of injured brain stem reticular structure in rats.

METHODSSchwann cells originated from sciatic nerves of 1 to 2-day-old rats were expanded and labelled by BrdU in vitro, transplanted into rat brain stem reticular structure that was pre-injured by electric needle stimulus. Immunohistochemistry and myelin-staining were used to investigate the expression of BrdU, GAP-43 and new myelination respectively.

RESULTSBrdU positive cells could be identified for up to 8 months and their number increased by about 23%, which mainly migrated toward injured ipsilateral cortex. The GAP-43 expression reached its peak in 1 month after transplantation and was significantly higher than that in the control group. New myelination could be seen in destructed brain stem areas.

CONCLUSIONThe transplantation of Schwann cells can promote the restoration of injured brain stem reticular structure.

Animals ; Antimetabolites ; Brain Injuries ; therapy ; veterinary ; Brain Stem ; injuries ; Bromodeoxyuridine ; Cell Transplantation ; methods ; veterinary ; Electrophysiology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Schwann Cells ; transplantation

19 cinnamamide/ester-triazole compounds were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their anti-Alzheimer's disease (AD) activity. Among them, compound 4f displayed excellent anti-β-amyloid protein (Aβ)-mediated cytotoxicity (EC₅₀ = 2.03 ± 2.45 μmol·L^-1) in APPswe cells and acetylcholinesterase inhibiton (IC₅₀ = 4.88 ± 4.70 μmol·L^-1). Further study indicated that, at dosages of (1, 5 and 25 mg·kg^-1), compound 4f was effective in improving spatial learning and memory deficits in Aβ_1-42-impaired mice, which was achieved by promoting the nonamyloidogenic signaling and inhibiting the amyloidogenic pathway, along with the suppression of Aβ-induced Tau phosphorylation. All animal experiments in this study were approved by the Experimental Animal Care and Use Committee of the Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology (IMB-20220908D701). In conclusion, compound 4f holds promise as a lead candidate for AD treatment, and the present study lays the foundation for its subsequent development.

Objective To apply recombinant rubella virus envelope protein-1 (E1) to detect human rubella vires IgG antibody .Methods Rubella virus E1 protein was expressed in E. coli., purified E1 protein was used as the antigen for the detecting of anti rubella in human sera in the way of enzyme linked Immunosorbant assay (ELISA) .Results The antigeneity of the recombinant protein was checked by WHO rubella sera panel. We detected 200 sera samples, which came from Guangxi Guilin. 93% of these samples were positive.Conclusion The antigenicity of recombinant E1 is a satisfied candidate antigen for the detecting of human rubella virus antibody. The prevalence of anti rubella virus IgG in Guangxi is 93 %. It is at the some level compared with other provinces in China.

Objective:To evaluate the epidemiology of bacterial bloodstream infections in patients submitted to hematologic wards in southern China.Methods:A total of 50 teaching hospitals were involved based on the China Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System. The data of clinical isolates from blood samples were collected from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2019. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted by the Kirby-Bauer automated systems, and the results were interpreted using the CLSI criteria.Results:The data of 1,618 strains isolated from hematologic wards in 2019 were analyzed, of which gram-negative bacilli and gram-positive cocci accounted for 71.8% and 28.2%, respectively. Of those, the five major species were most often isolated, including Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, coagulase-negative staphylococcus, and Streptococcus viridans. The prevalence rates of methicillin-resistant strains in Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococcus were 19.7% and 80.6%, respectively. No gram-positive cocci were resistant to vancomycin, linezolid, and teicoplanin, and none of the enterococci were resistant to linezolid. The resistance rate of S. viridans to penicillin G was 6.9%, and those to ceftriaxone and cefotaxime were more than 25%. The resistance rate of E. coli and K. pneumoniae in Enterobacteriaceae was higher in children than that in adults. The resistance rate of K. pneumoniae to meropenem was 14.1%. The resistant rate of Enterobacter cloacae to carbapenem was more than 25%. P. aeruginosa was more sensitive to more antibiotics than 80%, but the resistance rate to meropenem in children was higher than that in adults (11.8% vs. 6.5%). The proportion of gram-positive cocci in the ICU and respiratory departments was higher than that in the hematology department. The detection rates of carbapenem-resistant E. coli and K. pneumoniae in the respiratory department were the lowest with 0.3% and 3.7%, respectively, while those of CRPA and CRAB in the hematology department were the lowest with 8.3% and 25.8%, respectively. The detection rate of all carbapenem-resistant organisms in the ICU was the highest among the three departments.Conclusion:The etiology and drug resistance of bacteria from blood samples in the hematology department are different from those in the ICU and respiratory departments. The proportions of K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, E. cloacae, and S. viridans dominating in the department of Hematology were significantly higher than those in the ICU and respiratory departments in Guangdong region.

Cancer is a major public health problem worldwide, causing an more serious burden of disease. Inflammation is considered a predisposing factor for cancer with close relationship with its incidence. In recent years, the public and epidemiologists has paid more attention to the association between nutrition and cancer and other chronic diseases in the perspective of inflammation. This paper summarizes the development and application of the diet-related inflammatory index in cancer epidemiological studies based on the literature retrieval of common diet-related inflammatory index. Firstly, we highlight the common diet-related inflammatory indices and their construction methods, such as the Dietary Inflammatory Index, a literature-derived diet-related inflammatory index, and the Empirical Dietary Inflammatory Index, an empirically derived diet-related inflammatory index, and so on. Secondly, the epidemiological research progress on the commonly used diet-related inflammatory indices is briefly introduced. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of the two types of this inflammatory indices are also briefly described for the purpose of providing reference for nutrition epidemiological studies of cancer and other chronic diseases in China.
Humans ; Diet ; Inflammation ; Neoplasms/epidemiology* ; Epidemiologic Studies ; Chronic Disease

Objective: This study aimed to assess the association of waist circumference (WC) with all-cause mortality among Chinese adults. Methods: The baseline data were from Shanxi Province of 2002 China Nutrition and Health Survey. The death investigation and follow-up visit were conducted from December 2015 to March 2016. The visits covered up to 5,360 of 7,007 participants, representing a response rate of 76.5%. The Cox regression model and floating absolute risk were used to estimate hazard ratio and 95% floating of death by gender and age groups (≥ 60 and < 60 years old). Sensitivity analysis was performed by excluding current smokers; participants with stroke, hypertension, and diabetes; participants who accidentally died; and participants who died during the first 2 years of follow-up. Results: This study followed 67,129 person-years for 12.5 years on average, including 615 deaths. The mortality density was 916 per 100,000 person-years. Low WC was associated with all-cause mortality among men. Multifactor-adjusted hazard ratios ( ) were 1.60 (1.35-1.90) for WC < 75.0 cm and 1.40 (1.11-1.76) for WC ranging from 75.0 cm to 79.9 cm. Low WC (< 70.0 cm and 70.0-74.9 cm) and high WC (≥ 95.0 cm) groups had a high risk of mortality among women. The adjusted s of death were 1.43 (1.11-1.83), 1.39 (1.05-1.84), and 1.91 (1.13-3.22). Conclusion WC was an important predictor of death independent of body mass index (BMI). WC should be used as a simple rapid screening and predictive indicator of the risk of death.
Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; China ; epidemiology ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mortality ; Obesity, Abdominal ; complications ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Risk Factors ; Sex Factors ; Waist Circumference ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: Obesity is recognized as a significant risk factor for diabetes and hypertension. The present study aimed to examine the associations between adults'obesity risk and childhood and parental obesity. METHODS: A total of 204 children aged 6-17 years were recruited in 2002 with an average follow-up period of 13.2 years. Height and body weight were measured by trained staffs. Overweight and obesity were defined based on the Chinese standard for children and adults. T-test, analysis of variance, and Chi-square analysis were used for single factor analysis. Multiple linear and logistic regression analyses were used to perform multifactor analysis. RESULTS: The percentage of non-obese children who grew up to be non-obese adults was 62.6%, and that of obese children who grew up to be obese adults was 80.0%. There was a significant association between childhood body mass index (BMI) and adulthood BMI with a β regression coefficient of 3.76 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.36-6.16], and between childhood obesity and adulthood obesity with an odds ratio of 5.76 (95% CI: 1.37-24.34). There was no statistical difference between parental obesity at baseline and children's adulthood obesity, after adjustment of confounders. Male participants and those aged 10.0-13.0 years had a higher risk of adulthood obesity with odds ratios of 2.50 (95% CI: 1.12-5.26) and 3.62 (95% CI: 1.17-11.24), respectively. CONCLUSION Childhood obesity is an important predictor of adulthood obesity.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Body Mass Index ; Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Obesity ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Odds Ratio ; Parents ; Pediatric Obesity ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Prevalence ; Prospective Studies ; Young Adult