The CaV 2.3 encoded Ca2+ channel is one of the least well-known voltage-gated calcium channels in terms of physiology, pharmacology and clinical relevance. Epilepsy is a family of neurological disorders that are common and harmful to human health. More and more studies such as gene knock-out experiment have demonstrated that the channel is related to epileptic seizure, including participating to plateau potential generation, regulating intracellular Ca2+ concentration, CaV 2.3 splice variant, interacting with some muteins. In addition, some antiepileptic drugs inhibit the epileptiform discharges by targeting CaV 2.3 voltage-gated calcium channel.

Recent studies show that epileptic seizures result in mass free radical production and induce oxidative damage because of relative deficiency in anti-oxygen system.Mitochondrium is crucial to sustaining energy metabolism,regulating cell death,synthesising neurotransmitter and oxidating fatty acid.Mitochondrium is not only the place for free radical production,but also the target of oxidative damage.Mitochondrial oxidative stress and resultant dysfunction enhance epileptic susceptibility.Seizure-induced free radical can influence energy metabolism,destroy DNA construction and induce apoptosis in neurontoxic consequences in epilepsy.

The effects of glutamate transporters on synaptic plasticity in rat models of pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus were investigated. Male Wista rats ((304.06?13.79) g) were randomly divided into 5 groups, short-term seizures (SE) and its control (SC), long-term seizures (LE) and its control(LC), normal control (Sham) groups. Epilepsy rat models were induced by injection of pilocarpine(25 mg/kg, i.d.). Glutamate transporter inhibitor, DL-threo-benzyloxyaspartate (TBOA, 7.5 nmol,1 ?l) was microinjected into right side of hippocampus after 14 days of initial status epilepticus in SE and LE groups. The same volumes of artificial cerebrospinal fluid were injected into same side of hippocampus in SC and LC groups. Electroencephalographys (EEG) were detected in SE and SC groups after 2 h of drug injection. Long term potential (LTP) at perforant pathway and dentate gyrus(PP-DG) and EEG were recorded in LE and LC groups after two weeks of drug injection. Example of Fluoro-Jade-B staining in the rat brain was made at the end of electrophysiological experiment. The results showed that there was a significant decrease in theta band power of EEG in SE group compared with that of SC group (P 0.05). The slope of excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) was significantly increased in LE group compared with that of LC group (P

The Longhua Zhang's internal medicine,the famous clinical inheritance of Chinese medical schools in Shanghai,was well-known by their expert skills and high medical ethics during 370 years.This paper introduces the family origin and its academic characteristic.By studying the Shanghai local chronicles and the Longhua Zhang's genealogy,we learn how they innovating and improving the school.

BACKGROUND: It has been widely reported that the most types of cancer are probably originated from cancer stem cells (CSCs) which are subpopulations of tumor cells. Recent studies also suggested that lung cancer could arise from CSCs. However, the phenotypic characteristics of CSCs in lung cancer have not been precisely described.OBJECTIVE: To systematically analyze the expression of the most common CSC markers in cell line A549.METHODS: A549 cells were cultured for 1 week under the condition of conventional high glucose. After that, flow cytometry was used to assess the expression of putative stem cell markers, including CD133, CD24, CD44 and ABCG2.Cells were then sorted according to the expression of CD44 and CD24 markers by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and characterized using their sphere-forming capacity in serum free medium supplemented with several growth factors.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A549 cells expressed the CSC markers CD44 and CD24 at 64.23％ and 58.62％,whereas the expression of both ABCG2 and CD133 was around 0.9％. Double-positive CD44/133 populations were rare.CD44+/CD24+ and CD44+/CD24- subpopulations respectively exhibited 54.64％ and 23.38％ expression. CD44+/CD24+ and CD44+/CD24- subsets were sorted by FACS. Both isolated subpopulations formed spheres in the serum free medium supplemented with basic fibroblast growth factor and epidermal growth factor. However, there was no significant difference in the sphere formation efficiency among CD44+/CD24+ and CD44+/CD24- subsets as well as A549 cells. Our findings suggest that CD44 and CD24 cannot be considered as potential markers for isolating lung CSCs in cell line A549, and further investigation using in vivo assays is required.

Objective To observe the C-V curve of source point of 12 channels in patients with lumbar disc herniation. Methods 40 patients with lumbar disc herniation were examined with Cowital Human Meridian Diagnosing and Analyzing System, which can achieve quantitative analysis on C-V curve from the source points of 12 channels. The curves obtained before and after treatment were comparisd. Results The abnormal rates of source point on kidney and bladder meridians were more than those on the other meridians. The improving rates of source point on kidney and bladder meridians were better than those of the other meridians after treatment. Conclusion C-V curve observation can be used to diagnose, deduct and evaluate treatment for the lumbar disc herniation.

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect and mechanisms of ceftriaxone combined with ranitidine on the acute pancreatitis.Methods:92 cases of patients with acute pancreatitis were selected and randomly divided into the control group (n=46) and experimental group (n=46),the control group was treated with ceftriaxone,and the experimental group was treated with ranitidine based on the control group,the serum levels of intedeukin-6 (IL-6),c-reactive protein(CRP),platelet activating factor (PAF),superoxide dismutase (SOD),propylene glycol (MDA),gastric secrete element,stomach,heart rate (HR),mean arterial pressure (MAP),and the relief time of clinical manifestation and the clinical efficacy were observed and compared between the two groups.Results:After treatment,the serum levels ofIL-6,CRP,PAF,MDA,gastric secrete element and HR of experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P＜0.05).The serum levels of SOD,stomach motion element and MAP of experimental group were higher than those of the control group (P＜0.05).The relief time of clinical manifestation and total efficiency of experimental group were better than those of the control group (P＜0.05).Conclusions:Ceftriaxone combined with ranitidine could effectively enhance the clinical efficacy of acute pancreatitis,which might be related to the anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation.

Objective To Study the effect of Gross Saponins of Tribulus Terrestris on active potential and potassium current of ischemic cardiocytes in guinea pigs,and approach its initial anti-arrhythmia effect and mechanism.Methods The cardiocytes of adult guinea pigs were isolated and hypoxia models were set up,the effects of injected GSTT on the cellular membrane active potential and electricity flow of potassium channel were recorded with whole cell patchclamp system.Results Compared with model group,the active plateau period(50% and 90%) of myocytes in GSTT 30 mg?L-1 group prolonged(P

Aged ; Biopsy ; Bone Marrow Examination ; Female ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

Lithium carbonate could be used to treat or prevent brain damage following traumatic injury and neurodegenerative diseases.It has been shown that its protective effect is related to protein kinase C (PKC) and extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK).It was demonstrated that PDBu,a PKC activator,inhibited amplitudes of delayed rectifier potassium current (It,) and produced a hyperpolarizing shift in the activation-voltage curve.The responses to PDBu were inhibited by lithium carbonate (50μmol/L).Further studies showed that when pretreated with MEK/ERK inhibitor U0126 (20 μmol/L),although PDBu significantly reduced IK,lithium did not reverse the effect of PDBu.Thus,the results suggested that PKC signaling cascades,along with MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) pathway,were required in the phosphorylation of potassium channel,which was presented by regulation of potassium channel characteristic.AC-cAMP and their eross-talk with GC-cGMP pathway could also modulate the effect of lithium on PKC activation,which could be one of underlying mechanisms likely related to neuroprotective effect of lithium.