1.The SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling factors BAF60a, b, and c in nutrient signaling and metabolic control.
Ruo-Ran WANG ; Ran PAN ; Wenjing ZHANG ; Junfen FU ; Jiandie D LIN ; Zhuo-Xian MENG
Protein & Cell 2018;9(2):207-215
Metabolic syndrome has become a global epidemic that adversely affects human health. Both genetic and environmental factors contribute to the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders; however, the mechanisms that integrate these cues to regulate metabolic physiology and the development of metabolic disorders remain incompletely defined. Emerging evidence suggests that SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complexes are critical for directing metabolic reprogramming and adaptation in response to nutritional and other physiological signals. The ATP-dependent SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complexes comprise up to 11 subunits, among which the BAF60 subunit serves as a key link between the core complexes and specific transcriptional factors. The BAF60 subunit has three members, BAF60a, b, and c. The distinct tissue distribution patterns and regulatory mechanisms of BAF60 proteins confer each isoform with specialized functions in different metabolic cell types. In this review, we summarize the emerging roles and mechanisms of BAF60 proteins in the regulation of nutrient sensing and energy metabolism under physiological and disease conditions.
Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly
;
DNA-Binding Proteins
;
metabolism
;
Disease
;
Humans
;
Metabolism
;
Nutrients
;
metabolism
;
Signal Transduction
2.Clinical Practice Guidelines of Rehabilitation: Composition of Expert Group and Situation of Conflict of Interest
Ling WANG ; Shu-ya LU ; Xu-fei LUO ; Xuan YU ; Meng LÜ ; ; Xian-zhuo ZHANG ; Xiu-e SHI ; Yao-long CHEN ; Ke-hu YANG
Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice 2020;26(2):150-155
Objective To evaluate and analyze the panel composition and conflict of interest management of clinical practice guidelines of rehabilitation.Methods Clinical practice guidelines of rehabilitation were systematically retrieved from PubMed, EMBASE, China Biology Medicine disc, CNKI, Wanfang Data and Medlive database, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, National Guideline Clearinghouse, The Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network, World Health Organization (WHO) and Guidelines International Network until January 11, 2020. Two researchers independently screened and cross-checked the literatures, and extracted the basic information of included guidelines, including the title, formulating institution, published journol, as well as the expert group, the number of expert group, the specific division of labor and their discipline, affiliation and the geographic location, the statement and management of conflict of interest, types of conflicts of interest, and whether to accept fund and the source of the fund.Results A total of 84 guidelines were finally included, 17 domestic ones and 67 foreign ones, in which, 52 (61.9%) reported the expert panel; 22 (26.2%) reported the number of expert panel groups, 21 (25.0%) indicated the specific division of work among the members of the expert panel, 74 (88.1%) reported the names of the members of the expert panel, 47 (56.0%) reported the subjects and specialties of the panelists, 70 (83.3%) reported the affiliation and location of panelists, 14 (16.7%) mentioned the management of conflicts of interest, and 25 (29.8%) reported if there were conflicts of interest. Only five of the 16 funded guidelines stated that there was no conflict of interest between the funding and the development of the guidelines. Among them, the reporting rate of expert panel was significantly higher in foreign countries than in China (χ2 = 9.542, P < 0.01), the reporting rate of name of expert panel members and specific division of labor were higher in foreign countries than in China ( χ2 > 4.155, P < 0.05), and the reporting rate of conflict of interest management was also higher in foreign countries than in China ( P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in whether there was a conflict of interest, whether it was funded and the type of funding at home and abroad ( P > 0.05). Conclusion In gerenal, clinical practice guidelines of rehabilitation published at home and abroad are necessary to be improved in the reporting quality of expert group formulation and division of labor, conflict of interest reporting and management. It is proposed that future guideline developers should follow the WHO Handbook for Guideline Development, assign roles of experts, strengthen the management and reporting of conflicts of interest, and standarderize the development process and reporting of the guidelines.
3.Recommendations of Clinical Practice Guidelines of Stroke Rehabilitation
Xian-zhuo ZHANG ; Meng LÜ ; ; Xu-fei LUO ; Xuan YU ; Shu-ya LU ; Ling WANG ; Xiu-e SHI ; Yao-long CHEN ; Ke-hu YANG
Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice 2020;26(2):170-180
Objective To analyze the contents of the recommendations of stroke clinical rehabilitation guidelines in order to provide advice for the development and implementation of stroke rehabilitation guidelines.Methods PubMed, EMBASE, CNKI, China Biology Medicine disc, Wanfang databases and guideline-related websites were retrieved from the date of establishment to January 2020, to collect stroke clinical rehabilitation guidelines. The main content, recommendations based on evidence, the type of evidences, and the scope of evidence classification had been explored based on World Health Organization Handbook for Guideline Development-2nd Edition.Results A total of twelve guidelines were included in this study, one in Chinese and eleven in English. They were from the United States (3 guidelines), United Kingdom (3 guidelines), Canada (3 guidelines), Australia (2 guidelines) and China (1 guidelines), and published from September, 2005 to February, 2019. Three articles (25.0%) used the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE) for quality evaluation, and two articles (16.7%) used Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) as the grading system. The recommendations covered the areas such as: cognitive dysfunction (4 dimensions) with a recommendation of cognitive function assessment at most (7 guidelines, 66.7%), language and swallowing dysfunction (5 dimensions) with a recommendation of swallowing-related complications at most (10 guidelines, 83.3%), motor dysfunction (6 dimensions) with a recommendation of spasm treatment at most (10 guidelines, 83.3%), and psychological and behavioral dysfunction (4 dimensions) with a recommendation for assessment or monitoring at most (6 guidelines, 50.0%). There were many recommendations in these areas, but the types of evidence were different, and observational studies and/or randomized controlled trials accounted for most.Conclusion There are different types of evidence and levels of recommendation strength. It is proposed for future guideline developers in stroke rehabilitation to follow World Health Organization Handbook for Guideline Development-2nd Edition to improve the quality and the overall implementation of the rehabilitation guidelines, and to improve the quality and safety of rehabilitation.
4.Adequate Animal Models of Hyperuricemia for Traditional Chinese Medicine Screening
Jing MENG ; Jing-zhuo TIAN ; Lian-mei WANG ; Yong ZHAO ; Chun-ying LI ; Yan YI ; Yu-shi ZHANG ; Jia-yin HAN ; Chen PAN ; Su-yan LIU ; Zhong XIAN ; Dun-fang WANG ; Sha-sha QIN ; Fang WANG ; Ai-hua LIANG
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2021;27(17):46-56
Objective:To compare the characteristics of four commonly adopted animal models of hyperuricemia (HUA) for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) screening, so as to choose the adequate model for screening Chinese herbs and herbal compounds capable of lowering the uric acid. Method:Fifty-four male SD rats were randomly divided into nine groups, namely the normal group, hypoxanthine (HX) + oxonic acid potassium salt (OAPS) model group, yeast extract (YE) + OAPS model group, low-dose adenine (AD) + ethambutol (EMB) model group, high-dose AD + EMB model group, and four positive drug allopurinol (Allo) groups. The modeling lasted for 14 d. The levels of serum uric acid (SUA), urinary uric acid (UUA), serum creatinine (SCr), urea nitrogen (BUN), kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1), and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) were detected on the 3rd, 7th, and 14th days. Urine was collected on the 7th and 14th days to investigate changes in urine volume, and the crystals in the residual urine were observed under a polarizing microscope. After the modeling, the kidney was harvested and weighed, followed by pathological examination. Result:The urine volumes in the HX + OAPS model group and high-dose AD + EMB model group were significantly reduced (
5.Necessity of slit-lamp training during ophthalmology clerkships from the perspective of medical students
Xuan-Wei LIANG ; Yu-Xian ZOU ; Shu LIU ; Zi-Wei MENG ; Xin-Yue YU ; Ye-Hong ZHUO ; Rong-Xin CHEN
International Eye Science 2023;23(1):4-9
AIM: To evaluate the necessity of slit-lamp biomicroscopy(referred to here as “slit-lamp”)training from the student's perspective and reach a consensus on slit-lamp training in medical students during ophthalmology clerkship.METHODS: A controlled before-after clerkship study was performed on 117 students of the class of 2017 enrolled in clinical medicine at Sun Yat-sen University. All medical students underwent slit-lamp training during ophthalmology clerkship. We evaluated the students' cognition, perceived need and recommendations for slit-lamp teaching, using a self-completed questionnaire survey and compared the students' scores in these aspects before and after their ophthalmology clerkships. Additionally, the efficiency of slit-lamp training was evaluated by subjective student assessment after the ophthalmology clerkship. Each item was scored on a five-point Likert Scale. Statistical analysis was performed by IBM SPSS(Version 20.0; SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).RESULTS: A total of 116(99.1%)medical students completed the survey. The average score before clerkship was 19.99±3.03, which indicated a high level of cognition regarding slit-lamp utility; However, this score significantly increased to 22.97±2.37 after clerkship(P<0.001). The average score regarding perceived need was also higher for post-clerkship students than for pre-clerkship students(24.62±3.15 vs. 23.60±2.36, P=0.009). Moreover, 86.2% of post-clerkship students reported that hands-on slit-lamp practice could help promote clerkship quality. More than three-quarters of the surveyed students tended to agree that slit-lamp practice time should be increased(76.7% and 77.6% before and after clerkship, respectively).CONCLUSION: A hands-on approach to slit-lamp training is more favored by medical students in ophthalmology clerkships, and this training should be recommended in ophthalmology clerkships given its potential usefulness for improving clerkship quality.
6.Effect of laparoscopic surgery for pancreatic cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Qi Feng ZHUO ; Meng Qi LIU ; Zheng LI ; Wen Sheng LIU ; Yi Hua SHI ; Wen Yan XU ; Shun Rong JI ; Xiao Wu XU ; Xian Jun YU
Chinese Journal of Surgery 2022;60(2):134-139
Objective: To evaluate the safety and feasibility of laparoscopic surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for pancreatic cancer. Methods: Clinical data of 8 patients underwent laparoscopic surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for pancreatic cancer at Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center from September 2019 to June 2020 were reviewed retrospectively. There were 5 males and 3 females,aged from 47 to 72 years old. All patients underwent abdominal enhanced CT and PET-CT before operation to accurately evaluate the tumor stage and exclude distant metastasis. Results: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with AG regimen(gemcitabine 1 000 mg/m2 and albumin bound paclitaxel 125 mg/m2) was received for 2 to 6 cycles before surgery. All 8 patients successfully completed the operation,including 5 cases of pancreaticoduodenectomy,2 cases of radical antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy(RAMPS),and 1 case of total pancreatectomy. No conversion to laparotomy or laparoscopic assisted surgery. The operation time was 240 to 450 minutes,the blood loss was 100 to 500 ml,the postoperative length of stay was 10 to 16 days. During the follow-up period up to December 31, 2020, there was 1 case suffered grade B pancreatic leakage and abdominal infection. The numbers of resected lymph nodes were 9 to 31. All patients received R0 resection. The follow-up times were 4.5 to 9.5 months. One patient underwent RAMPS was diagnosed as liver metastasis after 2 months of the operation,and the other 7 patients still survived without tumor recurrence. Conclusion: Minimally invasive surgery of pancreatic cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy is safe and feasible in experienced pancreatic minimally invasive centers.
Aged
;
China
;
Female
;
Humans
;
Laparoscopy
;
Male
;
Middle Aged
;
Neoadjuvant Therapy
;
Neoplasm Recurrence, Local
;
Pancreatectomy
;
Pancreatic Neoplasms/surgery*
;
Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography
;
Retrospective Studies
7.Quality Control of Dynamic Volatile Components in Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Lonicerae Flos
Hai-ying LI ; Qi-meng FAN ; Yu-ting HE ; Peng HE ; Min-cun WANG ; Run-nan LIU ; Zhuo ZHOU ; Xue-bing QIAN ; Xian-ping ZENG ; Mei-feng XIAO ; Fu-yuan HE
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2020;26(22):148-155
Objective:The molecular connectivity index method and total statistical moment method were used to control the quality of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and the stability and consistency of volatile components of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Lonicerae Flos were clarified. Method:Volatile oils in Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Lonicerae Flos from different producing areas was extracted for GC-MS determination with electron bombardment ion source, ion source temperature of 230 ℃, and detection range of