Objective To understand well this disease,8 children with familial periodic paralysis(FPP) were reported and the(rela)-ted literatures were reviewed.Methods The hereditary characters,clinical manifestations,auxiliary examination and managements were summarized retrospectively in 8 cases of FPP patients hospitalized from January 1996 to December 2005,and etiopathogenis and diagnosis were also analyzed.Results Six cases of FPP were diagnosed as hypokalemic periodic paralysis,and all occured as an autosomal dominant condition.During paralytic episodes,the patients showed obviously low serum potassium levels [1.9-2.8 mmol/L,(2.4?0.38) mmol/L)] and hypokalemic electrocardiogram findings,such as U-wave.The level of blood glucose was lower than normal range.Other 2 cases with normal serum potassium ion level at attack were diagnosed as normokalemic periodic paralysis with autosomal dominant pattern.One of the two cases,the level of blood glucose was lower.Thyroid functions,renal functions and electromyograms were all normal in 8 cases.Conclusions FPP is a group of relatively uncommon inherited disorders known as the skeletal muscle channelophathies.It can be diagnosed by hereditary characters,clinical manifestataions,auxiliary examinations.

Background: Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) play an important role in cancer development and progression. However, the mechanism by which they enhance the chemoresistance of ovarian cancer is unknown. Methods: Conditioned media of BM-MSCs (BM-MSC-CM) were analyzed using a technique based on microRNA arrays. The most highly expressed microRNAs were selected for testing their effects on glycolysis and chemoresistance in SKOV3 and COC1 ovarian cancer cells. The targeted gene and related signaling pathway were investigated using in silico analysis and in vitro cancer cell models. Kaplan-Merier survival analysis was performed on a population of 59 patients enrolled to analyze the clinical significance of microRNA findings in the prognosis of ovarian cancer. Results: MiR-1180 was the most abundant microRNA detected in BM-MSC-CM, which simultaneously induces glycolysis and chemoresistance (against cisplatin) in ovarian cancer cells. The secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (SFRP1) gene was identified as a major target of miR-1180. The overexpression of miR-1180 led to the activation of Wnt signaling and its downstream components, namely Wnt5a, β-catenin, c-Myc, and CyclinD1, which are responsible for glycolysis-induced chemoresistance. The miR-1180 level was inversely correlated with SFRP1 mRNA expression in ovarian cancer tissue. The overexpressed miR-1180 was associated with a poor prognosis for the long-term (96-month) survival of ovarian cancer patients. Conclusions: BM-MSCs enhance the chemoresistance of ovarian cancer by releasing miR-1180. The released miR-1180 activates the Wnt signaling pathway in cancer cells by targeting SFRP1. The enhanced Wnt signaling upregulates the glycolytic level (i.e. Warburg effect), which reinforces the chemoresistance property of ovarian cancer cells.

In the first part of the paper, the main achievements and experience of disease control and prevention in China during last 50 years are described. Infectious diseases and parasitosis have been successfully controlled and prevented and people's health enhanced owing to the establishment of an effective system of public health, the launch of a campaign called "Patriotic Public Health", immunization planning, and the improvement of economic and environmental conditions. In the second part, the challenges to public health in China are presented. The threat from old and emerging infectious diseases, especially sexually transmitted diseases, a sustained increase in the prevalence of chronic non-infectious diseases (cardiovascular diseases tumors and diseases of the respiratory system), environmental problems and the health problems of aging are discussed. Finally, strategies for disease control and prevention in the new century is suggested.

Objective To assess the validity and reliability of Family Environment Scale on Motor Development for Urban Pre-school Chiidren(FESMDUPC) so as to provide valid and reliable tools for measuring the influencing factors from home environment on motor development of the children.Methods One thousand eight hundreds and twenty fore preschool children from 15 kindergartens in Suzhou city were included in this study which related to reliability and validity of FESMDUPC.Data on test-retest reliability,internal consistent reliability,content validity and construct validity were assessed using the Intra-class Correlation Coefficient (ICC),Cronbach α coefficient,Item-level content validity index (I-CVI) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA).When the Observation for Measurement of the Environment Revisited was used as criteria,the criteria-related validity of MABC was assessed,using the Spearman correlation analysis.Results This study showed that the ICC of all items was above or close to 0.9.The total Cronbach α eoeffcient was 0.875 and the Cronbach α coefficient was 0.868-0.873 when each item was deleted.Formal validity and reliability study showed that I-CVI of the 23 items was 0.79-1.00.The average I-CVI was 0.92.Results from the CFA model showed that x2=1077.5,df=224 and x2/df-=4.810.Fit of Goodness on the other indices of the model were as follows:GFI (0.949),AGF (0.937),NFI (0.889),CFI (0.896),with each of them above or close to 0.9.The RMSEA was 0.046 which showed that the model's Fit of Goodness could be accepted.The factor loadings were all above 0.3 with statistical significance.However,according to this model,the strengths of relationship between Outside Space,Inside Space and Toy were high,so the high-step CFA of FESMDUPC was further analyzed.The model' s Fit of Goodness was good.The factor loadings were all above 0.3 with statistical significance.Results showed that the Spearman Coefficient of the total score of FESMDUPC and HOME scale was 0.476 (each P＜0.001 ).Among them only the learning staff and movement variety were comparatively and highly correlated with Toy,Parental Rearing Patterns.Spearman coefficients were all above 0.3 (each P＜0.001 ).Conclusion The above results showed that the reliability of test-retest,the internal consistent reliability,the content validity and the construct validity of FESMDUPC were fair and had met the basic psychometric demands.FESMDUPC could be used as a quantitative tool to assess the motor development among children.

OBJECTIVETo assess the efficacy and safety of Saw Palmetto Extract Capsules in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

METHODSWe conducted a multi-centered open clinical study on 165 BPH patients treated with Saw Palmetto Extract Capsules at a dose of 160 mg qd for 12 weeks. At the baseline and after 6 and 12 weeks of medication, we compared the International Prostate Symptom Scores (IPSS), prostate volume, postvoid residual urine volume, urinary flow rate, quality of life scores (QOL), and adverse events between the two groups of patients.

RESULTSCompared with the baseline, both IPSS and QOL were improved after 6 weeks of medication, and at 12 weeks, significant improvement was found in IPSS, QOL, urinary flow rate, and postvoid residual urine. Mild stomachache occurred in 1 case, which necessitated no treatment.

CONCLUSIONSaw Palmetto Extract Capsules were safe and effective for the treatment of BPH.

Capsules ; Humans ; Male ; Plant Extracts ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; drug therapy ; Quality of Life

"Tendon Constraining Bone"is an essential theory in osteology and traumatology of traditional Chinese medicine,originating from the statement in Suwen(Plain Questions)that"convergent tendon controlling bones and joints".Since the Yuan and Ming dynasties,the theory of"Tendon Constraining Bone"was formed based on the understanding of anatomical relationships and the need for pathogenesis interpretation,developed by medical practitioners such as ZHU Danxi and ZHANG Jie.The"Tendon Constraining Bone"theory summarizes the physiological connections between tendons and bones and between tendons and zang-fu organs and meridians.Tendons and bones are structurally connected and functionally related,reflected in sturdy bones and tough tendons,upright bones and soft tendons with smoothly-flowing qi and blood,all tendons being related to joints,and thews being related to bones.Tendons and bones are related by meridians and zang-fu organs,specifically reflected in the Yangming channel governing the nourishment of tendons,liver governing tendons,kidneys governing bones,Taiyang channel governing tendons,and Shaoyang channel governing bones.The abnormality of"Tendon Constraining Bone"is the general pathogenesis of various tendon and bone diseases,and it can be caused by changes in the tendon and bone structure,nourishment deficiency,or the pathogenic qi retention.The pathological manifestations of abnormal"Tendon Constraining Bone"are manifested in form and state.Abnormalities in form can manifest as tendon rupture,bone fractures,tendon dislocation,and bone dislocation,whereas abnormalities in state can manifest as tendon urgency,bone pain,tendon laxity,and bone softness.The"Tendon Constraining Bone"theory has influenced the development of treatment principles such as combining motion and quiescence,paying equal attention to bone and flesh,and combining internal and external treatment.This theory has guided the application of basic treatment method such as connecting and rectifying tendons and bones,smoothing tendons and relieving bones,and nourishing tendons and strengthening bones.Therefore,the"Tendon Constraining Bone"theory can significantly guide tendon and bone disease diagnosis and treatment.

Objective To assess the application of the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 (MABC-2),to provide valid tools for developmental coordination disorder (DCD)screening.Methods A total number of 1823 preschool children from 15 kindergartens in Suzhou city were included in this study regarding the reliability and validity on MABC-2.Data on test-retest reliability internal consistent reliability,content validity and construct validity were assessed,using methodologies as Intra-class Correlation Coefficient(ICC),Cronbach α coefficient,Item-level Content Validity Index (I-CVI) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA).When the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (DCDQ) was considered as the criteria,the criteria-related validity of MABC was assessed,using the area under the ROC curve.Results Results from the study showed that the ICCs of most items were above 0.9 except for 'Drawing and Walking Heels Raised' and ‘Jumping on Mats'.The total Cronbach α coefficient was 0.502,with the total Cronbach α coefficient as 0.549 when the two items of ‘Drawing and Walking Heels Raised' were deleted.I-CVIs of the eight items were 1.0,1.0,0.96,1.0,1.0,1.0,0.96,0.96,respectively.The average I-CVI was 0.985.Results from the final CFA model showed that the factor loading of the items was above 0.4 except for the ‘Jumping on Mats',while the ‘Modification Index' was below 3.84.The areas under ROC curve of the total score on revised-MABC-2 (when the items of ‘Drawing and Walking Heels Raised' was deleted) were significantly different from the DCDQ (x2=110.145,P＜0.001).Conclusion In addition to the internal consistent reliability,the validity and reliability of MABC-2 were fair which could be applied well in China.However,some items of MABC-2 should be revised.MABC-2 could be used to screen the children with motor coordination dysfunction at the health care clinics for children,as well as applied in the large-scale epidemiologic studies.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the therapeutic effect and mechanism of tendon-management and patella-movement therapeutic manipulation in the treatment of patellofemoral arthritis based on imaging evaluation. MethodsTotally 126 patients with patellofemoral arthritis were recruited and divided into a treatment group and a control group according to a randomised numerical table. The control group received routine sodium hyaluronate injection once a week for a total of 5 times； the treatment group received tendon-management and patella-movement therapeutic manipulation three times a week for four weeks. We compared the Western Ontario and McMaster University osteoarthritis index score （WOMAC）， visual analogue scale （VAS）， imaging indicators including patellar external displacement distance， patellofemoral fit angle， lateral patellofemoral angle， and patellofemoral index， and overall effectiveness evaluation between the two groups before and one week after treatment. ResultsThe total effective rate of the treatment group （45/54， 83.33%） was significantly higher than that of the control group （36/54， 66.67%，P＜0.05）. One week after the end of treatment， the VAS scores and WOMAC scores of both groups were lower than those before treatment in the same group （P＜0.01）， and the patellofemoral index and patellofemoral fit angle of the treatment group decreased compared with that of the control group （P＜0.05）. Compared with the pre-treatment， the distance of patellar external displacement， patellofemoral index， and patellofemoral fit angle decreased in the treatment group 1 week after the end of treatment， and the patellofemoral fit angle decreased in the control group （P＜0.05）. ConclusionThe therapeutic manipulation of tendon-management and patella-movement can correct the degree of patellar external displacement， alleviate joint pain symptoms， improve joint function， and achieve the goal of treating patellofemoral arthritis.

Objective::To explore the effect of strong light stress on the growth, physiological and biochemical and key enzyme gene expression of the Atractylodes lancea, in order to provide the scientific basis for the standardized cultivation of the A. lancea. Method::The two-year-old A. lancea seedlings were taken as experimental materials. Poplar forest (light transmittance between 18.26%-36.04%) was taken as control group(ck). Different density shading networks were used to simulate different degrees of high light stress (51.10%, 80.73%, 100%) in late July. The growth state of A. lancea was observed. On the 0^th, 5^th, 10^th, 15^th, 20^th days, the physiological and biochemical indexes of malondialdehyde (MDA) content, cell membrane permeability, proline (Pro) content, antioxidant enzyme activity and chlorophyll content in the leaves of A. lancea were measured. The relative expression levels of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutarate monoacyl coenzyme A reductase (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A, HMGR) and farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase gene (farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase, FPPS) in leaves of A. lancea under intense light stress were determined by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(Real-time PCR). Result::After strong light stress, the color of the leaves of A. lancea changed from dark green to light green and yellowish green, and the burn of leaves became more and more serious. The contents of MDA, conductivity and Pro showed an upward trend with the increase of transmittance. Peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) tended to increase first and then decrease. The chlorophyll content decreased with the increase of light transmittance. The relative expression of HMGR in leaves of A. lancea decreased with the increase of light transmittance, while FPPS increased first and then decreased. Conclusion::The results showed that A. lanceaa could alleviate the inhibition of strong light stress by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes and regulating the content of osmotic pressure under certain strong light stress. Excessively strong intensity light stress leads to disequilibrium of metabolic mechanism of A. lancea, and seriously inhibits the plant growth.