BACKGROUND:The immunomodulatory ability of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)gives it a promising future in treating graft-versus-host disease(GVHD),especially with previous success in treating patients with acute GVHD.However,there are fewer reports concerning BMSCs in treating chronic GVHD,particularly for sclerodermatous chronic graft-versus-host disease(ScGVHD).OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of treatment of BMSCs for ScGVHD,and to primarily explore the immunological mechanism of clinical efficacy.METHODS:Four ScGVHD patients at the Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medicine Science,between September 2006 and August 2008,were enrolled for this trial.The median patient age was 41 years,1 female and 3 male.The patients received BMSCs infusion at a dose of(1.0～2.0)×10~7 cells every time by intrabone marrow injection from the anterosuperior iliac spine and BMSCs from the same donor for the same patient were infused more than once.Concomitant medications for ScGVHD were individualized for each patient,but all were current standard medicines and the doses were significantly tapered.RESULTS AND CONCLUTION:After BMSCs infusion,the ratio of Th1 to Th2 was dramatically overturned,with an increase of Th1 and a decrease of Th2 reaching at a new balance.Correspondingly,symptoms of all the four patients gradually improved.During the course of BMSCs treatment,the life signs and laboratory results from the recipients remained normal.By the time of this report,there has been no recurrence of leukemia in the four patients.Although this study alone cannot guarantee the application of BMSCs in ScGVHD,the results are strongly in favor of the idea that the BMSCs treatment for ScGVHD patients is therapeutically practical without any detectable side effects,which may provide a new insight into the matter of treating ScGVHD clinically,thus will greatly increase the survival rate of leukemia after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the characteristics of and relationship between occlusal plane and masticatory path in young adults with individual normal occlusion, and to provide clinical implications on both morphological and functional reference of occlusal plane location.

METHODSForty-three young adults with individual normal occlusion were included. Lateral projections of cephalometric radiographs were taken. The parameters of anatomical landmarks were analyzed. The BioEGN mandibular kinesiography analyzer was used to record the path of incisal edge of mandibular central incisor movement during mastication. The Pearson's linear correlation analysis was performed to analyze the relationship of inclination of occlusal plane and data mentioned above with SPSS13.0 software.

RESULTSThe inclination of occlusal plane (the angle between occlusal plane and Camper's line OP-CP) was (2.1 ± 3.8)° in youth with normal occlusion. Means of maximal distances of 3-dimensional masticatory mandibular movement paths were as follow: the vertical length was (20.22 ± 4.28) mm, the anterior-posterior width was (11.42 ± 2.45) mm, and the lateral width was (8.62 ± 1.52) mm. The inclination of occlusal plane was negatively correlated to the lateral width of masticatory path in frontal plane (r = -0.39, P < 0.05). Occlusal plane was approximately vertical to the opening and closing path in the vicinity of intercuspal position during mastication. The inclination of occlusal plane was positively related to occlusal plane-closing angles in the upper segments of closing path during mastication (P < 0.05). Masticatory axis angle was (66.50 ± 7.98)° with no significant correlation to the inclination of occlusal plane (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThese results suggest that the sagittal inclination of occlusal plane can influence 3-dimensional morphology of masticatory path.The inclination of occlusal plane has a guiding effect on masticatory movement in the upper segments of closing path.

Adult ; Cephalometry ; Dental Occlusion ; Female ; Humans ; Incisor ; anatomy & histology ; physiology ; Jaw Relation Record ; Male ; Mandible ; anatomy & histology ; physiology ; Mastication ; physiology ; Movement ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study on academic point of view of the book, A General Survey of Moribustion.

METHODSStudy academic thought of the book and clarify academic origin and characteristics of the book.

CONCLUSIONProcessing of argyi leaf, manufacture of mugwort floss and size of moxa cone have a certain technique standards in the book. The book indicates that small cones should be used with more times of moxibustion. and the properties of mugwort floss are not dry and heat, but are warm and moist and mild, moxibustion not only can be used to treat cold syndrome but also can be used to treat heat syndrome; the body can response to the external moxibustion. The above points of view have still guiding significance in nowadays.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Artemisia ; Books ; Humans ; Moxibustion ; Surveys and Questionnaires

AIM: Accommodation is one of the most important functions of human eye, while its mechanism is still under discussion. This paper aimed to study accommodation mechanism with numerical simulation.METHODS: A simulation model was constructed to study the mechanism of accommodation based on the experimental data derived from published resources. The displacement and pressure are applied on the model to study the deformation of lens during accommodating.RESULTS: The simulation showed that, as the eye was accommodating, the thickness of the lens increased linearly,and the lens diameter decreased linearly. The optical power of the lens increased as the accommodation increased. This result was accord with the public facts in accommodation.Furthermore, the pressure was found to have a great influence on the shape of the lens and the optical power. The lens became thinner and flatter as the pressure increased and the pressure caused a remarkable increase of lens' optical power.CONCLUSION: The outcome of this paper is consistent with the Helmholtz's hypothesis on accommodation to some extent. The analytical model presented in this paper can be used in the theoretical study of the accommodation mechanism of the human lens.

[Objective]To explore the correlations between different indices of lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipopro-tein of coronary heart disease(CHD)patients,especially that between low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)and that between apolipoprotein A1(apoA1)and apolipoprotein B100 (apoB100),as well as the correlations between these indices,indices ratios and the severity of coronary artery lesion.[Methods]301 coronary heart disease patients hospitalized to accept percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University during 2013-2014 were recruited in the study. Fasting serum lipid indices including triglycerides(TG),total cholesterol(TC),LDL-C,HDL-C,apoA1 and apoB100 were examined before surgery.Gensini score was calculated to evaluate the severity of coronary artery lesion. 153 patients whose Gensini score was less than 50 were assigned to Group A,while 148 patients with Gensini score greater than or equal 50 were distributed to Group B.[Results]Positive correlations were found between LDL-C and HDL-C(r=0.161,P=0.005), apoA1 and apoB100(r=0.358,P<0.001),apoB100 and LDL-C(r=0.487,P<0.001),apoA1 and LDL-C(r=0.178, P=0.002)by linear correlation analysis. No significant correlation was found between apoB100 and HDL-C. None of LDL-C,HDL-C,TC was correlated with Gensini score. However,LDL-C/HDL-C ratio was positively correlated with Gensini score(r=0.148,P=0.01). The results showed no significant correlations between apoB100,apoB100/apo A1 ratio and Gensini score but negative correlation between apoA1 and Gensini score(r=-0.129,P=0.025). The positive correlation between HDL-C/LDL-C ratio and Gensini score was still valid after multi-factors adjustment (β=5.071,P=0.018).[Conclusion]Of patients with coronary heart disease,there exist some correlations between LDL-C and HDL-C,apoA1 and apoB100,while the correlation between LDL-C and HDL-C is relatively weak.The LDL-C/HDL-C ratio,weakly positively correlated with the severity of coronary artery lesion,is a risk factor of coronary artery lesion,while the level of apoA1,negatively correlated with the severity of coronary artery lesion,could play a protective role.

【Objective】 We sought to compare ultrasound superb micro- vascular imaging （SMI） and contrast- enhanced ultrasound（CEUS）in the evaluation of carotid plaque neovascularization，and to understand the feasibility of SMI as a method to screen neovascularization of plaque.【Methods】A total of 60 cases，with a total of 109 plaques underwent SMI and CEUS to detect neovascularization of plaque.【Results】SMI and CEUS examination results were consistent in 101 of 109 plaques. The cost of SMI was less than CEUS（￥150 vs. ￥900）. There was significant difference in examination time between SMI and CEUS［（5.0 ± 1.4 vs. 18.5 ± 2.2）min，P < 0.05］.【Conclusion】Preliminary results showed that these two methods have good consistency. SMI also has advantages ：simple ，less time-consuming ，cheap and low risk. It indicates that SMI may be an effective screening method for neovascularization in plaques.

Objective To investigate the resistance of clinical Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates from 15 hospitals in several regions of China during 2011.Methods Fifteen repre-sentative general hospitals were involved in this program. Bacterial susceptibility testing was carried out by means of a unified protocol using Kirby-Bauer method and MIC determi-nation.Results were analyzed according to CLSI 2011 break-points.Results Majority (93.3%) of the 1 889 clinical strains of S.maltophilia were isolated from inpatients.On-ly 6.7% of the isolates were from outpatients.About 62.9% of these S .maltophilia strains were isolated from old patients whose age was 60 years or older.Only 8.2% of the strains were from the patients younger than 18 years old.Sputum and re-spiratory tract secretion were the most common specimen source,accounting for 82.6%.Another 4.2% isolates were from blood,abdominal fluid and other sterile body fluids.The percentage of the S .maltophilia strain resistant to trimethoprim-sul-famethoxazole,levofloxacin and minocycline was 16.6%,10.0% and 1.8%,respectively.The strains resistant to cefopera-zone-sulbactam accounted for 19.0%.About 37.1% of the strains isolated from blood or sterile body fluids were resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole,significantly higher than the strains from urine or wound specimens (P < 0.01).Conclusions S.maltophilia strains are mainly isolated from inpatients.The most common source is sputum and other respiratory speci-mens.Most of the patients with S.maltophilia isolate are 60 years of age or older.The S.maltophilia strains are constitu-tively resistant to several antibacterial agents,but showed relatively lower resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole,levo-floxacin and minocycline.Cefoperazone-sulbactam is still active against these strains.The antimicrobial therapy targeting S. maltophilia infections should be selected cautiously according to the results of antimicrobial resistance surveillance.

【Objective】 To explore the association between blood pressure and the plasma levels of renin, angiotensin Ⅱ and aldosterone in hypertensive patients with different degrees of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAS) . 【Methods】 Patients with secondary hypertension, NYHA Ⅱ-Ⅳ heart failure, and stopping drugs which can affect reninangiotensin-aldosterone system(RASS) for less than 1 month were excluded. Patients who were initially diagnosed as hypertension and completed polysomnography were conducted in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from November 2018 to December 2019. Apnea-Hypopnea Index(AHI) represents the severity of OSAS. Patients were measured plasma levels of renin concentration, angiotensin Ⅱ and aldosterone in supine positions. Blood pressure before therapy was also recorded. Subjects were divided into two groups based on AHI. Group A included no or mild OSAS patients with AHI < 15 and Group B included moderate or severe OSAS patients with AHI ≥ 15. The above indicators were compared between the two groups. We also tried to find the correlation of OSAS, blood pressure and RASS by linear correlation and multiple linear regressions. 【Results】 Positive correlations were found between AHI and aldosterone (rs=0.215, P=0.011), AHI and plasma renin concentration(rs=0.233, P=0.006), AHI and ANG Ⅱ(rs=0.138, P=0.004), AHI and systolic blood pressure(rs=0.306, P<0.001), AHI and mean arterial blood pressure(rs=0.263, P=0.002), systolic blood pressure and plasma renin concentration(rs=0.288, P=0.001), diastolic blood pressure and plasma renin concentration(rs=0.213, P=0.012). After adjusting for other variables, aldosterone was also significantly associated with AHI(β=0.160, P=0.035) . 【Conclusions】 OSAS severity is related to RASS, especially to aldosterone. OSAS mainly affects systolic blood pressure and mean arterial blood pressure. Aldosterone receptor antagonist may be more available for hypertensive patients with OSAS.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the chromium (Cr) levels in blood and urine among general population in China between 2009 and 2010, and thereby to analyze its prevalent features.

METHODSFrom year 2009 to 2010, a total of 11 983 subjects of general population aged between 6 and 60 year-old were recruited from 24 districts in 8 provinces in eastern, central and western China mainland, by cluster random sampling method. The information about their living environment and health status were collected by questionnaire, and 11 983 blood samples and 11 853 urine samples were also collected. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was applied to test the Cr level both in blood and urine; and the Cr distribution in blood and urine among groups of population in different ages, genders and districts, were then analyzed.

RESULTSAmong general population in China, the geometric mean (GM) of Cr concentration in blood was 1.19 µg/L, with median at 1.74 µg /L and 95% percentile at 5.59 µg/L. The Cr concentration in blood among males and females were separately 1.18 µg/L and 1.20 µg/L(P > 0.05); while its GM in the groups of population aged 6 - 12, 12 - 16, 16 - 20, 20 - 30, 30 - 45 and 45 - 60 years old were 1.00, 1.22, 1.01, 1.40, 1.27 and 1.30 µg/L (P < 0.01), respectively; and the figures in populations from eastern, central and western China were 1.00, 1.70 and 1.98 µg/L (P < 0.01), respectively. Among general population, the GM of Cr concentration in urine was 0.53 µg/L, with median was lower than 0.42 µg/L and 95% percentile at 3.53 µg/L. The Cr concentration in urine among males and females were separately 0.52 µg/L and 0.53 µg/L (P > 0.05);while its GM in the groups of population aged 6 - 12, 12 - 16, 16 - 20, 20 - 30, 30 - 45 and 45 - 60 years old were 0.56, 0.60, 0.52, 0.50, 0.52 and 0.46 µg/L (P < 0.01), respectively;and the figures in populations from eastern, central and western China were 0.58, < 0.42 and 0.60 µg/L (P < 0.01), respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe study reported the Cr levels in blood and urine among general population in China, and thereby provided basic data evidence for the following Cr biological monitoring studies in near future.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; China ; Chromium ; blood ; urine ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Population Surveillance ; Young Adult

【Objective】To assess the difference in volume load between different blood pressure control levels in outpatients with hypertension. To investigate the effect of clinical factors on volume load in outpatients with hypertension. To analyze the clinical baseline characteristics and use of antihypertensive drugs in outpatients with hypertension. 【Methods】 A total of 514 outpatients with hypertension were included from July to November 2017. Clinical indicators including gender，age，height，weight，years of hypertension，blood pressure levels，treatment options for hypertension and comorbidities of these patients were recorded. The body volume load was evaluated by detecting the ratio of extracellular fluid（ECW）to total body water（TBW）using a Bioimpedance Analyzer. Whole body ECW/TBW≥0.39 was defined as high volume load. The effects of clinical factors on the volume load of hypertensive patients and whether there was a difference in volume load between different antihypertensive therapy were analyzed. 【Results】The blood pressure compliance rate of outpatients with hypertension was 15.37% ，which was still very low. Male patients had lower blood pressure compliance rate than female patients. Blood pressure was more difficult to control in patients with older age ，higher body mass index （BMI），higher waist-to-hip ratio（WHR）or longer duration of hypertension. The higher the blood pressure grading，the higher the proportion of combination medication. Diuretics were still the most widely used antihypertensive drugs. Age ，gender and different hypertension grades were the main factors affecting the volume load of hypertensive patients. Volume load was higher in female，older or higher systolic blood pressure（SBP）patients. Among them，age was the most important factor affecting the volume load of hypertensive patients.【Conclusion】The blood pressure compliance rate of outpatients with hypertension was still low. Effectively reducing the volume load was one of the important means to control blood pressure，which was more important in female，older or higher SBP patients.