Objective To monitor the function of infection on myelination in white matter damage,neonatal Wistar rats of postnatal day 2 (P2) and postnatal day 7 (P7) were injected intraperitoneally with the same doses of lipopolysaccharides (LPS),and 2',3 '-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (CNPase) and myelin basic protein (MBP) were labeled in immature oligodendrocytes and mature oligodendrocytes.To investigate the function of tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α according to test the change of TNF-α expression in the brain.Methods Ninty-six neonatal Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (each group 24 rats):group A:LPS (5.0 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally on P2 ; group B:LPS (5.0 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally on P7 ;group C1 and C2 were control groups in which equal amount of normal saline was injected intraperitoneally on P2 or P7.The expression of CNPase at 24 h after injection and MBP at P14 in brain tissue of each group were measured by immunohistochemistry and express of TNF-α mRNA at 4 h after the injection was measured by RT-PCR.Results Punctate hemorrhage in the corpus callosum,external capsule and intraventricular hemorrhage were seen in group A.Periventricular leukomalacia appeared in the corpus callosum and glial cells hyperplasia could be seen periventricular in P14 rat brains,but not found in the group B and any of the saline-injected rat brains.Compared with group C1 and C2 respectively,CNPase-positive cells showed obvious decrease in the area of white matter in periventricular in group A(106.93 ± 2.62 vs 113.67 ± 2.69,P ＜ 0.01) and group B (96.37 ± 1.82 vs 101.65 ± 2.01,P ＜ 0.01).Following LPS treatment in group A,the protein expression of MBP in neonatal brain decreased evidently compared with group C1 at P14 (128.21 ± 2.99 v s 134.81 ± 2.98,P ＜ 0.01),while no significant change was found between group B and group C2(134.77 ±3.68 vs 134.81 ±2.98,P ＞0.05).After 4h of the LPS treatment,the level of TNF-α mRNA was greatly increased in group A,it was significantly higher than that in group B (1.79 ± 0.04 vs 1.18 ± 0.04,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Intraperitoneal injection of LPS to the development neonatal rats can lead to dysmyelination and white matter damage.The expression of TNF-oα mRNA increased significantly in these immature neonatal rats,while only myelination delay occurred in those of mature neonatal rats without dysmyelination.

Objective To observe the effects of atorvastatin and cytokine signaling inhibitor AG490 on the residual liver function and the survival time of 90% hepatectomy rats. Methods Rats were divided randomly into three groups after surgery: control group without treatment; Ato group administrated with atorvastatin (20 mg?kg -1?d -1) through NG tube one day before and three days after the surgery and AG490 group, intraperitoneally given AG490 (1 mg?kg -1?12h -1) beginning intraoperatively for 4 times. The health status and liver regeneration were observed and recorded. Results All rats in control group died within 24 hours. Both atorvastatin and AG490 significantly prolonged the survival time of rats after surgery (25.6 h & 30.6 h vs. 10.7 h,P

China ; Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome ; Humans

Selection and affinities of Cd binding peptides were assayed by phage random dodecapeptide library and affinity chromatography. Two Cd binding peptides were obtained, it was found that the affinities of Cu~ 2+ ,Co~ 2+ ,Zn~ 2+ ,Ni~ 2+ for Cd binding peptides were higher than that of Cd~ 2+ and Cr~ 2+ after detection of the amplified Cd binding peptides displayed phages to different heavy metal-charged resins; the detoxification of E.coli to Ni~ 2+ and Cd~ 2+ was enhanced when infected by Cd binding peptide displayed phages as compared with those of the control. The interaction of Cd binding peptide displayed phages with heavy metals charged resins was also observed under microscope. The work would be of great value and consequences for the study of interaction between heavy metals and proteins(peptides), as well as thedetoxification and bioremediation of heavy metals.

Objects:To observe the effort of rehabilitation therapy after SPR.Methods:Twenty CP patients with spasticity were operated from December 1996 to October 1997.Occupational therapy was used in conjunction with Bobath method which formed the base of PT.Results:All values of muscle tone before and after operation were significantly different.Strength of many muscular groups was lower than normal level before operation and decreased further postoperatively.Sitting,kneeling and standing posture improved after operation and rehabilitation.There were 9 independent walk cases improved stride length,heel contact pattern and they had no scissors gait after rehabilitation.Conclusion:The goals of rehabilitation training focused on building muscle strength,stretching contractures and building up right posture control,inhibiting abnormal movement pattern,and gradually forming nornmal movement pattern.

Objective:To study the role of Jagged1 and Notch signaling pathway played in the differentiation and proliferation of RAW 264.7 cells.Methods: RAW 264.7 cells were divided into three groups to culture:The control group:RAW 264.7 cells were threated with culture and RANKL.The Jagged1 group:RAW 264.7 cells were threated with recombinant protein Jagged 1 besides the control group.The DAPT group:RAW 264.7 cells were threated with DAPT besides the Jagged 1 group.The mRNA expression of osteoclast markers(TRAP,CK,CTR) and Notch key target genes (HES-1 and HEY-1) were measured by real-time PCR.The formation of osteoclast , bone resorption , Notch expression and proliferation of RAW 264.7 cells were detected by TRAP staining , scanning electron microscope ,immunofluorescence and cell counting kit-8 ( CCK-8 ).Results: TRAP, CK, CTR , HES-1 and HEY-1 mRNA expression were significantly higher than the control group and DAPT group in Jadded 1 group ( P<0.05 ).TRAP+cell count ,osteolytic area was significantly increased in Jagged 1 group compared with control and DAPT group , and no significant difference observed between the last two groups.Immunofluorescence results showed high expression of N ICD in cell membrane and cytoplasm in all groups and additionally expressed in nucleus in Jadded 1 group.Cell proliferation was inhibited in Jagged 1 group also ( P<0.05 ).Conclusion:Jagged1 promotes RAW264.7 cells osteoclast differentiation and inhibits proliferation by activating Notch signaling pathway .

Objective:To compare the effectiveness of fire needle versus Western medicine in the treatment of herpes zoster. Methods:Randomized controlled trials comparing fire needle with Western medicine in the treatment of herpes zoster were identified using 8 databases. A meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software. Results:Eight trials involving 569 patients were included in this meta-analysis, and the results showed that fire needle was superior to Western medicine comparing the effective rate [risk ratio (RR)=1.13, 95％ confidence interval (CI): 1.06 to 1.20;P=0.0002], the visual analog scale (VAS) score [mean difference(MD)=–7.95, 95％ CI: –10.71 to –5.20;P<0.00001], time of pain disappearance (MD=–7.61, 95％CI: –9.38 to –5.84;P<0.00001), time of blister-stop (MD=–1.34, 95％CI: –1.51 to –1.18;P<0.00001), time of crusted scab (MD=–2.92, 95％CI: –3.62 to –2.23;P<0.00001), and time of scab off (MD=–4.64, 95％CI: –5.83 to –3.46;P<0.00001). In addition, a significantly lower incidence of postherpetic neuralgia was found in the fire needle group in 30 d (RR=0.23, 95％CI: 0.11 to 0.51;P=0.0002) and 60 d (RR=0.33, 95％CI: 0.12 to 0.91; P=0.03) after treatment. Conclusion:Fire needle has a favorable effect in increasing the effective rate, relieving pain, recovering skin lesions and decreasing incidence of postherpetic neuralgia in the treatment of herpes zoster. However, considering the limitations in this study, the findings should be interpreted cautiously.

AIM: To investigate the relationship between the macular hemorrhage and refractive abnormalities,and analyze the occurrence probability and the factors of refractive abnormalities in high-risk neonates.

METHODS: From January 2017 to January 2018, a total of 1 229 neonates with high-risk factors invided into 3 groups, according to the different parts of retinal hemorrhage, examined by RetCamⅢ device. All the subjects were checked the refractive status by autorefractor when they were 1 to 1.5 years old. The abnormalities were checked their refractive status under using of 1% atropine oculentum after 7d. The relationship between the macular hemorrhage and refractive abnormalities, and the occurrence probability and the factors of refractive abnormalities were analyzed.

RESULTS: Among 205 eyes which were retinal hemorrhage irrelated macula 6 eyes had refractive abnormality(2.93%)in group A. 57 eyes which were macular hemorrhage 17 eyes had refractive abnormality(29.82%)in group B. 2 196 eyes which were no retinal hemorrhage 40 eyes had refractive abnormality(1.82%)in group C. It had significant difference between groups A and B, groups B and C(P<0.001), but had no significant difference between groups A and C(P=0.27). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that macular hemorrhage and neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy were the independent risk factors for refractive status.

CONCLUSION: The incidence of refractive abnormality was high in macular hemorrhage. Macular hemorrhage and neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy were the independent risk factors for refractive abnormality,and we should strengthen the observation and intervention of such new-borns.

BACKGROUNDEstrogen deficiency causes atrophic changes within the urogenital tract, and is associated with urinary symptoms. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of estrogen and tibolone on bladder histology, and the changes of estrogen receptor alpha and beta (ERalpha and beta) protein expression in the detrusor muscle.

METHODSForty female rats were separated into four groups of ten each. They received a sham operation (Sham), ovariectomy (Ovx), ovariectomy plus estrogen replacement (Ovx + E), or ovariectomy plus tibolone treatment (Ovx + T). After 12 weeks each rat was anesthetized and the bladders were removed. The bladders' ultra structure, collagen fiber (CF) to smooth muscle (SM) ratio and ER subtypes were studied. Statistical analyses were performed using the one-way analysis of variance test.

RESULTSOvx resulted in significant degeneration in bladder ultra structure; however, estrogen and tibolone reversed those changes. Ovx increased the CF/SM ratio, estrogen and tibolone resulted in an increase. Two estrogen receptors (ERs) were expressed in the bladder detrusor, with ERbeta the main subtype. Ovx resulted in up-regulation of ERalpha and down-regulation of ERbeta. With estrogen and tibolone treatment, ERbeta showed a significant increase but ERalpha showed no significant difference compared with Ovx.

CONCLUSIONSEstrogen deficiency deteriorates bladder ultra structure and histology. Supplementary estrogen can improve bladder function which may be due to inhibition of collagen hyperplasia and increased SM density. ERbeta has an important role in mediating estrogen function in the bladder. Tibolone has a mild estrogenic action and has an effect on bladder function and structure to some degree.

Animals ; Estrogen Receptor Modulators ; pharmacology ; Estrogens ; pharmacology ; Female ; Immunohistochemistry ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Norpregnenes ; pharmacology ; Ovariectomy ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Estrogen ; metabolism ; Urinary Bladder ; drug effects ; metabolism ; ultrastructure

OBJECTIVETo analyze the embryo development potential after intracytoplasmic injection of sperm from azoospermia patients with different spermatogenic functions.

METHODSWe performed ICSI with sperm retrieved from azoospermia patients with different spermatogenic functions using percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration (PESA) and testicular sperm aspiration (TESA). Then we recorded and analyzed the rates of normal fertilization, cleavages, excellent embryos and pregnancies.

RESULTSNo statistically significant differences were found between the PESA and TESA groups in the rates of normal fertilization ([74.9 +/- 19.6] vs [66.3 +/- 22.7]%, P > 0.05), cleavages ([96.7 +/- 8.6] vs [92.8 +/- 19.8]%, P > 0.05), excellent embryos ([43.5 +/- 26.2] vs [35.0 +/- 29.4]%, P > 0.05) and pregnancies (44.0 vs 52.0%, P > 0.05). The normal fertilization rates in the patients with normal spermatogenesis, mild spermatogenic dysfunction (SD), moderate SD and severe SD were (77.8 +/- 18.4), (68.4 +/- 18.5), (73.5 +/- 19.8) and (51.4 +/- 27.9)%, respectively, with significant difference between the normal spermatogenesis and mild SD groups (P < 0.05) as well as between the severe SD and the other groups (P < 0.05); the cleavage rates were (96.7 +/- 9.2), (96.5 +/- 15.0), (93.9 +/- 12.1) and (93.7 +/- 11.1)%, respectively, with no significant difference among the four groups; the excellent embryo rates were (47.1 +/- 25.8), (40.3 +/- 27.6), (36.2 +/- 23.1) and (15.0 +/- 24.6)%, respectively, with significant difference between the severe SD and the other groups; the pregnancy rates were 54.8, 50.0, 13.6 and 10.0%, respectively, with significant differences among the four groups (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONICSI by PESA or TESA is an effective approach to azoospermia. There are no significant differences between PESA and TESA in the rates of normal fertilization, cleavages, excellent embryos and pregnancies. The severity of spermatogenic dysfunction affects fertilization and initial development of embryos, which were shown in the rates of normal fertilization, excellent embryos and pregnancies but not that of cleavages.

Adult ; Azoospermia ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Embryonic Development ; Epididymis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Rate ; Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic ; Sperm Retrieval ; Spermatogenesis ; Young Adult