Objective To establish a method for the determination of bacterial endotoxin in Ilex pubescens compound injection(LPCJ) .Methods According to China Pharmacopoeia (second part,2000),interference test was carried out to detect the endotoxins in LPCJ with limulus lysate agents (?was 0.25 EU/mL).Results Inhibition action was found in bacterial endotoxin test for LPCJ and in the 10-,20-,30-and 40-fold diluted liquid of LPCJ.It was proved that the maximum noninterference concentration was the 50-fold dilution.The inspection results are the same as that of rabbit pyrogen test.Conclusion The 50-fold diluted LPCJ is suitable for the determination of bacterial endotoxin and can be used as the quality control standard for its preparation.

OBJECTIVE:To promote the development of pharmacists' clinical thinking ability.METHODS:By analyzing the differences between physicians and pharmacists in clinical thinking together with our practical experience,we expounded the key points of pharmacists' clinical thinking,i.e.critical thinking,comprehensive thinking,evidence-based thinking,patient-cored thinking and creative thinking.RESULTS & CONCLUSION:The clinical thinking that is in line with pharmacists' characteristics should be developed with clinical pharmaceutical practice as the core and it can be achieved by enhancing pharmacists' ability to detect and solve the drug related problems.

Objective: To study the chemical constituents from the stems of Daphne acutiloba. Methods: The constituents were separated by column chromatography and their structures were elucidated by spectral data analyses. Results: Fourteen biflavans or biflavons were isolated from the EtOAc fraction of 95% ethanol reflux extract in the stems of D. acutiloba and were identified as daphnodorin A (1), daphnodorin C (2), daphnodorin C' (3), daphnodorin F (4), daphnodorin E (5), wikstrol A (6), daphnodorin K (7), iso-chamaejasmin (8), (+)-chamaejasmin (9), daphnodorin D1 (10), daphnodorin H (11), 3-methoxyl daphnodorin H (12), daphnodorin K' (13), and daphnodorin B (14). Conclusion: All the compounds except 14 are obtained from the stems of this plant for the first time.

The problems in teaching infectious disease were discussed .The measures should be taken to improve the teaching quality from the varies of aspects, such as the aim and the model of the teaching, the arrangement of curricula, the cultivation of the clinical ability, and the method of examination and the application of multi-media materials.

Mixed saponin molecules in the extraction of Panax notoginseng(PNE) can be effectively desorpted into the molecular ionization for measurement and analysis by mass analyzer from matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry(MALDI-TOF MS). The saponin samples with chromatography purity were directly analyzed by MALDI-TOF MS, which indicated that the sensitivity of the method was higher than that of RP-HPLC. A technology of MALDI-TOF MS was directly employed to analyze the saponin kinds and their relative contents in Panax notoginseng(PN) while the saponins were perfectly extracted from the Chinese traditional medicine of PN. It was indicated that there were at least 20 saponins consisting of different molecular structure and that the content of both ginsenoside Rg1 and notoginsenoside R1 in PNE was relative high. R1 saponin was extracted and identified to follow its metabolism pathway by both thin layer chromatography and MALDI-TOF MS, respectively. The saponin fingerprinting maps in PNE can be established to evaluate the quality of PE and to study both metabolism pathway and mechanism of extra minim saponins in vivo.

Objective To observe the poet-operative clinical inpact on cervical intraepithelial neoplasia surgery by Loop elcctrosurgical excision procedure(LEEP),gelatin paste to improve the healing of the Cut,prevent the post-operative bleeding,and find out effective methods of preventing LEEP complications.Methods 100 patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia underwent LEEP in clinic.Divide them into two groups randomly,60 patients were adopted gelatin paste post-LEEP ag the cure group.while 40 patients were adopted as control group.Observation Vaginal bleeding,infection and cervical rear in short-term.Results In 60 patients of cure group,never patients with vaginal bleeding,infection and the cut healing in the short time.In 40 patients of control group,three patients with vaginal bleeding,two patients with infection,and three patients with bad healing.The different between two group with vaginal bleeding,infection and the cut healing time was significant(P＜0.05).Condusion gelatin paste can reduce bleeding.infection and cervical repair bad cmpllcations after cervical intraepithelial neoplasia surgery by LEEP.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution of acute appendicitis pathogens and their drug resistance,and to guide clinically the selection of reasonable antibiotics.METHODS Germicultures and drug sensitivity tests were conducted for the pus specimens from the 116 patients with acute appendicitis by ATB Expression bacteria(identifier).RESULTS Pathogens in 75 cases of 116 were found,with a positive rate of 64.7%,totally 85 strains of bacteria were isolated from clinical samples.Gram-negative bacilli had 72 strains,accounted for 84.7% and Gram-positives had 13 strains,(accounted) for 15.3%.The first three were Escherichia coli(54.1%),Pseudomonas aeruginosa(4.7%),and Klebsiella pneumoniae(4.7%).Sensitivity tests showed that resistance rates of E.coli to cefapirin,imipenem,compound(piperacillin),cefoxitin,and amikacin were 0,2.2%,10.9%,17.4%, and(23.9%).CONCLUSIONS Dominant pathogens in patients with acute(appendicitis) are intestinal bacilli,with(predominance) of E.coli;more emphasis should be placed on pathogen detections and drug sensitivity tests so that effective antibiotics could be selected and resistant bacteria be reduced and nosocomial infections be prevented.

OBJECTIVE:To improve the preparation of compound menthol spray and study its stability.METHODS:The liquor compound menthol spray was changed to emulsified ones by the solubilizing action of tween80.The stability of emulsified compound menthol spray(ECMS)was observed in airtight container at room temperature(25?2)℃.RESULTS:ECMS was stable within2wks in airtight container at room temperature.CONCLUSION:ECMS is stable in property,convenient in stor?age,and accords with pharmaceutical quality standards.

OBJECTIVE:Probe into the procedures and contents of pharmaceutical care in department of gastroenterology. METHODS:The feasibility,requirement and our specialty of pharmaceutical care were systematically analyzed in department of gastroenterology through a special - purpose study and discussion, and a detailed design was instituted, then the four faces were established.RESULTS: Clinical pharmacists should bring their pharmaceutical specialty into full play, and worked smoothly with clinicians and nurses by aiming directly at kinds of clinical requirement .An initial effect of pharmaceutical care was shown in department of gastroenterology .CONCLUSION: Young clinical pharmacists should adopt a scientific analysis and normative procedure to work smoothly with clinical partners as quickly as possible at the beginning of their clinical pharmacy work and strive hard to be one of the important person in multidisciplinary treatment teams.

Objective: To study the mechanism and effect of Chinese medicine Yiqi Tongyang Huatan prescription(益气通阳化痰方,YQTYHT) on hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis(AS).Methods: The rabbit′s model was established by feeding the food containing high cholesterol,and 32 rabbits were randomly divided into four groups(each n=8): normal group,model group,Huoxue Huayu prescription treatment group(活血化瘀方,HXHY group) and YQTYHT treatment group(YQTYHT group).Before the experiment,at the end of 6 th and 12 th weeks after the experiment,the following items were measured: blood lipids platelet aggregation rate,platelet adhesion rate,malondialdehyde(MDA),endothelin-1(ET-1),nitric oxide(NO),the ratio of the lipid plaque area and the thickness of the endothelial plaque.Results: After feeding the food containing high cholesterol,the blood lipids,platelet aggregation rate,platelet adhesion rate,MDA,ET1,the ratio of lipid plaque area and the thickness of plaque were elevated significantly,while serum NO3-/NO2-decreased significantly in model group.Compared with the model group,the blood lipids were lower in the two treatment groups,and the blood lipid regulating effect in YQTYHT group was significantly better than that in HXHY group.Platelet aggregation rate and platelet adhesion rate of YQTYHT group and HXHY group were lower than those in the model group,but the degree of lowering in YQTYHT group and HXHY group had no significant differences.The serum MDA of YQTYHT group and HXHY group was lower than that in model group,and the lowering effect in YQTYHT group was better than that in HXHY group.YQTYHT group and HXHY group had a significant increase on the level of serum NO3-/NO2-and a decrease on the content of plasma ET-1,furthermore,the effects in the former group were significantly better than those of the latter group.The area of atherosclerotic plaque coverage in aorta and the thickness of plaque of HXHY group were larger than those in YQTYHT group(both P