Objective:To evaluate the clinical value of holographic imaging-based digital localization technology in robot-assisted partial nephrectomy（RAPN）for the treatment of completely endophytic renal tumors.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 23 patients with completely endophytic renal tumors who underwent RAPN at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University between December 2022 and December 2024. Patients were divided into two groups based on the use of holographic imaging：the holographic imaging group（16 cases）and the conventional group（7 cases）. There was no statistically significant difference between the holographic imaging group and the conventional group in terms of age［（41.9 ± 13.4）years vs.（46.9 ± 13.4）years］，body mass index［（25.6 ± 4.8）kg/m2 vs.（24.7 ± 3.1）kg/m2］，maximum tumor diameter［（3.1 ± 0.9）cm vs.（3.0 ± 9.0）cm］，tumor volume［（13.2 ± 9.0）cm3 vs.（34.9 ± 9.9）cm3］，R.E.N.A.L. score［（9.4 ± 1.2）points vs.（9.9 ± 0.7）points］，PADUA score［（10.4 ± 0.7）points vs.（9.4 ± 0.7）points］，proportion of T 1a stage patients［12 cases（75.0%）vs. 6 cases（85.7%）］and preoperative serum creatinine［（67.4 ± 9.5）μmol/L vs.（78.0 ± 16.0）μmol/L］. In the holographic group，holographic models were reconstructed based on preoperative enhanced CT or MRI images and used for preoperative planning and intraoperative localization. In the conventional group，surgeons relied on preoperative CT or MRI images for cognitive fusion during RAPN. Perioperative parameters such as warm ischemia time，operative time，tumor localization time，positive surgical margin rate，and renal function were compared between the two groups. Results:The operative time in the holographic group was significantly shorter than that in the conventional group［（152.8 ± 12.9）min vs.（218.4 ± 105.5）min， P = 0.001］. Warm ischemia time［（26.9 ± 3.4）min vs.（30.7 ± 3.8）min， P < 0.001］，localization time［（4.2 ± 0.9）min vs.（8.9 ± 1.7）min， P < 0.001］，and estimated blood loss［（47.0 ± 17.7）ml vs.（128.6 ± 87.8）ml， P < 0.001］were also significantly lower in the holographic group. In the conventional group，one patient underwent radical nephrectomy，while no patient in the holographic imaging group required conversion to radical nephrectomy. No cases of positive surgical margins were identified in either group. Serum creatinine levels measured one month after surgery showed no statistically significant differences between the two groups［（79.5 ± 15.7）μmol /L vs.（104.9 ± 22.5）μmol /L］. Conclusions:The application of holographic imaging-based digital localization technology in RAPN for completely endophytic renal tumors significantly reduces operative time，localization time，warm ischemia time，and intraoperative blood loss. This technology improves surgical efficiency and success rates，offering distinct clinical advantages.

Single-cell analysis of phenotypic plasticity could improve the development of more effective therapeutics. Still, the development of tools to measure single-cell heterogeneity has lagged due to difficulties in manipulating and culturing single cells. Here, we describe a single-cell culture and phenotyping platform that employs a starburst microfluidic network and automatic liquid handling system to capture single cells for long-term culture and multi-dimensional analysis and quantify their clonal properties via their surface biomarker and secreted cytokine/growth factor profiles. Studies performed on this platform found that cells derived from single-cell cultures maintained phenotypic equilibria similar to their parental populations. Single-cell cultures exposed to chemotherapeutic drugs stochastically disrupted this balance to favor stem-like cells. They had enhanced expression of mRNAs and secreted factors associated with cell signaling, survival, and differentiation. This single-cell analysis approach can be extended to analyze more complex phenotypes and screen responses to therapeutic targets.

Tensile stimulation plays a crucial role in regulating tissue structure and function.Due to the limitations of in vivo studies,engineered tension tissues(ETTs)based on biomaterials and tissue engineering technologies have gradually become a research hotspot.Specifically,microscale-engineered tension tissues(μETTs)based on flexible microstructures overcome many limitations of traditional ETTs,due to their controllable mechanical constraints and precise mechanical characterization and stimulation capabilities.This has led to their widespread applications in disease research,drug screening,and toxicologic studies.This review summarizes the materials and fabrication method of flexible microstructures,analyzes their biomechanical roles in μETTs,provides an overview of research progress in myocardial,lung,and skeletal muscle μETTs,discusses mechanical modeling and analysis methods during the remodeling of μETTs,and looks ahead to the future development of this field.

Glutamine provides carbon and nitrogen to support the proliferation of cancer cells. However, the precise reason why cancer cells are particularly dependent on glutamine remains unclear. In this study, we report that glutamine modulates the tumor suppressor F-box and WD repeat domain-containing 7 (FBW7) to promote cancer cell proliferation and survival. Specifically, lysine 604 (K604) in the sixth of the 7 substrate-recruiting WD repeats of FBW7 undergoes glutaminylation (Gln-K604) by glutaminyl tRNA synthetase. Gln-K604 inhibits SCFFBW7-mediated degradation of c-Myc and Mcl-1, enhances glutamine utilization, and stimulates nucleotide and DNA biosynthesis through the activation of c-Myc. Additionally, Gln-K604 promotes resistance to apoptosis by activating Mcl-1. In contrast, SIRT1 deglutaminylates Gln-K604, thereby reversing its effects. Cancer cells lacking Gln-K604 exhibit overexpression of c-Myc and Mcl-1 and display resistance to chemotherapy-induced apoptosis. Silencing both c-MYC and MCL-1 in these cells sensitizes them to chemotherapy. These findings indicate that the glutamine-mediated signal via Gln-K604 is a key driver of cancer progression and suggest potential strategies for targeted cancer therapies based on varying Gln-K604 status.
Glutamine/metabolism* ; Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein/genetics* ; Humans ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc/genetics* ; Cell Proliferation ; Signal Transduction ; Neoplasms/pathology* ; F-Box-WD Repeat-Containing Protein 7/genetics* ; Cell Survival ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Apoptosis

Aim To generate a dual-reporter mouse model for tracing microglia and neurons to analyze their dynamic changes in real-time and to investigate the functional role of microglia-neuron interactions through microglial depletion.Methods Mi-croglia reporter mice were crossed with neuron reporter mice to generate Tmem119-e(2A-tdTomato-2A-DTR);Thy1-GFP dual-reporter mice.Genotyping was performed using tail DNA.Con-focal and two-photon microscopy were used to examine neuronal morphology.In vivo two-photon imaging was employed to observe the distribution of microglia and neurons in the brain.Diphtheria toxin(DT)was intraperitoneally injected to deplete microglia.Results The dual-reporter mice were successfully generated with the correct genotype.Both microglia and neurons were visu-alized,and microglia were specifically depleted by DT.Conclu-sions The successful establishment of a dual-reporter mouse model for tracing neurons and microglia will facilitate real-time in vivo observation of microglial and neuronal changes under physiological or pathological conditions,elucidating their specific roles in brain homeostasis.

Aim To generate a dual-reporter mouse model for tracing microglia and neurons to analyze their dynamic changes in real-time and to investigate the functional role of microglia-neuron interactions through microglial depletion.Methods Mi-croglia reporter mice were crossed with neuron reporter mice to generate Tmem119-e(2A-tdTomato-2A-DTR);Thy1-GFP dual-reporter mice.Genotyping was performed using tail DNA.Con-focal and two-photon microscopy were used to examine neuronal morphology.In vivo two-photon imaging was employed to observe the distribution of microglia and neurons in the brain.Diphtheria toxin(DT)was intraperitoneally injected to deplete microglia.Results The dual-reporter mice were successfully generated with the correct genotype.Both microglia and neurons were visu-alized,and microglia were specifically depleted by DT.Conclu-sions The successful establishment of a dual-reporter mouse model for tracing neurons and microglia will facilitate real-time in vivo observation of microglial and neuronal changes under physiological or pathological conditions,elucidating their specific roles in brain homeostasis.

Tensile stimulation plays a crucial role in regulating tissue structure and function.Due to the limitations of in vivo studies,engineered tension tissues(ETTs)based on biomaterials and tissue engineering technologies have gradually become a research hotspot.Specifically,microscale-engineered tension tissues(μETTs)based on flexible microstructures overcome many limitations of traditional ETTs,due to their controllable mechanical constraints and precise mechanical characterization and stimulation capabilities.This has led to their widespread applications in disease research,drug screening,and toxicologic studies.This review summarizes the materials and fabrication method of flexible microstructures,analyzes their biomechanical roles in μETTs,provides an overview of research progress in myocardial,lung,and skeletal muscle μETTs,discusses mechanical modeling and analysis methods during the remodeling of μETTs,and looks ahead to the future development of this field.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical value of holographic imaging-based digital localization technology in robot-assisted partial nephrectomy（RAPN）for the treatment of completely endophytic renal tumors.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 23 patients with completely endophytic renal tumors who underwent RAPN at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University between December 2022 and December 2024. Patients were divided into two groups based on the use of holographic imaging：the holographic imaging group（16 cases）and the conventional group（7 cases）. There was no statistically significant difference between the holographic imaging group and the conventional group in terms of age［（41.9 ± 13.4）years vs.（46.9 ± 13.4）years］，body mass index［（25.6 ± 4.8）kg/m2 vs.（24.7 ± 3.1）kg/m2］，maximum tumor diameter［（3.1 ± 0.9）cm vs.（3.0 ± 9.0）cm］，tumor volume［（13.2 ± 9.0）cm3 vs.（34.9 ± 9.9）cm3］，R.E.N.A.L. score［（9.4 ± 1.2）points vs.（9.9 ± 0.7）points］，PADUA score［（10.4 ± 0.7）points vs.（9.4 ± 0.7）points］，proportion of T 1a stage patients［12 cases（75.0%）vs. 6 cases（85.7%）］and preoperative serum creatinine［（67.4 ± 9.5）μmol/L vs.（78.0 ± 16.0）μmol/L］. In the holographic group，holographic models were reconstructed based on preoperative enhanced CT or MRI images and used for preoperative planning and intraoperative localization. In the conventional group，surgeons relied on preoperative CT or MRI images for cognitive fusion during RAPN. Perioperative parameters such as warm ischemia time，operative time，tumor localization time，positive surgical margin rate，and renal function were compared between the two groups. Results:The operative time in the holographic group was significantly shorter than that in the conventional group［（152.8 ± 12.9）min vs.（218.4 ± 105.5）min， P = 0.001］. Warm ischemia time［（26.9 ± 3.4）min vs.（30.7 ± 3.8）min， P < 0.001］，localization time［（4.2 ± 0.9）min vs.（8.9 ± 1.7）min， P < 0.001］，and estimated blood loss［（47.0 ± 17.7）ml vs.（128.6 ± 87.8）ml， P < 0.001］were also significantly lower in the holographic group. In the conventional group，one patient underwent radical nephrectomy，while no patient in the holographic imaging group required conversion to radical nephrectomy. No cases of positive surgical margins were identified in either group. Serum creatinine levels measured one month after surgery showed no statistically significant differences between the two groups［（79.5 ± 15.7）μmol /L vs.（104.9 ± 22.5）μmol /L］. Conclusions:The application of holographic imaging-based digital localization technology in RAPN for completely endophytic renal tumors significantly reduces operative time，localization time，warm ischemia time，and intraoperative blood loss. This technology improves surgical efficiency and success rates，offering distinct clinical advantages.

Preoperative oral carbohydrates (POC) play an important role in modern anesthesia and surgery as part of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS). Oral carbohydrate intake before surgery can reduce preoperative anxiety,improve metabolic status,reduce postoper-ative insulin resistance,and reduce stress and inflammatory responses in patients,thereby reducing the occurrence of postoperative com-plications. Directed at a specific population of patients with tumors,an increasing number of studies are focusing on the effects of oral car-bohydrate intake before surgery on metabolism,immune function,postoperative complications,and even tumor recurrence. Notably,the direct effect of POC intake on the tumor itself remains unclear. Previous studies have suggested that a reasonable intake of carbohydrates may exhibit an inhibitory effect on tumor development through indirect mechanisms,such as regulating body metabolism and enhancing immune function. This review summarizes and analyzes the perioperative effects of preoperative carbohydrate load in patients with cancer and provides a theoretical basis for the preoperative preparation of these patients.

Objective: To investigate the prognostic utility of radiomics features extracted from 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT combined with clinical factors and metabolic parameters in predicting progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in individuals diagnosed with extranodal nasal-type NK/T cell lymphoma (ENKTCL). Materials and Methods: A total of 126 adults with ENKTCL who underwent 18 F-FDG PET/CT examination before treatment were retrospectively included and randomly divided into training (n = 88) and validation cohorts (n = 38) at a ratio of 7:3.Least absolute shrinkage and selection operation Cox regression analysis was used to select the best radiomics features and calculate each patient’s radiomics scores (RadPFS and RadOS). Kaplan–Meier curve and Log-rank test were used to compare survival between patient groups risk-stratified by the radiomics scores. Various models to predict PFS and OS were constructed, including clinical, metabolic, clinical + metabolic, and clinical + metabolic + radiomics models. The discriminative ability of each model was evaluated using Harrell’s C index. The performance of each model in predicting PFS and OS for 1-, 3-, and 5-years was evaluated using the time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: Kaplan–Meier curve analysis demonstrated that the radiomics scores effectively identified high- and low-risk patients (all P < 0.05). Multivariable Cox analysis showed that the Ann Arbor stage, maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), and RadPFS were independent risk factors associated with PFS. Further, β2-microglobulin, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status score, SUVmax, and RadOS were independent risk factors for OS. The clinical + metabolic + radiomics model exhibited the greatest discriminative ability for both PFS (Harrell’s C-index: 0.805 in the validation cohort) and OS (Harrell’s C-index: 0.833 in the validation cohort). The time-dependent ROC analysis indicated that the clinical + metabolic + radiomics model had the best predictive performance. Conclusion The PET/CT-based clinical + metabolic + radiomics model can enhance prognostication among patients with ENKTCL and may be a non-invasive and efficient risk stratification tool for clinical practice.