OBJECTIVE To understand the status of gastroscope contamination.METHODS The bacterial(cultivation) of samples derived from inside and outside gastroscope after using was conducted.RESULTS There were heavy(contaminations) inside and(outside) gastroscope after using.Except for normal microbial populations(existing) on pharynx nasalis,many(conditional) pathogenic bacteria had been detected,such as Streptococcus pyogenes,Moraxella catarrhalis,and(nonzymocyte).CONCLUSIONS Many species of bacteria are detected inside and outside(gastroscope) after using.They are normal microbial populations in pharynx nasalis and some conditional pathogenic bacteria.It is (necessary) to strengthen regulation of gastroscope cleaning and disinfection. We should follow Technological Regulations of Disinfection(Ministry of Health,2004) to clean and disinfect endoscope strictly in order to avoid(hospital) acquired infection due to insufficient cleaning and disinfection.

Object To study the chemical constituents of Dracaena cochinchinensis (Lour.) S. C. Chen. Methods The constituents were isolated on silica gel chromatography, preparative TLC, and spectral data. Results Six compounds were isolated and identified from the resin of D. cochinchinensis as: 1, 2, 4, 5-tetrachloro-3, 6-dimethoxybenzene (Ⅰ), cholest-4?-methyl-7-en-3?-ol (Ⅱ), cholest-4?-methyl-7-en-3-one (Ⅲ), hexacosane (Ⅳ), cholest-7-en-3?-ol (Ⅴ), cholest-7-en-3-one (Ⅵ). Conclusion Compounds Ⅳ-Ⅵ were isolated from D. cochinchinensis for the first time.

Objective To explore the clinical significance of expression of DcR3/TR6 gene in the tissue of cardiac cancer and its correlation with survivin gene expression, Methods Two-step immnaohistochemistry technology was adopted to detect the expression of TR6 and survivin gene in 66 cases of cardiac cancer, none of the patients received prior chemotherapy. Results The positive expression rate of TR6 and survivin genes in cardiac cancer was 54.5% and 62.1% , respectively. The expression of TR6 was correlated with histology type,clinical stage and lymph node metastasis of cardiac cancer ( P<0.05 ). The positive expression rate of TR6 in cases that cardiac cancer with survivin expressed was significant higher than those without surviving expressed (χ2=15.145, P<0.01 ). Conclusions The expres-sion of TR6 and survivin can be regarded as valuable indicators for the diagnosis and prognosis of cardiac cancer.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients who developed bone-only metastasis after primary treatment and the stratification of these patients into different risk groups based on independent prognostic factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty NPC patients who developed bone-only metastasis after definitive radiotherapy from October 2005 to December 2010 were enrolled. All these patients received palliative treatment for bone metastasis, including chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. Clinical features, treatment modality, and laboratory parameters were examined with univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS: The median follow-up time was 15.5 months (range, 2-67 months) for the whole cohort. The median overall metastatic survival (OMS) time and the 2-year estimate OMS rate were 26.5 months and 52%, respectively. Multivariate analysis indicated that patients with short metastases-free interval, multiple bone metastases sites, high serum lactic dehydrogenase levels, and treated with radiotherapy or chemotherapy alone had significantly worse outcomes. Patients were stratified into three different risk groups based on the number of adverse factors present. The OMS curves of the three groups were all significantly different (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Severl prognostic factors were found to be associated with worse outcomes. According to the number of adverse factors present, bone-only metastasis patients can be stratified into three risk groups with significantly different prognoses. Such grouping may help in improving the design of clinical trials and in guiding individualized treatment for NPC patients with bone-only metastasis.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Bone Neoplasms/mortality/*secondary/therapy ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/mortality/*pathology/therapy ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Young Adult

Objective:To investigate the safety and feasibility of modified pararectus abdominis approach in the anterior plate fixation of sacral fractures.Methods:In 5 fresh adult cadavers (3 males and 2 females), gross anatomy was performed on one pelvic side using a modified pararectus abdominis approach to clarify the anatomical structures around the approach. On the other side of the pelvis, the anterior structures of the sacrum were exposed in simulated anterior plate fixation of sacral fracture via the modified pararectus abdominis approach. The exposed anatomic range of the approach, and the locations and courses of lumbosacral trunk nerve and iliac vessels were observed and recorded.Results:(1) The modified pararectus abdominis approach exposed the whole S1 vertebral body from the sacroiliac joint to the medial side, the L5 vertebral body cephalally, the S1 foramina in the true pelvis, and the same structures laterally as a traditional pararectus abdominis approach did. (2) Via the modified pararectus abdominis approach, exploration and decompression of the lumbosacral plexus (from L4 to S1) (including S1 foraminoplasty) were performed under direct vision to decompress the nerve entrapment from anterior compressed fracture fragments and hyperplastic callus. (3) There was a safe surgical area in anterior L5 and S1 where a plate could be safely fixed to the S1 vertebral body. (4) Since the maximum vertical distance from the lumbosacral trunk nerve lifted above the periost to the sacral ala was 1.4 cm (range, from 1.2 to 1.5 cm), a plate could be safely placed from the subperiosteum to the S1 vertebral body to fix the fracture.Conclusions:The modified pararectus abdominis approach is safe and feasible for exploration and decompression of lumbosacral nerves in the anterior sacral region (from L4 to S1) because it has significant advantages in vision and operation. It also broadens the range of anterior sacral plate fixation because a sacral fracture displacement can be reduced under direct vision and a plate can be fixated to the S1 vertebral body along the alae sacralis and across the sacroiliac joint to the iliac bone.