Objective? To explore the effects of plan-do-check-action (PDCA) cycle management model combined with detail nursing on improving safety management and nursing quality in the operating room. Methods? By convenience sampling, we selected 275 surgery patients in Wenzhou People's Hospital from February 2016 to January 2017 in control group, and 282 surgery patients from February 2017 to January 2018 in observation group. Control group received routine nursing model of operating room, while observation group carried out PDCA cycle management model combined with detail nursing. We compared the incidence of nursing risk events and nursing quality of operating room between two groups. Results? The incidences of nursing risk events of observation group and control group were 0.71% and 2.64% respectively with a statistical difference (χ2=5.659,P=0.017). The total scores of equipment management, equipment preparation, cooperation skill of circulating nurse, disinfection and isolation as well as nursing quality safety in observation group were (27.47±1.28), (18.37±1.10), (27.17±1.85), (18.79±1.75) and (91.84±3.39) respectively higher than those [(24.17±1.37), (16.14±1.96), (25.34±1.73), (16.21±1.16) and (82.68±3.20)]in control group with statistical differences (t=29.383, 16.611, 12.051, 20.455, 32.777;P＜0.01). Conclusions? The application of PDCA cycle management model combined with detail nursing in nursing management of operating room can effectively improve working quality of nurses and nursing quality of operating room, and reduce the incidence of nursing errors and accidents.