China ; epidemiology ; Education, Medical, Continuing ; Hepatitis B ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Hepatitis B Vaccines ; immunology ; Humans ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Vaccination

Background It is widely appreciated that many animal cells rely on the mechanism of regulatory volume decrease (RVD) after swell under the hypotonic environment,which involved in some processes of cellular physiology.But the RVD of lens epithelial cells(LECs) still is being further researched.Objective Present study was to clarify the possible mechanisms and influencing factors in the RVD of LECs.Methods Human LECs line (HLE B-3)were cultured and passaged in DMEM/F12 containing 10％ fetal bovine serum(FBS),and before volume measurement,cells were stuck to the base of a perfusion chamber,Ringer solution osmolality was decreased from 15％Hypo to 45％ Hypo,and the cells stimulated by 45％ Hypo Ringer solution were used as the control group.Some experiments were performed in the presence of high extracellular K+ concentration,chloride or potassium channel inhibitor,experiments were also carried out in the nominal absence of Ca2+,Cl-or HCO-3 to test the effect of a decrease in intracellular concentration of these ions on the cell volume response.The volume changes of living cells were measured by lag-time microphotograph acquisition and analysis system (IPP6.0).Results Time course of cell volume change after hypotonic shock in HLE B-3 cells was observed.The cell swelling was followed by a gradual volume recovery,indicating the presence of RVD was influenced by the hypotonic stress.Under the stimulation of 45 ％Hypo Ringer solution,the rates of RVD were (59.1 ±7.8)％.RVD was correlated positively to the maximum cell volume (r =0.99,P＜0.05)in S shape,and RVD changes were sensitive to alter maximum cell volume in the range of 115％-135％.RVD reduced to (16.5 ± 1.6) ％,(14.7 ± 2.3) ％,respectively after acted by potassium channel inhibitor,TEA(10 mmol/L)and BaCl2(5 mmol/L)as well as chloride channel inhibitor,NPPB(100 μmol/L)and DIDS(100 μmol/L),with significant differences in comparison with the control group(all P＜0.01).RVD decreased by(5.8±1.6)％ and(2.7±0.8)％ in high concentration of K+ in extracellular fluid and the absence of Cl-(P＜0.01).RVD was significantly inhibited under the absence of Ca2+.When the 45％ Ringer solution was pH6.8,the process of RVD delayed.The rate of RVD in the first ten minutes was (0.86±0.24)％/min,showing a significant decline in comparison with (3.24±0.84) ％ / min of pH 7.4 (P ＜0.05).Conclusions HLE B-3 have RVD ability under the hypotonic stress stimulation.A certain intracellular Ca2+ concentration is the premise of RVD activation,and Cl efflux and K+ efflux are the key mechanism of RVD of HLE B-3.Acidic environment of hypotonic solution delays the occurrence of RVD.

0.05) . The success rate of insertion at first attempt was similar (95%) in both groups. PLMA was placed in the correct position in 87.5% of the patients. The changes in BP and HR and the extubation or PLMA removal response were less in the PLMA group. Significantly less patients in PLMA group complained about sore throat after operation (P

Objective To investigate the effects of Xuebijing on the regulations of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) 、von Wilebrand factor(vWF)、interleukin-6 (IL-6) and the treatment effectiveness in pulmonary contusion patients.Methods Fifty-one pulmonary contusion patients admitted into the hospital from January 2010 to January 2012 were enrolled in the study and were randomly divided into two groups (treatment group and control group).The levels of the TNF-α、vWF 、IL-6 in the pulmonary contusion patients were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay to investigate the change of the inflammatory cytokines and the treatment effectiveness in treatment group and control group.Results The hospitalization time of treatment group and control group was (19.83 ± 2.35) d,(21.52 ± 2.73) d respectively,the hospitalization time of the treatment group was significantly shorter than the control group,the difference was statistically significant (t =2.38,P ＜0.05) ;The incidence of ARDS was 14.81％ and 41.67％ respectively,the incidence of ARDS of the treatment group was significantly lower,the difference was statistically significant (x2 =4.6,P ＜ 0.05) ;The inflammatory mediators index of the two groups showed as follws:the first day of the TNF-α(181.35 ± 14.25) ng/L,(179.17 ± 16.28) ng/L,the third day of the TNF-α(169.21 ± 16.42) ng/L,(179.18 ± 17.31) ng/L,the fifth day of the TNF-α(131.78 ± 13.02) ng/L,(140.84 ± 14.27) ng/L,the seventh day of the TNF-α (99.45 ± 16.02)ng/L,(110.56 ± 17.09) ng/L;The first day of the vWF (178.73 ± 22.09) ng/L,(177.73 ± 23.02) ng/L,the third day of the vWF (208.46 ± 14.13) ng/L,(220.53 ± 23.02) ng/L,the fifth day of the vWF (252.32 ±15.22) ng/L,(266.40 ±25.79) ng/L,the seventh day of the vWF(201.49 ±9.21) ng/L,(217.27 ±22.68)ng/L;The first day of the IL-6 (172.14 ± 12.41) ng/L,(169.53 ± 13.55) ng/L,the third day of the IL-6 (147.24 ± 16.33) ng/L,(158.41 ±21.04) ng/L,the fifth day of the IL-6(126.36 ± 11.37) ng/L,(137.21 ± 21.23) ng/L,the seventh day of the IL-6 (114.03 ± 10.26) ng/L,(122.16 ± 13.59) ng/L,the differences within the group and between the two groups were significant(within the group:F =206.58,218.57,198.35 respectively,P ＜ 0.01 ;between the groups:F =19.053,17.259,17.235 respectively,P ＜ 0.01).And in the third,fifth and seventh day,3 indicators of treatment groups were lower than the control group (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Xuebijing can inhibit inflammatory transmitters,relieve inflammatory reactions,decrease the rate of ARDS incidence,shorten the hospitalization time and help to improve the prognosis of the patients with acute pulmonary contusion.

Aim To investigate the effects of rosiglitazone(ROZ)combined with cisplatin(DDP)on the growth of transplanted lung adenocarcinoma in mice and the corresponding mechanism.Methods The human lung adenocarcinoma mode was established with A549 cell in nude mice.Twenty eight female Balb/c-nu mice with lung adenocarcinoma were randomly divided into seven groups.① control group;② low-dose DDP group(1 mg?kg-1);③ high-dose DDP group(4 mg?kg-1);④ low-dose ROZ group(10 mg?kg-1);⑤ high-dose ROZ group(30 mg?kg-1);⑥ low-dose DDP plus low-dose ROZ group;⑦ low-dose DDP plus high-dose ROZ group;all the mice were sacrificed at 48 h after the last injection.Subcutaneous tumor was subjected to histological examination.Expressions of PPAR?、PTEN and pAkt in tumor tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry.Results ① In every treatment group tumor growth was suppressed significantly.Intraperitoneal injection of low and high-dose DDP,low and high-dose ROZ,low-dose DDP plus low-dose ROZ and low-dose DDP plus high-dose ROZ group resulted in a significant inhibition of the growth of A549 cells in vivo compared with that of control group(P

Objective To investigate the effect of maximal sterile barrier precaution during deep venous/arterial catheterization on preventing catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI)in patients in the department of critical care medicine.Methods 996 patients who were hospitalized in Beijing Friendship Hospital and underwent deep ve-nous/arterial catheterization from September 2011 to April 2014 were analyzed retrospectively,patients were divided into standard sterile barrier precaution group (SSB group,September 2011-December 2012,n=560)and maximal sterile barrier precaution group (MSB group,January 2013-April 2014,n=436)based on whether they received maximal sterile barrier precaution,incidence of CRBSI and mortality were compared between two groups.Results There was no statistical difference in constitute of intubation sites between patients in SSB group and MSB group(χ2=6.750,P=0.08).The incidence of CRBSI per 1000 catheter days in SSB group and MSB group were 2.41‰(1.64‰-4.02‰)and 1.91‰(0‰-4.56‰)respectively,rank test revealed no significant difference(Z=-0.057, P>0.05);24 (4.29%)patients in SSB group and 26(5.96%)patients in MSB group developed CRBSI,difference between two groups was not statistically significant(χ2=1.447,P>0.05).The mortality in SSB group and MSB group were (18.43±5.53)% and (11.68±4.14)% respectively,independent sample t-test revealed that difference was significant(t=3.907,P<0.05).Conclusion Maximal sterile barrier precaution did not reduce the incidence of CRBSI.

Objective:The non targeted high-throughput urine metabolomics technology was used to study the pathogenesis of APP/PS 1 double transgenic mice and the mechanism of action of Gouteng san.Methods:5-month-old APP/PS 1 double transgenic mice were test with Morris water maze for spatial learning ability.Then we employed the non targeted high-throughput urine metabolomics technology to study the pathogenesis of APP/PS1 double transgenic mice based on the metabolic network.The focus investigation of the key pathways and the observation of the treatment by Morris water maze and metabolic level have been used after spatial learning ability damaged confirmed.Results:The comparison between APP/PS1 double transgenic mice and normal mice suggested that a significant longer was existed in former,which was call-back by Gouteng san.With the non targeted high-throughput urine metabolomics analysis and pathway focused analysis,we found certain signals from metabolic profiling,which was identified to be 6 biomarkers associated with learning and memory function by mass spectrometry analysis or authoritative database.Respectively,they were taurine,pteroylglutamic acid,neopterin,glutaurine,2-oxoglutarate and dihydroneopterin.They were mainly related to taurine metabolism and folate metabolism and represented an effective callback.Conclusion:Gouteng san possess a favorable effect on learning and memory ability of APP/PS1 double transgenic mice,6 biomarkers may be a potential target for the pathogenesis of APP/PSI double transgenic mice and provide experimental basis for the study of Gouteng san.

OBJECTIVETo analyzed the relationship between lumbar endplate Modic area changes rate and low back pain by measuring MRI T2 sagittal image of lumbar endplate Modic area changes rate.

METHODSFrom December 2011 to June 2012,70 patients with low back pain in operation were evaluated on pain by VAS and function by JOA,and examined by MRI including 39 males and 31 females with an average age of (51.00 +/- 11.89) years ranging from 29 to 72 years old. Among them, 54 cases had lumbar endplate Modic changes involving 15 cases in types Modic I ,21 cases in type Modic II, 11 cases in type Modic III ,mixed type Modic in 7 cases (eliminated for too few cases). Modic area changes and corresponding vertebral area were measured on MRI T2 median sagittal. The areas of two ways were compared to yield the rate of changes for Modic, for multisegmental Modic changes to calculate the total ratios. A correlation was observed among JOA, VAS and the rate of Modic changes.

RESULTSThe correlation coefficient of change rate of Modic I with JOA score was r = -0.308, P = 0.048 < 0.05, there was a negative correlation;the correlation coefficient of change rate of Modic I with VAS scores was r = 0.428,P = 0.021 < 0.05, there was a positive correlation. The correlation coefficient of change rate of Modic II with JOA score was r = -0.375, P = 0.043 < 0.05, there was a negative correlation;the correlation coefficient of change rate of Modic II with VAS score was r = 0.352, P = 0.041 < 0.05, there was a positive correlation. The area change rate of Modic III had no significant correlation with low back pain degree (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONModic I and II area changes rate of of patients with low back pain is closely related to the degree of pain low back pain, Modic III area changes rate is not significant correlated to the degree of lower back pain.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Low Back Pain ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; diagnostic imaging ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radiography

The study of neuronal activity with low frequency has shown an increasing interest for its greater stability and reliability recent years. One challenge in analyzing this kind of activity is to find similarities and differences between signals efficiently and effectively. The traditional analysis methods, such as short-time Fourier transform, are easily obscured by background noises and often involve a large number of parameters. Therefore, this paper introduces a novel time-frequency analysis method based on wavelet transformation and half-ellipsoid modeling to extract instantaneous frequency and instantaneous phase information. This method overcomes some shortcomings of conventional time-frequency analysis. In this method, wavelet transformation is used to provide high-level representations of raw signals, and parsimonious half-ellipsoid models are used to extract changes in time domain and frequency domain of neural recordings. The method was validated to local field potentials (LFPs) of olfactory bulb of anesthetized rats during three different odor stimuli. The results suggested that this method could detect odor-relevant features from olfactory signals with large variability. The Odors then were classified with support vector machine (SVM) algorithm and the classification accuracy reached 79.4%.
Algorithms ; Animals ; Evoked Potentials ; Fourier Analysis ; Odorants ; analysis ; Olfactory Bulb ; physiology ; Rats ; Reproducibility of Results ; Smell ; physiology ; Support Vector Machine ; Wavelet Analysis

Bring up high quality medical talents with innovative consciousness and practical ability is the aim of high medical ed- ucation.Improving the innovative ability of teachers and quality of teaching with the perfect combination of science and humanities, so as to improve our understanding of the importance and necessity of innovation education,and carry out an overall quality edu- cation which chiefly works for the training of students' innovative consciousness and practical ability during practicing period.