Objective To explore the efficacy and adverse reaction of nedaplatin (NDP)+gemcitabine (GEM)and cisplatin (DDP)+GEM for advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma.Methods A total of 1 01 cases advanced untreated patients from September 201 2 to December 201 3 were randomly divided into 2 groups using random number table method:69 patients in the observation group accepted NDP+GEM treatment and 32 patients in the control group received DDP +GEMtreatment.The objective response rate (RR),disease control rate (DCR ) and progression-free survival (PFS ) and adverse reaction were collected and evaluated. Results RR was 28.6%(1 8/63)in the observation group and 1 5.6%(5/32)in the control group,DCR was 81 .0%(51/63)in the observation group and 68.8%(22/32)in the control group (χ2 =1 .36,P=0.24;χ2 =1 .67,P=0.20).The median PFS was 4.52 months and 4.01 months in the observation group and control group (χ2 =0.09,P=0.73).The major adverse reaction was myelosuppression in both groups (33.3% vs.37.5%,χ2 =0.1 7,P=0.68).The incidence ofⅢ-Ⅳ grade nausea and vomiting was lower in the observation group, compared with the control group (1 4.5%vs.56.3%,χ2 =1 9.02,P=0.05).Conclusion NDP combined with GEM in advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma of the first-line treatment has equivalent efficacy to DDP+GEM, with lower incidence of adverse reaction,which is worthy of further dissemination of research.

OBJECTIVETo explore clinical effects of suturing-assisted locking plate in treating elderly proximal humeral fractures.

METHODSFrom January 2005 to January 2013, 55 elderly patients with three- and four-part fractures of proximal humeral fractures were divided into treatment group and control group. In treatment group, there were 31 patients including 12 males, and 19 females aged from 65 to 85 with an average of (74.00±5.42) years old, and treated with suturing-assisted locking plates; 19 patients were Neer 3-part fractures, and 12 patients were Neer 4-part fractures of proximal humerus; 23 patients were suffered from low-energy injuries and 8 patients were caused by high-energy injuries. In control group, there were 24 patients including 7 males, and 17 females aged from 65 to 85 with an average of (72.79±5.34) years old, and treated with locking plates; 16 patients were Neer 3-part fractures, and 8 patients were Neer 4-part fractures of proximal humerus; 17 patients were suffered from low-energy injuries and 7 patients were caused by high-energy injuries. Operative time, blood loss during operation, and bone healing time between two groups were observed and compared. Postoperative Neer scoring were used to evaluate recovery of shoulder joint function.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 6 to 24 months with an average of 16.1 months. In treatment group, blood loss was (495.806±143.150) ml, function of Neer scoring was 22.645±2.443, range of action was 18.194±2.613, anatomy was 7.935±1.504 and total score of Neer scoring was 77.161±8.335; while in control group, blood loss was (641.667±169.851) ml, function of Neer scoring was 13.958±1.989, range of action was 13.083±2.165, anatomy was 5.500±1.978 and total score of Neer scoring was 58.792±7.313. There were sigificant difference between two groups in these indexes.

CONCLUSIONSuturing-assisted locking plate for the treatment of proximal humerus fractures in elderly, has advantages of less blood loss, simple fracture reduction and rapid recovery of shoulder joint, and is a effective method.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bone Plates ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Recovery of Function ; Shoulder Fractures ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Shoulder Joint ; physiopathology ; Sutures

OBJECTIVETo investigate the mechanisms of taurine (Tau) preventive effect on neurotoxicity induced by manganese (Mn) in rat's prefrontal cortex.

METHODSSD rats were divided into four groups after one week of observation: normal control:the group animals received daily intraperitoneal (ip.) injections of sterile saline for 3 months; Mn treated group (Mn): rats received ip. injection of MnCl(2).4H(2)O once a day for 3 months; Tau preventive group (Mn + Tau): The Mn level of this group were the same as Mn's, the Tau level 200 mg/kg, three times per week, for 3 months; Tau treated group (Mn-->Tau): After received the daily injection of Mn as Mn group for 3 months, the rats received Tau three times per week for 3 months. The dose of Mn and Tau were the same as above. The experiment lasted 6 months.

RESULTS(1) Mn induced apoptosis of neurons in rat's prefrontal cortex. The ratio of apoptosis of neurons in the Mn treated group [(20.0 +/- 4.3)%] was higher than that of the control group [(1.8 +/- 2.1)%] (P < 0.05) and the ratio of apoptosis in Tau preventive group (Mn + Tau) was lower than that of the Mn treated group (P < 0.05). (2) The production of MDA in Mn treated group was higher than the control group (P < 0.05) and the activity of SOD was lower than that in the control group. In Tau preventive group (Mn + Tau), Tau increased the activity of SOD and decreased the production of the MDA, with the significant difference level compared to the Mn treated group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONMn induces apoptosis in rat's prefrontal cortex neurons. The main mechanisms of Tau preventing cytotoxicity against Mn is the reduction of the oxidative stress in prefrontal cortex neurons.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Drug Antagonism ; Male ; Manganese ; toxicity ; Neurons ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Neurotoxicity Syndromes ; etiology ; metabolism ; pathology ; prevention & control ; Prefrontal Cortex ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Taurine ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the expression of PTEN, MMP-2 and MMP-9 in thymomas and their correlation with clinical significance.

METHODSImmunohistochemical S-P assay was used to detect the expression of PTEN, MMP-2 and MMP-9 in 45 thymomas and 16 non-neoplastic thymuses.

RESULTSThe positive rate of PTEN, MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression in 45 thymomas were 53.5%, 48.9% and 62.2%, respectively. There were significant differences between non-neoplastic thymus and thymomas (P < 0.05). The expression of PTEN, MMP-2 correlated with histological type (P < 0.05) and different clinical stage of the thymoma (P < 0.01). The expression of MMP-9 was not correlated with histological type and different clinical stages of thymoma (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONPTEN, MMP-2 and MMP-9 may play an important role in the occurrence and development of thymoma. The expression of PTEN and MMP-2 correlates with the malignance and the aggression of thymoma.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; metabolism ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Staging ; PTEN Phosphohydrolase ; metabolism ; Paraffin Embedding ; Thymoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Thymus Gland ; metabolism ; Thymus Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo explore the choice and effect of internal fixation in treating upper cervical vertebrae instability through anterior approach.

METHODSFrom March 2000 to September 2010,83 patients with upper cervical vertebrae instability were treated with internal fixation through anterior approach. There were 59 males and 24 females with a mean age of 42 years old (ranged, 20 to 68). Among these patients, 36 patients were treated with odontoid screw fixation, 16 patients with C1,2 transarticular screw fixation, 23 patients with C2,3 steel plate fixation, 5 patients with odontoid screw and transarticular screw fixation,2 patients with odontoid screw and C2.3 steel plate fixation, 1 patient with C1,2 transarticular screw and C2,3 steel plate fixation.

RESULTSOne patient with completely cervical vertebrae cord injury died of pulmonary infection after C1,2 transarticular screw fixation. Other patients were followed up from 8 to 36 months with an average of 15 months. Upper cervical vertebrae stability were restored without vertebral artery and spinal cord injury. Thirty-six patients were treated with odontoid screw fixation and 5 patients were treated with screw combined with transarticular screw fixation obtained bone union in the dentations without bone graft. Among the 16 patients treated with C1,2 transarticular screw fixation, 13 patients obtained bone union after bone graft; 1 patient died of pulmonary infection after surgery; 1 patient with comminuted odontoid fracture of type II C and atlantoaxial anterior dislocation did not obtain bone union after bone graft,but the fibrous healing was strong enough to maintain the atlantoaixal joint stability; 1 patient with obsolete atlantoaxial anterior dislocation were re-treated with Brooks stainless steel wire fixation and bone graft through posterior approach, and finally obtained bone union.

CONCLUSIONIt could obtain satisfactory effects depending on the difference of cervical vertebrae instability to choose the correctly surgical method.

Adult ; Aged ; Bone Plates ; Bone Screws ; Cervical Vertebrae ; surgery ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Joint Instability ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo isolate and characterize human rheumatoid arthritis (RA) fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs).

METHODSThe synovial membrane tissues were obtained from 4 RA patients, 1 chondroma patient and 1 healthy subject and FLS were isolated by means of tissue culture. The cell morphology was observed by phase-contrast microscope and the cell surface markers were detected by flow cytometry.

RESULTSThe FLSs were successfully cultured from the synovial membrane tissues with good cell homogeneity after the third passage. The FLSs of the 3rd to 7th passages were stable and proliferated actively, followed by slow proliferation and aging since the 8th passage. Flow cytometry showed that the 4th-passage FLSs from the RA patients contained 99.04% CD90(+) cells, 2.73% CD3(+) cells, 0.29% CD3(-)CD19(+) cells, 2.81% CD3(-)CD16(+)CD56(+) cells, 5.89% CD14(+) cells, and 54.17% CD55(+) cells. The presence of interleukin-1 receptor type I (IL-1RI, 158.63-/+20.32 pg/ml) and IL-1beta (4.67-/+0.82 pg/ml) were detected in the cell culture supernatant of the 4th-passage FLSs from the RA patients by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ELISA.

CONCLUSIONFLSs from RA patients can be effectively culture by means of tissue culture, and the cultured FLSs show high expressions of CD90, IL-1RI and IL-1beta.

Adult ; Aged ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; pathology ; Cell Proliferation ; Cell Separation ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; Fibroblasts ; pathology ; Humans ; Interleukin-1beta ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Receptors, Interleukin-1 Type I ; metabolism ; Synovial Membrane ; cytology ; pathology ; Thy-1 Antigens ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics of Oncomelania hupensis in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, so as to provide insights into the assessment of the risk of schistosomiasis transmission and the scientific formulation of the schistosomiasis surveillance strategy. Methods From 2015 to 2019, a total of 19 national schistosomiasis surveillance sites were assigned in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, including 4 fixed sites and 15 mobile sites. Snail survey was performed by means of systematic sampling in combination with environmental sampling, and the infection of Schistosoma japonicum was detected by the crushing method combined with loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay. Results From 2015 to 2019, snail habitats were detected at areas of 17 040 to 39 527 m², including 6 214 m² emerging snail habitats and 16 563 m² re-emerging snail habitats. The overall mean density of living snails was 0.019 2 snails/0.1 m² and the occurrence of frames with snails was 1.11% in the national schistosomiasis surveillance sites; however, no S. japonicum infection was identified in snails. The area of snail habitats increased by 121.46% in the national surveillance sites in 2019 as compared to that in 2015; however, 50.34% (Z = −0.422, P > 0.05) and 42.85% (χ² = 130.41, P < 0.01) reductions were seen in the overall means density of living snails and the occurrence of frames with snails. All snail habitats were distributed in the 4 fixed surveillance sites, and were mainly found in ditches, paddy fields and dry lands, with weeds as the primary vegetation type. Conclusions There are still risk factors leading to re-emergent transmission of schistosomiasis in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, such as local snail spread, and the monitoring of schistosomiasis remains to be reinforced to further consolidate the achievements of schistosomiasis elimination in the region.

OBJECTIVETo report the preliminary experience in clinical application of 3.0 T intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (iMRI) neuronavigation system in China.

METHODSFrom September 2010 to March 2011, a consecutive series of 122 patients with intracranial lesions underwent operations in guidance with 3.0 T iMRI. A retrospective analysis was conducted regarding clinical efficiency.

RESULTSAmong 122 procedures, the numbers of intraoperative scanning were 2 - 4 times with an average of 2.6. The qualities of images were excellent. Due to the discovery and further possibility of resection of residual tumors, the ratio of gross total resection was increased from 71.7% to 90.0% in cerebral gliomas (n = 60), while from 75.9% to 93.1% in macroadenomas (n = 29). There were 6.7% of all patients occurred postoperative paralysis, but only 3.3% of patients had persistent paralysis at 1 - 2 months follow-up. There was no iMRI-related adverse event occurred. During the same period, more than 2500 patients underwent diagnostic MRI scanning.

CONCLUSIONS3.0 T iMRI neuronavigation system provides high-quality intraoperative structural, functional and metabolic images for real time tumor resection control and accurate functional preservation, resulting in an improvement in maximal safe brain surgery. The system is cost-effective.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Brain Neoplasms ; surgery ; Child ; Female ; Glioma ; surgery ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neuronavigation ; methods ; Pituitary Neoplasms ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

BACKGROUNDSeveral studies have evaluated the association between polymorphisms of thymidylate synthase (TS) and cancer risk in diverse populations but with conflicting results. By pooling the relatively small samples in each study, it is possible to evaluate the association using a meta-analysis.

METHODSA comprehensive search was conducted to identify all case-control studies on TS on a 28-bp tandem repeats in 5'untranslated region (5'UTR) and a 6-bp insertion (ins) and deletion (del) mutation in 3'UTR of the gene and cancer risk. Meta-analysis was conducted using a fixed and random effect model.

RESULTSOur meta-analysis on a total of 13 307 cancer cases and 18 226 control subjects from 37 published case-control studies showed no significant association between the risk of cancer and the 5'UTR 28-bp tandem repeats polymorphism (3R/3R vs. 2R/2R: OR = 1.06, 95%CI, 0.93 - 1.20) or the 3'UTR 6-bp ins/del polymorphism (del6/del6 vs. ins6/ins6: OR = 0.93, 95%CI, 0.81 - 1.08) with significant between-study heterogeneity. In the cancer type- and ethnic subgroup-stratification analyses, we did not find any association between TS polymorphisms and cancer risk either.

CONCLUSIONTS 5'UTR 28-bp tandem repeats and 3'UTR 6-bp ins/del polymorphisms may not be associated with cancer risk.

3' Untranslated Regions ; genetics ; 5' Untranslated Regions ; genetics ; Case-Control Studies ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; genetics ; Tandem Repeat Sequences ; genetics ; Thymidylate Synthase ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo detect gene mutations associated with autosomal dominant congenital stationary night blindness(ADCSNB) in a large Chinese family.

METHODSGenomic DNAs were extracted from peripheral blood samples of 16 affected and 14 unaffected family members. According to 5 missense mutations in 3 genes reported previously, 4 pairs of primers were designed and corresponding exons containing the five mutation sites were amplified by polymerase chain reaction. Amplified products were purified and sequenced by MegaBACE1000 capillary array electrophoresis DNA sequencer. Full field electroretinogram (ERG, ISCEV) of patients was recorded and analyzed by Roland Consult System.

RESULTSDark-adapted ERG showed a-wave was normal, but b-wave of the patients was markedly decreased. None of the five missense mutations were detected in 16 affected and 14 unaffected family members.

CONCLUSIONThe molecular pathogenesis of ADCSNB in this family does not involve point mutations or deletions of these five sites, which indicates the heterogeneity of ADCSNB.

Adult ; Base Sequence ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Night Blindness ; congenital ; genetics ; Pedigree ; Point Mutation