Atherosclerosis results from the interaction of multiple factors including lipoprotein metabolism, inflammatory factors, monocyte/macrophage adhesion,platelet tactivation, gene abnormalities etc.This paper reviews the current status problems and prospects of biomarkers related to atherosclerosis such as lipoproteins and lipoprotein metabolism associated markers , inflammation markers , coagulationand genetic markers.

The purpose of this study is to. investigate the pathologic changes of stress cardiomyopathy in ex-perimental rats. The results revealed some changes including myocardial fibers band necrosis by HE stain, early myocardium ischaemic changes by HBFP stain, Ca++overload of myocardial cells by GBHA stain. These methods are important for diagnosis of stress cardiomyopathy and early myocardial ischaemia.

A new type of amperometric immunosensor for the determination of naphthalene based on self-assemble) layer-by-layer technique was reported. The preparation procedure of such a sensor was characterized and the operation conditions, such as the pH value of supporting solution, incubated temperature and time were studied by cyclic voltammetry. Under the optimized working conditions, the current response of the immunosensor) was proportional to the concentration of naphthalene in the range of 0.5-100 μg/L with a detection) limit of 0.08 μg/L(r=0.9986). This method was applied to the naphthalene detection in river) water) samples and the recovery was ranging in 94.3%-107.0%. The reported immunosensor exhibited high sensitivity and long-term stability for naphthalene detection, and was easy to be prepared and regenerated.

Objective To observe the clinical effect of entecavir combined with oxymatrine in the treatment of patients with hepatitis B.Methods 74 patients with hepatitis B were randomly divided into two groups.The treatment group(40 cases) were given entecavir 0.5mg daily,oxymatine 600mg,intravenous daily.The control group (34 cases) were given entercavir 0.5mg daily.The HBeAg and Anti-HBe negative conversion rates,the HBV-DNA negative conversion rate and the ALT normalization rate after 1,3,6,9,12 months in treatment period and 6,12months in follow-up period were observed.Results After 1,3,6,9,12 months in treatment period and 6,12 months in follow-up period,the HBeAg and Anti-HBe negative conversion rates of the treatment group was 32.5％,45.0％,60.0％,60.0％,62.5％,62.5％ and 62.5％,while that of the control group was 5.9％,5.9％,8.8％,11.8％,11.8％,11.8％ and 11.8％,there was significant difference between them( x2 =5.46,12.83,25.22,21.68,24.79,24.79,24.79,all P ＜0.05).The ALT normalization rate of the treatment groups was 45.0％,67.5％,87.5％,90.0％,90.0％,90.0％ and 90.0％,while that of the control group was 20.6％,32.4％,41.2％,50.0％,52.9％,52.9％ and 52.9％,there was significantly difference between them ( x2 =4.60,10.36,20.67,14.47,12.08,12.08,12.08,all P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion Entecavir combined with oxymatrine in the treatment of patients with hepatitis B had a synergistic antiviral effect,high security and simple treatment.It was worthy to promote.

Objective To explore the role of probiotics in the prevention of diarrhea in critically ill patients.Methods The patients receiving enteral nutrition from May 2009 to September 2010 in the Respiratory Intensive Care Unit were divided into routine feeding group (control group,n =38) and probiotic yogurt feeding group (yogury group,n =42).The control group accepted routine enteral nutrition liquid (Nutrison),while the yogurt group accepted conventional feeding plus probiotic yogurt.The incidence of dianhea,length of hospital stay,and other indicators were compared between these two groups.Results The incidence of diarrhea was lower in the yogurt group on the 5th,6th,and 7th days (P＜0.05).The cases of positive stool bacterial and fungal culture results in the yogurt group were less than those in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).In addition,the hospital stay was shorter [(13.17±3.79) d vs.(15.18±4.39) d,P=0.031],the cost was lower [(6307±2358) yuan vs.(8253±3186) yuan,P =0.002],and the satisfaction of the patients were higher in the yogurt group.Conclusion Probiotics may reduce the occurrence of diarrhea associated with enteral nutrition in critically ill patients.

Objective Improve sugar coating and finished product stability to be fit for users. Method Adopt new technology of film coating to substitute for sugar coating. Result The finished products which adopt the film coating technology are better to resolve original questions there are some spots on finished products surface and are not fit for some people to use. Reduce dosage of anti-activities and shorten disintegration time, improve products quantity and stability. Conclusion The film coating method is simple and ideal, which is good for application.

Using the prime b(special to M. tuberculosis) to amplify 21 mycobacterium and 13 nonmycobacterium, the products amplified were detected by agarose gel electrophoresis. The sensitivity was 50fg at annealing temperature 61℃,and only M. tuberculosis, M. gastri were amplified, those results showed: the clinical isolated mycobacterium can be differentiated and detected quickly and efficiently by using the prime b(using the prime a when necessary) to amplify 16S～23S rDNA spacer sequence of mycobacterium.

China ; Hepatitis A ; immunology ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Immunization ; methods

Objective To evaluate the effects of different durations of severe acute hypervolemic hemodilution (AHH) on acute lung injury in rabbits.Methods Thirty-six healthy adult rabbits of both sexes, weighing 2.7-3.1 kg, were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=18 each) using a random number table: control group (C group) and AHH group.AHH was performed with 6％ hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 until the target hematocrit of 20％ was achieved in group AHH.Immediately before AHH (T0) , and at 1,2 and 4 h after AHH (T1-3) , blood samples were taken from the right femoral artery for blood gas analysis.The oxygenation index was calculated.The occurrence of acute lung injury (oxygenation index ≤ 300 mm-Hg) was recorded.After blood samples were collected at T1-3 , 6 rabbits in each group were sacrificed, and lungs were removed for determination of wet/dry lung weight ratio (W/D ratio) and aquaporin-1 (AQP-1) expression (by immuno-histochemistry).Results In group AHH, 1 rabbit developed acute lung injury at 1-2 h after AHH, and 4 rabbits developed acute lung injury at 2-4 h after AHH.Compared with group C,W/D ratio was significantly increased at T1-3, and the expression of AQP-1 was down-regulated at T2,3 in group AHH (P＜0.05 or 0.01).Conclusion Severe AHH performed with 6％ hydroxyethyl starch 130/ 0.4 with the target hematocrit reduced to 20％ and the duration ＞ 1 h induces acute lung injury in rabbits.

BACKGROUND:Posterior antebrachial skin is beneficial for repairing injury of dorsum,however,the systematic anatomic characteristics of distally based compound flap pedicled with nutrient vessels need to be further studied.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the anatomic characteristics of distally based flap pedicled with nutrient vessels of the posterior antebrachial cutaneous nerve and compound flap.DESIGN:Single sample observation.SETTING:Research Center for Clinical Anatomy,Military Institute of Orthopaedics,Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Area Command of Chinese PLA.MATERIALS:The experiment was carried out at the laboratory for Research Center for Clinical Anatomy,Military Institute of Orthopaedics,Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Area Command of Chinese PLA from October to December 2004.A total of 30 upper limbs of adult cadavers perfused with red latex through arteries were provided by Research Center for Clinical Anatomy,Military Institute of Orthopaedics,Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Area Command of Chinese PLA.METHODS:All 30 adults upper limbs were dissected and observed under the microscope based on the pivot point of styloid process of ulna and radius.The following microdissection was emphasized:The origins,branches,distribution and anastomosis of nutrient vessels of the posterior antebrachial cutaneous nerve;The blood supply relationship of nutrient vessels of posterior antebrachial cutaneous nerve and vicinal bone and skin.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:The ordgins and branches of nutrient vessels of posterior antebrachial cutaneous nerve,and whose blood supply relationship with vicinal bone and skin.RESULTS:The origin of nutrient vessels of posterior antebrachial cutaneous nerve were as follows:Proximal part:2-6cutaneous perforators of radial collateral artery,with an outer diameter of (0.6±0.3) mm;Distal part:3-5 cutaneous perforators of dorsal carpal branch of anterior interosseous artery,with an outer diameter of (0.8±0.2) mm;Others:6-9cutaneous perforators of posterior nterosseous artery,with an outer diameter of (0.7±0.3) mm.Posterior interosseous artery sent out 6-8 muscle- periosteum branches with an outer diameter of (0.3-1.0) mm,which distribute on ulnar periosteum;Radial bone-skin perforators of posterior interosseous artery anastomosed with periosteal vessels of mid-inferior bare area of radial bone.All above mentioned cutaneous perforators gave off cutaneous branches,fascia branches,periosteal branches and nerve-nutrient vascular branches,all of which formed a vascular chain of cutaneous nervous stem and vascular networks of deep fascia,superficial fascia and periosteum.CONCLUSION:The nutrient vessels of posterior antebrachial cutaneous nerve have the same origins as the vicinal bone-skin nutrient vessels,and the rotation point of its distally based pedicled flap and compound flap can reach the plane of wrist joint,which may be helpful to design a kind of more convenient and simplified flap to repair the distal tissue defects of the hand.